HCT Med-Surg Acid/Base imbalance
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| show | 7.35 - 7.45
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| Intracellular fluid | show 🗑
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| show | 35% (9% intravascular, 26% interstitial)
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| Normal Na range | show 🗑
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| Hyponatremia | show 🗑
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| show | >145 mEq/L
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| show | 3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L
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| Hypokalemia | show 🗑
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| show | >5.0 mEq/L
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| Normal serum Ca (calcium) | show 🗑
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| Normal total Ca (calcium) | show 🗑
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| show | 50/50
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| show | protein
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| Hypocalcemia | show 🗑
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| show | >10.5 mg/dL (total) >5.6 mEq/L (serum)
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| Ca requires | show 🗑
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| Ca plays a role in | show 🗑
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| Na regulates | show 🗑
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| K is major electrolyte in | show 🗑
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| Na is major electrolyte in | show 🗑
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| show | conduction of nerve impulses & helps maintain neuromuscular activity
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| Mg+ (magnesium) normal range | show 🗑
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| Hypomagnesemia | show 🗑
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| Hypermagnesemia | show 🗑
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| PO4 (phosphate) normal range | show 🗑
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| show | <1.7 mEq/L (most commonly respitory alkalosis, intense prolonged hyperventilation)
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| Hyperphosphatemia | show 🗑
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| Cl (chloride) normal range | show 🗑
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| show | <95 mEq/L (most commonly vomiting, gastric suction, gastric surg)
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| show | >106 mEq/L (dehydration)
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| show | attempt to maintain normal pH range.
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| show | diffusion of water higher to lower concentration
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| show | dissolved substances forced through cell membranes by hydrostatic pressure
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| Diffusion | show 🗑
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| show | cells swell
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| hypertonic solution | show 🗑
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| show | cells do not change
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| show | insensible 300 - 400 mL/day same as lungs
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| Total fluid loss/day | show 🗑
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| Lung fluid loss | show 🗑
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| GI tract | show 🗑
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| Kidney fluid loss | show 🗑
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| show | in maintaining fluid balance
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| ADH (antidiuretic hormone) | show 🗑
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| Aldosterone | show 🗑
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| PCO2 or PaCO2 | show 🗑
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| show | bicarbonate
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| show | 35 - 45 mmHg at sea level
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| Respitory acidosis | show 🗑
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| show | increased blood pH, decreased CO2
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| Metabolic acidosis | show 🗑
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| show | increased blood pH, HCO3 & CO2
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| show | thirst
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| Normal HCO3 (bicarbonate) | show 🗑
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| show | 5-25 mg/dL
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| show | 0.5 - 1.5 mg/dL
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| show | 6.0 - 8.0 g/dL
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| Normal albumin | show 🗑
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| Blood < 7.35 | show 🗑
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| show | alkalosis
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| PCO2 > 45 | show 🗑
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| show | respiratory alkalosis
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| show | metabolic alkalosis
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| show | metabolic acidosis
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| show | Resp. acidosis
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| show | Resp. acidosis
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| show | Resp. acidosis
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| show | Resp. acidosis
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| Resp. acidosis | show 🗑
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| show | Resp. alkalosis
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| Hypoxia | show 🗑
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| show | Resp. alkalosis
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| show | Resp. alkalosis
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| Diabetic Ketoacidosis | show 🗑
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| show | Metabolic acidosis
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| show | Metabolic acidosis
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| show | Metabolic acidosis
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| Shock | show 🗑
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| show | Metabolic alkalosis
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| Excessive NG suctioning | show 🗑
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| show | Metabolic alkalosis
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| show | increased heart rate, hypotension, atrial tachcardia, dizziness, respiratory failure, irrability, confusion, tetany, muscle cramps, seizures
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| show | Hypotension, cold clammy skin, dysrhythmias, kussmaul's , drowsiness, h/a, confusion, N&V
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| Resp. alkalosis | show 🗑
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