Medical Terminology final
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| Neuro - is a combining form that means what | nerve
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| build a term that means study of cell | cytology
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| Build a term for a white blood cell | Leukocyte
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| arterio | artery
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| Athero | Plaque or fatty substance
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| Arthero- | Joint
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| -graphy | Process of recording a picture or record
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| Antero- | Front, before
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| Exo- | Outside, out of
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| Postero- | Behind, back, towards
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| Endo- | Within
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| -stasis | Control
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| -plasty | Surgical repair
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| Myo- | Surgical repair
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| -scope | Instrument for visual examination
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| -scopy | Visual examination
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| -megaly | Enlargement
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| Pandemic | Outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographical area
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| Iatrogenic illness | This occurs as a response prescribed medical treatment
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| Nosocomial infection | A disease that is acquired while in the hospital or other clinical setting
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| Idiopathic disease | Disease without a known cause
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| Anaplasia | Change in the structure of cells; cells become undifferentiated
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| Dysplasia | Abnormal growth of cells
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| Hyperplasia | Increase in the number of cells
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| Hypertrophy | Increase in the size, not the number of cells
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| In the terms gastromegaly, which is the word root? | Gastr
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| When combining two word parts to make a medical term, you will use the ______, even if the second word part begins with a vowel. | Combining form
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| To build a term that means visual examination of a joint, the suffix -scopy is combined with | The combining form arthro-
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| RUQ | RUQ
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| LUQ | Left upper quadrant
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| RLQ | Right lower quadrant
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| LLQ | Left lower quadrant
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| -malacia | Softening
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| sclerosis | Hardening
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| -rrhage | Bleeding; sudden,severe bleeding
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| -rrhea | Flow or discharge
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| To build a medical term with a suffix that begins with a vowel, use the ________ to form the term. | Word root
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| Word root | The part of the medical term that contains the primary meaning of the word
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| Combining form | A word root with a combining vowel
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| Suffix | A word part that is at the end of a word
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| Prefix | A word part that is at the beginning of a word
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| The suffix -logy means what | Study of / the study of
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| Arthro- | Combining form that means joint
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| Cephal | Word root that means head
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| Osteo- | Combining form that means bone
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| Epi- | Prefix that means above
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| -al | Suffix that means pertaining to
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| Erythro- | Combining form that means red
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| Arthr- | Word root that means joint
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| -stomy | Suffix that means to create a new opening to the outside of the body
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| The combining form cephalo- means what | Head
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| The suffix -itis means what? | Inflammation
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| All medical terms have a prefix | False
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| If a suffix begins with a vowel, add an o or i to the end of the root before adding the suffix. For example, the word root hepat- and the suffix -itis would be combined as hepatitis. | False
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| STEP 1 | Define the suffix or the last part of the medical term
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| STEP 2 | Define the first part of the medical term
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| STEP 3 | Define the middle part of the word
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| Correct pronunciation of medical terms is not very important, so you should not spend time making sure your pronunciation is correct. | False
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| Built a term that means visual examination of a joint | Arthroscopy
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| Build a term that means incision into the skull | Craniotomy
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| This is a forward slipping of a vertebra | Spondylolisthesis
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| This is the type of spina bifida that is the ‘worst.’ It is a herniation of the meninges AND the spinal cord | Myelomeningocele
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| Osteomalacia | Softening of bone
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| Chondromalacia | Softening of cartilage
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| HNP | Herniation of the intervertebral disc into the spinal cord
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| Ankylosis | Loss or absence of mobility in a joint
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| Hemarthrosis | Blood within a joint
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| Costochondritis | inflammation of the cartilage that connect a rib to the sternum
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| Synovitis | Inflammation of the synovial membrane
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| Osteoarthritis | This is also known as DJD; inflammation of the bone and joint
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| Kyphosis | Also known as humpback or hunchback
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| Lordosis | Also known as swayback
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| Scoliosis | Abnormal lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine
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| Rickets | Occurs in children when there is a lack of vitamin d
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| Radiculopathy | Disease of the nerve root
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| Periostitis | Inflammation of the periosteum (structure that surround bone)
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| Osteomyelitis | Inflammation of bone and bone marrow
