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MT FInal

Medical Terminology final

Question	Answer
Neuro - is a combining form that means what	nerve
build a term that means study of cell	cytology
Build a term for a white blood cell	Leukocyte
arterio	artery
Athero	Plaque or fatty substance
Arthero-	Joint
-graphy	Process of recording a picture or record
Antero-	Front, before
Exo-	Outside, out of
Postero-	Behind, back, towards
Endo-	Within
-stasis	Control
-plasty	Surgical repair
Myo-	Surgical repair
-scope	Instrument for visual examination
-scopy	Visual examination
-megaly	Enlargement
Pandemic	Outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographical area
Iatrogenic illness	This occurs as a response prescribed medical treatment
Nosocomial infection	A disease that is acquired while in the hospital or other clinical setting
Idiopathic disease	Disease without a known cause
Anaplasia	Change in the structure of cells; cells become undifferentiated
Dysplasia	Abnormal growth of cells
Hyperplasia	Increase in the number of cells
Hypertrophy	Increase in the size, not the number of cells
In the terms gastromegaly, which is the word root?	Gastr
When combining two word parts to make a medical term, you will use the ______, even if the second word part begins with a vowel.	Combining form
To build a term that means visual examination of a joint, the suffix -scopy is combined with	The combining form arthro-
RUQ	RUQ
LUQ	Left upper quadrant
RLQ	Right lower quadrant
LLQ	Left lower quadrant
-malacia	Softening
sclerosis	Hardening
-rrhage	Bleeding; sudden,severe bleeding
-rrhea	Flow or discharge
To build a medical term with a suffix that begins with a vowel, use the ________ to form the term.	Word root
Word root	The part of the medical term that contains the primary meaning of the word
Combining form	A word root with a combining vowel
Suffix	A word part that is at the end of a word
Prefix	A word part that is at the beginning of a word
The suffix -logy means what	Study of / the study of
Arthro-	Combining form that means joint
Cephal	Word root that means head
Osteo-	Combining form that means bone
Epi-	Prefix that means above
-al	Suffix that means pertaining to
Erythro-	Combining form that means red
Arthr-	Word root that means joint
-stomy	Suffix that means to create a new opening to the outside of the body
The combining form cephalo- means what	Head
The suffix -itis means what?	Inflammation
All medical terms have a prefix	False
If a suffix begins with a vowel, add an o or i to the end of the root before adding the suffix. For example, the word root hepat- and the suffix -itis would be combined as hepatitis.	False
STEP 1	Define the suffix or the last part of the medical term
STEP 2	Define the first part of the medical term
STEP 3	Define the middle part of the word
Correct pronunciation of medical terms is not very important, so you should not spend time making sure your pronunciation is correct.	False
Built a term that means visual examination of a joint	Arthroscopy
Build a term that means incision into the skull	Craniotomy
This is a forward slipping of a vertebra	Spondylolisthesis
This is the type of spina bifida that is the ‘worst.’ It is a herniation of the meninges AND the spinal cord	Myelomeningocele
Osteomalacia	Softening of bone
Chondromalacia	Softening of cartilage
HNP	Herniation of the intervertebral disc into the spinal cord
Ankylosis	Loss or absence of mobility in a joint
Hemarthrosis	Blood within a joint
Costochondritis	inflammation of the cartilage that connect a rib to the sternum
Synovitis	Inflammation of the synovial membrane
Osteoarthritis	This is also known as DJD; inflammation of the bone and joint
Kyphosis	Also known as humpback or hunchback
Lordosis	Also known as swayback
Scoliosis	Abnormal lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine
Rickets	Occurs in children when there is a lack of vitamin d
Radiculopathy	Disease of the nerve root
Periostitis	Inflammation of the periosteum (structure that surround bone)
Osteomyelitis	Inflammation of bone and bone marrow
Osteoporosis	Condition characterized by a marked loss in boss density and a marked increased in bone porosity
Greenstick fracture	Fracture in which one side of the bone is broken while the other side is just bent
Compound fracture	Fracture in which a bone is broken and there is an open wound of the skin
