Module 1 - Pharm
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| Drugs | chemicals that act on living systems at the molecular level
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| Pharmacology | the study of drugs and their effects on living organisms
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| Pharmacodynamics | the study of the action of drugs on living organisms
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| Pharmacokinetics | the study of what the body does to a drug; the measurement of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drug from the body
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| Brand (trade) name | the manufacturer’s name, written with the first letter capitalized (e.g., Valium, Vazepam, Tylenol)
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| Generic name | name for the chemical makeup of a drug, written in lowercase, first letter NOT capitalized(e.g., diazepam for Valium or Vazepam, acetaminophen for Tylenol). Generic drugs marketed without brand names are less expensive than brand name drugs
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| Contraindications | medical or physical conditions that make the drug inadvisable
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| Synergism | getting more than the desired effects when taking two drugs (1+1>2) (e.g., oxycodone + acetaminophen = Percocet)
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| Tolerance | decreased effect of a drug over time with the patient needing
larger doses to achieve the same effect
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| Toxicology | the study of the harmful effects of drugs on living tissues
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| Therapeutic effect | desired effect of a drugs
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| Efficacy | is the maximum intensity of effect or response that can be produced by a drug
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| Chemically equivalent | when two formulations of a drug meet the chemical and physical standards
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| Biologically equivalent | when two formulations of a drug produce similar concentrations of the drug in the blood and tissues
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| Therapeutically equivalent | When two formulations of a drug prove to have equal therapeutic effects
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| Orphan drugs | Drugs developed to specifically treat rare medical conditions
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| bid | twice a day
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| tid | 3 times a day
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| qid | 4 times a day
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| pc | after meals
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| ac | before meals
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| po | by mouth
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| prn | as needed
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| hs | at bedtime
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| Therapeutic Classification | What is affected by the drug - or what the drug is indicated for (ex. using advil for a headache)
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| Pharmacological Classification | Broader classification based on the general therapeutic effects or use of the drug. Categorized into various classes based on their effects. (ex. advil = non opioid)
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| Mechanism of action of the drug | specific thing the drug does on the molecular level
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| How long is a trade name drug kept safe for before other companies can make/offer their own version? | 20 years
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| What organization develops the generic name of a drug? | United States Adopted Name Council
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| Schedule I drug abuse potential | Highest drug abuse potential - No accepted medical use; experimental use, only in research
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| Schedule II drug abuse potential | High drug abuse potential - Written prescription with provider's signature only; no refills
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| Schedule III drug abuse potential | Moderate drug abuse potential - Prescriptions may be telephoned; no more than five prescriptions in 6 months
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| Schedule IV drug abuse potential | Low drug abuse potential - Prescriptions may be telepjones; no more than five prescriptions in 6 months
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| Schedule V drug abuse potential | Lowest drug abuse potential - Can be bought over-the-counter in some states
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| a | before
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| ċ | with
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| cap | capsule
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| d | day
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| disp | dispense
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| gm | gram
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| gr | grain
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| gtt | drop
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| h | hour
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| p | after
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| q | every
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| ś | without
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| sig | Write on label
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| śś | one half
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| stat | Immediately
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| tab | tablet
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| ud | as directed
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Created by:
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