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| Osteoporosis | Condition characterized by a marked loss in boss density and a marked increased in bone porosity
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| Greenstick fracture | Fracture in which one side of the bone is broken while the other side is just bent
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| Compound fracture | Fracture in which a bone is broken and there is an open wound of the skin
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| Closed fracture | Also known as a simple fracture
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| Pathologic fracture | A fracture that occurs due to the bone being weakened by a disease process
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| Abduction | Movement away from the midline
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| Adduction & nbsp | Movement toward the midline
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| Flexion | Decreasing the angle between two bones
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| Extension | Increasing the angle between two bones
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| Rotation | Circular movement around an axis
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| Supination | Rotating the arm or the leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned upward or forward (holding a bowl of soup)
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| Plantar flexion | The movement that bends the foot downward at the ankle
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| Bradykinesia | Abnormally slow movement
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| Dyskinesia | Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement
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| Hyperkinesia | Abnormally increased muscle movement
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| Epicondylitis | Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow
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| Myoparesis | Weakness or slight muscular paralysis
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| Hemiparesis | Weakness or slight paralysis affecting one side of the body
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| Hemiplegia | Total paralysis affecting only one side of the body
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| Paraplegia | Also known as partial paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body
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| Quadriplegia | Paralysis of all four extremities
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| OA | Osteoarthritis
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| ROM | Range of motion
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| EMG | Electromyography
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| -malacia | Softening
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| Osteo- | Bone
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| -scopy | Visual examination
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| -scope | Instrument used to visually examine
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| -rrhaphy | Surgical repair
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| -tomy; -otomy | Cutting into; incision into
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| -ectomy | Excision; removal
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| Myo- | Muscle
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| -pathy | Disease
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| Poly- | Many
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| Build a term that means enlargement of the heart | Cardiomegaly
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| Build a term that means disease of heart muscle | Cardiomyopathy / myocardiopathy
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| Build a term that means inflammation of a vein/s | Phlebitis
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| Build a term that means a deficiency of white blood cells | Leukopenia / leukocytopenia
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| Build a term that means the process of a cell eating or engulfing a pathogen ( a phagocyte performs this actions) | Phagocytosis
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| Build a term that means inflammation of a lymph node or lymph gland | Lymphadenitis
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| Build a term that means pertaining to the destruction of blood | Hemolytic
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| Cardio- | Heart
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| Hemo-; hemato- | Blood
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| Lymphadeno- | Lymph node; lymph gland
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| Lymphangio- | Lymph vessels
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| Athero- | Plaque or fatty substance
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| -sclerosis | Hardening
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| Angio- | Blood vessel
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| Veno-; phlebo- | Veins
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| Peri- | Surrounding
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| -um | Structure
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| Myo- | Muscle
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| -pathy | Disease
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| Tachy- | Fast
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| Brady- | Slow
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| -stenosis | Narrowing
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| Thrombo- | Clot
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| HTN | High blood pressure
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| EKG | A record of the electrical activity of the heart
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| PTCA | Procedure in which a balloon-tipped catheter is used to open up a partially blocked coronary artery
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| CABG | A procedure in which a harvested vein is used to bypass an occluded coronary artery
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| AED | Automated External Defibrillator
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| CAD | The most common type of heart disease; atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces the blood supply to the heart muscle
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| CHF | A condition in which the heart is unable to pump out all of the blood that it receives; this results in edema (swelling)
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| Ischemia | Holding back of blood from an area
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| Myocardial infarction | Also known as a heart attack; occurs when one or more coronary arteries become occluded
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| Angina; angina pectoris | Severe chest pain due to an inadequate flow of blood to the myocardium
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| Heart murmur | A blowing or clicking sound heard on auscultation of the heartbeat
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| Arrhythmia | Abnormal heart rhythm
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| Sinus rhythm | Normal heart rhythm
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| SA node (sinoatrial node) | Natural pacemaker of the heart
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| CBC | Complete blood count; this test measures all blood components
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| HCT | Hematocrit; measures the percentage of blood that is made up RBCs
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| Hgb | A blood protein found on RBCs that allows them to carry oxygen; hemoglobin
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| Bx | Biopsy
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| WBCs | Leukocytes; white blood cells
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| ELISA | A blood test used to screen for the presence of HIV antibodies
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| Natural immunity & nbsp | Passive immunity; a baby acquires immunity from its mother.