Closed fracture	Also known as a simple fracture
Pathologic fracture	A fracture that occurs due to the bone being weakened by a disease process
Abduction	Movement away from the midline
Adduction & nbsp	Movement toward the midline
Flexion	Decreasing the angle between two bones
Extension	Increasing the angle between two bones
Rotation	Circular movement around an axis
Supination	Rotating the arm or the leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned upward or forward (holding a bowl of soup)
Plantar flexion	The movement that bends the foot downward at the ankle
Bradykinesia	Abnormally slow movement
Dyskinesia	Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement
Hyperkinesia	Abnormally increased muscle movement
Epicondylitis	Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow
Myoparesis	Weakness or slight muscular paralysis
Hemiparesis	Weakness or slight paralysis affecting one side of the body
Hemiplegia	Total paralysis affecting only one side of the body
Paraplegia	Also known as partial paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body
Quadriplegia	Paralysis of all four extremities
OA	Osteoarthritis
ROM	Range of motion
EMG	Electromyography
-malacia	Softening
Osteo-	Bone
-scopy	Visual examination
-scope	Instrument used to visually examine
-rrhaphy	Surgical repair
-tomy; -otomy	Cutting into; incision into
-ectomy	Excision; removal
Myo-	Muscle
-pathy	Disease
Poly-	Many
Build a term that means enlargement of the heart	Cardiomegaly
Build a term that means disease of heart muscle	Cardiomyopathy / myocardiopathy
Build a term that means inflammation of a vein/s	Phlebitis
Build a term that means a deficiency of white blood cells	Leukopenia / leukocytopenia
Build a term that means the process of a cell eating or engulfing a pathogen ( a phagocyte performs this actions)	Phagocytosis
Build a term that means inflammation of a lymph node or lymph gland	Lymphadenitis
Build a term that means pertaining to the destruction of blood	Hemolytic
Cardio-	Heart
Hemo-; hemato-	Blood
Lymphadeno-	Lymph node; lymph gland
Lymphangio-	Lymph vessels
Athero-	Plaque or fatty substance
-sclerosis	Hardening
Angio-	Blood vessel
Veno-; phlebo-	Veins
Peri-	Surrounding
-um	Structure
Myo-	Muscle
-pathy	Disease
Tachy-	Fast
Brady-	Slow
-stenosis	Narrowing
Thrombo-	Clot
HTN	High blood pressure
EKG	A record of the electrical activity of the heart
PTCA	Procedure in which a balloon-tipped catheter is used to open up a partially blocked coronary artery
CABG	A procedure in which a harvested vein is used to bypass an occluded coronary artery
AED	Automated External Defibrillator
CAD	The most common type of heart disease; atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces the blood supply to the heart muscle
CHF	A condition in which the heart is unable to pump out all of the blood that it receives; this results in edema (swelling)
Ischemia	Holding back of blood from an area
Myocardial infarction	Also known as a heart attack; occurs when one or more coronary arteries become occluded
Angina; angina pectoris	Severe chest pain due to an inadequate flow of blood to the myocardium
Heart murmur	A blowing or clicking sound heard on auscultation of the heartbeat
Arrhythmia	Abnormal heart rhythm
Sinus rhythm	Normal heart rhythm
SA node (sinoatrial node)	Natural pacemaker of the heart
CBC	Complete blood count; this test measures all blood components
HCT	Hematocrit; measures the percentage of blood that is made up RBCs
Hgb	A blood protein found on RBCs that allows them to carry oxygen; hemoglobin
Bx	Biopsy
WBCs	Leukocytes; white blood cells
ELISA	A blood test used to screen for the presence of HIV antibodies
Natural immunity & nbsp	Passive immunity; a baby acquires immunity from its mother.
Acquired immunity	This immunity occurs because of having a disease or receiving a vaccination
Type O- blood & nbsp	Persons with this type of blood are known as the universal donor
Type AB+ blood	Persons with this type of blood are known as universal recipients of blood
Allogeneic transfusion	This type of transfusion involves a person receiving blood from another person
Autologous transfusion	This type of transfusion involves a person receiving their own blood
Hemodialysis	This is a process which ‘cleans’ the blood; this is used when the kidneys are unable to function properly.
