Infection Control Part 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Infectious disease that is always present to some extent in the general population | Endemic
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| Infectious disease that infects a large group of people ina specific population all at once | Epidemic
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| Infectious disease that is so widespread that it affects populations worldwide | Pandemic
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| What is an infection that is contracted while in a hospital or other health care setting? | Health care-associated infection (HAI)
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| What type of chemical is safe to use on the skin to kill pathogens or keep them from growing? | Antiseptic
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| Living thing that cannot be seen with the naked eye; found in air, soil, water, food, plants, animals, and humans | Microbes or Microorganisms
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| Microbes that can cause illness | Pathogens
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| Harmless microbes that help the human body function properly | Normal or resident flora
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| Microbe that can change from harmless to pathogenic | Opportunistic
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| Illnesses caused by viruses | Common cold, flu, COVID-19, fever blisters (herpes simplex), hepatitis, chickenpox (varicella zoster), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
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| Illnesses caused by fungi | Ringworm (Tinea corporis), athlete's foot (Tinea pedis), candidiasis (vaginal yeast infection), thrush (yeast infection in the mouth)
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| Illnesses caused by parasites | Helminths (pinworms, tapeworms, roundworms), protozoa (malaria, amebic dysentery)
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| Illnesses caused by bacteria | Strep throat, E. coli, urinary tract infections, tuberculosis (TB), bacterial meningitis, syphilis
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| Body's defense that help to protect us from all pathogens | Nonspecific defense mechanisms
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| Nonspecific defense mechanisms | Healthy intact skin, mucous membranes, stomach acid, tears, the acts of coughing and sneezing, leukocytes
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| Specialized proteins developed by the immune system to help fight off specific microbes | Antibodies
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| Medication that is able to kill bacteria or make it difficult for them to reproduce and grow | Antibiotics
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| Possible signs of infection | Increase in body temperature; Rapid pulse, respiratory rate, or change in BP; Pain, coughing, or difficulty breathing;
Redness, swelling, or pain; Foul-smelling, or cloudy urine;
Pain or difficulty urinating; Diarrhea or foul-smelling feces;
Nausea or
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| Nonliving objects that are capable of transmitting diseases | Fomites
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| Living creatures that can transmit diseases | Vectors
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| When a noninfected person makes physical contact with an infected person, or inhales or ingests droplets exhaled by the infected person | Direct transmission
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| When a noninfected person comes into contact with a nonliving object that has been contaminated by a pathogen | Indirect transmission
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| Illness caused by a pathogen | Infection
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| For a person to get a communicable infection, six key conditions must be present, known as .... | The chain of infection
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| Diseases that can be spread from one person to another | Communicable diseases
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| An infection that can be easily transmitted from one person to another through casual contact | Contagious infection
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| A place that is suitable for a pathogen's survival | Reservoir
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| The way that a pathogen leaves the reservoir | Portal of exit
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| The way a pathogen physically gets from one person to another | Method of transmission
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| The method by which a pathogen enters the new person's body | Portal of entry
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| The very young or old, poor general health, stress and fatigue, indwelling medical devices | Risk factors that make a person more susceptible to get an infection
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| Disease-producing microbe that is transmitted to another person through blood or other body fluids | Bloodborne pathogen
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| Blood, urine, feces, vomitus, saliva, wound drainage, sweat, semen, vaginal secretions, tears, cerebrospinal fluid, amniotic fluid, and breast milk | Body fluids
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| Inflammation of the liver | Hepatitis
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| People who are infected with a virus but do not show symptoms | Carriers
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