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| Acquired immunity | This immunity occurs because of having a disease or receiving a vaccination
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| Type O- blood & nbsp | Persons with this type of blood are known as the universal donor
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| Type AB+ blood | Persons with this type of blood are known as universal recipients of blood
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| Allogeneic transfusion | This type of transfusion involves a person receiving blood from another person
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| Autologous transfusion | This type of transfusion involves a person receiving their own blood
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| Hemodialysis | This is a process which ‘cleans’ the blood; this is used when the kidneys are unable to function properly.
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| Build a term that means excision, removal, of the appendix | Appendectomy
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| Build a term that means collapsed lung | Pulmonologia
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| Build a term that means an abnormal condition of stones in the gallbladder | Cholelithiasis / cholecystolithiasis
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| Intussusception | A condition in which the intestine telescopes into itself; this can lead to bowel obstruction
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| Volvulus | A condition in which the bowel becomes twisted on itself; this can cause a bowel obstruction
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| Ileus | An obstruction of the intestine
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| Esophageal varices | A condition in which the veins of the esophagus are swollen and twisted (tortuous); this is usually caused by portal hypertension
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| Diverticulosis | A condition in which there are outpouchings (pockets) in the colon
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| Diverticulitis | A condition in which the outpouching (pockets) of the colon have become irritated; inflamed , and they may have hemorrhage
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| Gi | Gastrointestinal
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| UC | Ulcerative colitis
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| NG tube | Nasogastric tube
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| IBD | inflammatory bowel disease
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| IBS | irritable bowel syndrome
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| Build the term that means enlarged spleen | splenomegaly
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| Entero- | Small intestine
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| Colo- | Large intestine
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| Dento- | tooth
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| Gingivo- | Gums
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| Cheilo- | Lip
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| Stomato- | Mouth
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| Hepato- | Liver
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| -emesis | To vomit; vomiting
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| Build a term that means fast breathing | tachypnea
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| Build a term that means spitting up blood from the respiratory tract | hemoptysis
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| Colostomy | The creation of a new opening from the colon to the outside of the body
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| Cholecystectomy | Removal of the gallbladder
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| Colonoscopy | Visual examination of the large intestine
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| Gastrotomy | Incision into the stomach
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| Build a term that means vomiting blood | Hematemesis
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| Build a term that means removal of the tonsils | Tonsillectomy
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| Build the term that means inflammation of the voice box | Laryngitis
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| What is the term for the involuntary wavelike contractions of the GI tract. These contractions move food through the GI tract. | Peristalsis
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| Patients with this condition most often suffer from chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This condition is most often caused by long-term smoking. The condition is generally permanent and progressive. | COPD / Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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| Build the term that means a visual examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum; EGD | esophagogastroduodenoscopy
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| What is a collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity? | Pneumothorax
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| COPD | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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| CF | cystic fibrosis
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| TB | Tuberculosis
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| URI | upper respiratory infection
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| -ptysis | Spitting
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| Hemo-; hemato- | Blood
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| Pulmono- | Lung
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| Laryngo- | Voice box
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| Pharyngo- | throat
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| Tracheo- | Windpipe
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| -ectasis | Dilation
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| Atelo- | Incomplete
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| Thoraco-; thorax | Chest
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| -centesis | Surgical puncture, usually for removal of fluid
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| Select the term that best describes an endoscopic exam of the bronchi | Bronchoscopy
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| Build a term that means inflammation of the conjunctiva (pinkeye) | Conjunctivitis
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| Build a term that means visual examination of the eye | Ophthalmoscopy
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| Build a term that means an instrument used to examine the eye | Ophthalmoscope
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| Build a term that means incision into the eardrum | Myringotomy / tympanotomy
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| Build a term that means pain of many nerves | Polyneuralgia
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| Build a term that means burning pain | Causalgia
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| Build a term that means inflammation of the brain | Encephalitis
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| A CVA, cerebrovascular accident, is a brain damage that occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted. This can be caused by a blockage or because of a ruptured blood vessel. WHat is another term for CVA? | Stroke