Build a term that means excision, removal, of the appendix	Appendectomy
Build a term that means collapsed lung	Pulmonologia
Build a term that means an abnormal condition of stones in the gallbladder	Cholelithiasis / cholecystolithiasis
Intussusception	A condition in which the intestine telescopes into itself; this can lead to bowel obstruction
Volvulus	A condition in which the bowel becomes twisted on itself; this can cause a bowel obstruction
Ileus	An obstruction of the intestine
Esophageal varices	A condition in which the veins of the esophagus are swollen and twisted (tortuous); this is usually caused by portal hypertension
Diverticulosis	A condition in which there are outpouchings (pockets) in the colon
Diverticulitis	A condition in which the outpouching (pockets) of the colon have become irritated; inflamed , and they may have hemorrhage
Gi	Gastrointestinal
UC	Ulcerative colitis
NG tube	Nasogastric tube
IBD	inflammatory bowel disease
IBS	irritable bowel syndrome
Build the term that means enlarged spleen	splenomegaly
Entero-	Small intestine
Colo-	Large intestine
Dento-	tooth
Gingivo-	Gums
Cheilo-	Lip
Stomato-	Mouth
Hepato-	Liver
-emesis	To vomit; vomiting
Build a term that means fast breathing	tachypnea
Build a term that means spitting up blood from the respiratory tract	hemoptysis
Colostomy	The creation of a new opening from the colon to the outside of the body
Cholecystectomy	Removal of the gallbladder
Colonoscopy	Visual examination of the large intestine
Gastrotomy	Incision into the stomach
Build a term that means vomiting blood	Hematemesis
Build a term that means removal of the tonsils	Tonsillectomy
Build the term that means inflammation of the voice box	Laryngitis
What is the term for the involuntary wavelike contractions of the GI tract. These contractions move food through the GI tract.	Peristalsis
Patients with this condition most often suffer from chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This condition is most often caused by long-term smoking. The condition is generally permanent and progressive.	COPD / Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Build the term that means a visual examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum; EGD	esophagogastroduodenoscopy
What is a collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity?	Pneumothorax
COPD	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CF	cystic fibrosis
TB	Tuberculosis
URI	upper respiratory infection
-ptysis	Spitting
Hemo-; hemato-	Blood
Pulmono-	Lung
Laryngo-	Voice box
Pharyngo-	throat
Tracheo-	Windpipe
-ectasis	Dilation
Atelo-	Incomplete
Thoraco-; thorax	Chest
-centesis	Surgical puncture, usually for removal of fluid
Select the term that best describes an endoscopic exam of the bronchi	Bronchoscopy
Build a term that means inflammation of the conjunctiva (pinkeye)	Conjunctivitis
Build a term that means visual examination of the eye	Ophthalmoscopy
Build a term that means an instrument used to examine the eye	Ophthalmoscope
Build a term that means incision into the eardrum	Myringotomy / tympanotomy
Build a term that means pain of many nerves	Polyneuralgia
Build a term that means burning pain	Causalgia
Build a term that means inflammation of the brain	Encephalitis
A CVA, cerebrovascular accident, is a brain damage that occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted. This can be caused by a blockage or because of a ruptured blood vessel. WHat is another term for CVA?	Stroke
Build a term that means a herniation of the brain; it is a congenital condition in which the brain herniates through a gap in the skull	Encephalocele
The myelin sheath is a protective covering of nerves that is made up of glial cells. The myelin sheath helps nerve impulses to travel. What is the loss of this myelin sheath known as?	Demyelination
Opti-; opto-; ophthalmo-	Eye
-opia	Vision condition
Blepharo-	Eyelid
Sclero-	Sclera
Kerato-	Cornea
Presbyo-	Old age
Conjunctivo-	Conjunctive
Aniso-	Unequal
Audito-	Hearing or sense of hearing
Tympano-; myringo-	Eardrum
Oto-	Ear
Pyo-	Pus
Myco-	Fungus
-rrhea	Discharge
-plasty	Surgical repair
-metry	To measure
Presbyopia	Impaired vision due to old age
Hyperopia	Far-sightedness; light rays focus behind the retina
Diplopia	Double vision
Esotropia	Strabismus characterized by an inward deviation of one or both eyes; cross eyes
Photophobia	Excessive sensitivity to light
Glaucoma	Groups of diseases caused by increased intraocular pressure
Neurotransmitter	Chemical substance that makes it possible for nerve signals to travel
Neuron	Nerve cell
CNS	The brain and spinal cord
PNS	12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of peripheral nerves
CSF	Fluid that flows throughout the brain and spinal cord; this fluid cools and cushions the brain and spinal cord
Hydrocephalus	Condition in which excess CSF accumulates in the ventricles of the brain
Reye’s syndrome	Serious disorder that sometimes follows with a viral illness in which the child was treated with aspirin
ALS	A rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles.