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| Build a term that means a herniation of the brain; it is a congenital condition in which the brain herniates through a gap in the skull | Encephalocele
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| The myelin sheath is a protective covering of nerves that is made up of glial cells. The myelin sheath helps nerve impulses to travel. What is the loss of this myelin sheath known as? | Demyelination
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| Opti-; opto-; ophthalmo- | Eye
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| -opia | Vision condition
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| Blepharo- | Eyelid
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| Sclero- | Sclera
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| Kerato- | Cornea
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| Presbyo- | Old age
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| Conjunctivo- | Conjunctive
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| Aniso- | Unequal
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| Audito- | Hearing or sense of hearing
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| Tympano-; myringo- | Eardrum
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| Oto- | Ear
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| Pyo- | Pus
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| Myco- | Fungus
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| -rrhea | Discharge
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| -plasty | Surgical repair
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| -metry | To measure
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| Presbyopia | Impaired vision due to old age
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| Hyperopia | Far-sightedness; light rays focus behind the retina
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| Diplopia | Double vision
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| Esotropia | Strabismus characterized by an inward deviation of one or both eyes; cross eyes
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| Photophobia | Excessive sensitivity to light
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| Glaucoma | Groups of diseases caused by increased intraocular pressure
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| Neurotransmitter | Chemical substance that makes it possible for nerve signals to travel
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| Neuron | Nerve cell
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| CNS | The brain and spinal cord
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| PNS | 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of peripheral nerves
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| CSF | Fluid that flows throughout the brain and spinal cord; this fluid cools and cushions the brain and spinal cord
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| Hydrocephalus | Condition in which excess CSF accumulates in the ventricles of the brain
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| Reye’s syndrome | Serious disorder that sometimes follows with a viral illness in which the child was treated with aspirin
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| ALS | A rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles.
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| Neuro- | Nerve
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| Encephalo- | Brain
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| Myelo- | Spinal cord
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| Radiculo- | Nerve root
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| Causo- | Burning
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| Meningo- | meninges- the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord
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| -esthesia | Feeling, sensation
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| -phasia | Speech
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| A pressure ulcer is also known as a decubitus ulcer, a bed sore, or a pressure sore. | True
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| What is another term for thyroid storm? | Thyrotoxicosis
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| This gland is sometimes called the ‘master gland’ because it secretes hormones that control the function of other glands. | Pituitary gland
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| Which term refers to the body keeping a constant internal environment? | Homeostasis
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| Which term means under or below the skin | Subcutaneous
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| A life- threatening disease process due to insufficient amounts of cortisol or aldosterone from the adrenal glands. It is characterized by chronic, worsening fatigue, muscle weakness, or low BP, and weight loss | Addison’s disease
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| What is simple hyperplasia of the thyroid gland known as? | Goiter
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| -uria | Urine condition
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| -dipsia | Thirst
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| -phagia | To eat; swallow
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| Pancreato- | Pancreas
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| Glyco- | Sugar;glucose
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| -emia | Blood condition
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| Calco- | Calcium
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| Endocrino- | Secrete within
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| Adipo-; lipo- | Fat
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| Dermato-; cutaneo- | Skin
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| Hidro- | Sweat
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| Onycho-; unguo- | Nails
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| Myco- | Fungus
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| Tricho- | Hair
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| Hirsuto- | Hairy
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| Pediculo- | Lice
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| DM | Diabetes mellitus
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| DI | Diabetes insipidus
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| ADH | Antidiuretic hormone
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| TSH | Thyroid stimulating hormone
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| PTH | parathyroid hormone
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| GH | growth hormone
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| FBS | Fasting blood sugar
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| HbA1c | Hemoglobin A1C; a blood test that shows the average blood glucose level of the patient over the past 3-4 months
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| MM | Malignant melanoma
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| SCC | Squamous cell carcinoma
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| BCC | Basal cell carcinoma
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| SLE | Systemic lupus erythematosus
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| Anhidrosis | Abnormal condition of lacking sweat in response to heat
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| Diaphoresis | Profuse sweating related to heat and/or exertion of the body’s response to emotional or physical distress
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| Alopecia | Baldness