Neuro-	Nerve
Encephalo-	Brain
Myelo-	Spinal cord
Radiculo-	Nerve root
Causo-	Burning
Meningo-	meninges- the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord
-esthesia	Feeling, sensation
-phasia	Speech
A pressure ulcer is also known as a decubitus ulcer, a bed sore, or a pressure sore.	True
What is another term for thyroid storm?	Thyrotoxicosis
This gland is sometimes called the ‘master gland’ because it secretes hormones that control the function of other glands.	Pituitary gland
Which term refers to the body keeping a constant internal environment?	Homeostasis
Which term means under or below the skin	Subcutaneous
A life- threatening disease process due to insufficient amounts of cortisol or aldosterone from the adrenal glands. It is characterized by chronic, worsening fatigue, muscle weakness, or low BP, and weight loss	Addison’s disease
What is simple hyperplasia of the thyroid gland known as?	Goiter
-uria	Urine condition
-dipsia	Thirst
-phagia	To eat; swallow
Pancreato-	Pancreas
Glyco-	Sugar;glucose
-emia	Blood condition
Calco-	Calcium
Endocrino-	Secrete within
Adipo-; lipo-	Fat
Dermato-; cutaneo-	Skin
Hidro-	Sweat
Onycho-; unguo-	Nails
Myco-	Fungus
Tricho-	Hair
Hirsuto-	Hairy
Pediculo-	Lice
DM	Diabetes mellitus
DI	Diabetes insipidus
ADH	Antidiuretic hormone
TSH	Thyroid stimulating hormone
PTH	parathyroid hormone
GH	growth hormone
FBS	Fasting blood sugar
HbA1c	Hemoglobin A1C; a blood test that shows the average blood glucose level of the patient over the past 3-4 months
MM	Malignant melanoma
SCC	Squamous cell carcinoma
BCC	Basal cell carcinoma
SLE	Systemic lupus erythematosus
Anhidrosis	Abnormal condition of lacking sweat in response to heat
Diaphoresis	Profuse sweating related to heat and/or exertion of the body’s response to emotional or physical distress
Alopecia	Baldness
Onychomycosis	Abnormal, fungal infection of the nail
Onychocryptosis	‘Hidden’ toenail; ingrown toenail
Albinism	Genetic condition characterized by the deficiency or absence of pigment in the skin
Vitiligo	Autoimmune condition in which the body attacks the melanocytes
Hirsutism	Presence of excessive body hair
The abbreviation for benign prostatic hyperplasia is	BPH
A surgical incision into the urethra for relief of a stricture is a/an _______.	Urethrotomy
The abbreviation for the condition that cause genital warts is	HPV
The abbreviation for a bacterial infection that usually begins in the bladder and can affect all parts of the urinary system is	UTI
An inflammation of the urethra is __________.	Urethritis
The abbreviation for end-stage renal disease is	ESRD
TURP is the abbreviation for _____________________.	Transurethral prostatectomy
The surgical removal of one or both ovaries is a/an	Oophorectomy
The disorder characterized by the presence of stones in the kidney is known as __________.	Nephrolithiasis
A dangerous condition in which a fertilized egg is implanted and begins to develop outside of the uterus is _____________.	Ectopic pregnancy
Which term means excessive urination?	Polyuris
What does the suffix -rrhea mean?	Discharge
Which condition means an accumulation of pus in a fallopian tube?	Pyosalpinx
Which term has a word part that means hidden?	Cryptorchidism
What does the suffix- gravida mean?	Pregnant
Why would a patient have an orchiopexy?	To repair an undescended testicle
What does the combining form salping/o mean?	Fallopian tube
Which test examines urine for abnormalities?	Urinalysis
Which term means inflammation of the bladder?	Cystitis
A patient with bladder cancer has a portion of their bladder removed in a procedure called _____.	Cystectomy
What does the suffix -pareunia mean?	Coitus
Juan rush, who has been trying to have a baby with his partner without success finds out he has a low sperm count. What is the term for Juan's condition?	Oligospermia
Which term contains a suffix that means inflammation?	Nephritis
Which prefix means first?	Primi-
What does the suffix -cele mean?	Hernia
What does the combining form in nephropathy mean?	Kidney
Which form of dialysis filters waste products from the patient’s blood?	Hemodialysis
Which is true of a patient with nocturia?	The patient urinates frequently during the night
What occurs in uterine prolapse?	The uterus drops the vagina
Which term contains the word part that means pertaining to?	Genitourinary
The combining form in ureterolith indicates that this stone is located within the___.	Ureter
Which combining form means urinary bladder?	vesic/o
Joni Wells is experiencing leukorrhea and makes an appointment with her primary care physician. Which term describes leukorrhea?	The uterus discharges whitish mucus.
Which suffix means surgical removal?	ectomy
Which combining form means egg?	o/o
Which term has the word part that means surgical fixation?	Orchiopexy
Which term is also known as an undescended testicle?	Cryptorchidism
What is a surgical incision made to enlarge the opening of the urethral meatus?	Meatotomy
Which term contains a suffix that means the presence of stones?	Nephrolithiasis
Which term contains a word part that means abnormal condition?	Cryptorchidism
What occurs during hyperemesis gravidarum?	Excessive vomiting
What does nephr/o mean?	Kidney
Which combining form means uterus?	hyster/o
What is an inflammation of a fallopian tube?	Salpingitis
Willa French believes she has a urinary tract infection because she feels pain and burning when urinating; the term for difficult or painful urination is ______.	Dysuria
What condition is a result of twisting of the spermatic cord leading into the testicle?	Testicular torsion
What does the combining form in the term cystocele mean?	Bladder
Which word part means deficient?	Hypo-
Nancy Lawless is scheduled for an oophorectomy. What does this term mean?	The surgical removal of one or both ovaries
What term means an inflammation of the lining of the vagina?	Vaginitis
What is the term for a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall in a female?	Cystocele
What is the term for a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall in a female?	Cystocele
Which combining form means testicles?	orchi/o

Created by: katherinaguilar

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