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| Onychomycosis | Abnormal, fungal infection of the nail
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| Onychocryptosis | ‘Hidden’ toenail; ingrown toenail
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| Albinism | Genetic condition characterized by the deficiency or absence of pigment in the skin
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| Vitiligo | Autoimmune condition in which the body attacks the melanocytes
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| Hirsutism | Presence of excessive body hair
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| The abbreviation for benign prostatic hyperplasia is | BPH
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| A surgical incision into the urethra for relief of a stricture is a/an _______. | Urethrotomy
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| The abbreviation for the condition that cause genital warts is | HPV
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| The abbreviation for a bacterial infection that usually begins in the bladder and can affect all parts of the urinary system is | UTI
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| An inflammation of the urethra is __________. | Urethritis
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| The abbreviation for end-stage renal disease is | ESRD
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| TURP is the abbreviation for _____________________. | Transurethral prostatectomy
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| The surgical removal of one or both ovaries is a/an | Oophorectomy
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| The disorder characterized by the presence of stones in the kidney is known as __________. | Nephrolithiasis
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| A dangerous condition in which a fertilized egg is implanted and begins to develop outside of the uterus is _____________. | Ectopic pregnancy
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| Which term means excessive urination? | Polyuris
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| What does the suffix -rrhea mean? | Discharge
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| Which condition means an accumulation of pus in a fallopian tube? | Pyosalpinx
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| Which term has a word part that means hidden? | Cryptorchidism
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| What does the suffix- gravida mean? | Pregnant
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| Why would a patient have an orchiopexy? | To repair an undescended testicle
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| What does the combining form salping/o mean? | Fallopian tube
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| Which test examines urine for abnormalities? | Urinalysis
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| Which term means inflammation of the bladder? | Cystitis
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| A patient with bladder cancer has a portion of their bladder removed in a procedure called _____. | Cystectomy
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| What does the suffix -pareunia mean? | Coitus
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| Juan rush, who has been trying to have a baby with his partner without success finds out he has a low sperm count. What is the term for Juan's condition? | Oligospermia
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| Which term contains a suffix that means inflammation? | Nephritis
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| Which prefix means first? | Primi-
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| What does the suffix -cele mean? | Hernia
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| What does the combining form in nephropathy mean? | Kidney
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| Which form of dialysis filters waste products from the patient’s blood? | Hemodialysis
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| Which is true of a patient with nocturia? | The patient urinates frequently during the night
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| What occurs in uterine prolapse? | The uterus drops the vagina
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| Which term contains the word part that means pertaining to? | Genitourinary
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| The combining form in ureterolith indicates that this stone is located within the___. | Ureter
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| Which combining form means urinary bladder? | vesic/o
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| Joni Wells is experiencing leukorrhea and makes an appointment with her primary care physician. Which term describes leukorrhea? | The uterus discharges whitish mucus.
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| Which suffix means surgical removal? | ectomy
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| Which combining form means egg? | o/o
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| Which term has the word part that means surgical fixation? | Orchiopexy
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| Which term is also known as an undescended testicle? | Cryptorchidism
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| What is a surgical incision made to enlarge the opening of the urethral meatus? | Meatotomy
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| Which term contains a suffix that means the presence of stones? | Nephrolithiasis
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| Which term contains a word part that means abnormal condition? | Cryptorchidism
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| What occurs during hyperemesis gravidarum? | Excessive vomiting
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| What does nephr/o mean? | Kidney
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| Which combining form means uterus? | hyster/o
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| What is an inflammation of a fallopian tube? | Salpingitis
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| Willa French believes she has a urinary tract infection because she feels pain and burning when urinating; the term for difficult or painful urination is ______. | Dysuria
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| What condition is a result of twisting of the spermatic cord leading into the testicle? | Testicular torsion
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| What does the combining form in the term cystocele mean? | Bladder
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| Which word part means deficient? | Hypo-
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| Nancy Lawless is scheduled for an oophorectomy. What does this term mean? | The surgical removal of one or both ovaries
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|
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| What term means an inflammation of the lining of the vagina? | Vaginitis
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|
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| What is the term for a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall in a female? | Cystocele
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|
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| What is the term for a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall in a female? | Cystocele
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| Which combining form means testicles? | orchi/o
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|
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