Weather Vocabulary Word Scramble
U R T S D I O S E T A E H L
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| Term | Definition |
| horse latitudes | a belt of calm air and sea occurring in both the northern and southern hemispheres between the trade winds and the westerlies. |
| warm front | Fronts that form when/where warm air moves over cold air |
| greenhouse effect | the trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet's surface. |
| Coriolis Effect | an effect whereby a mass moving in a rotating system experiences a force acting perpendicular to the direction of motion and to the axis of rotation. |
| land breeze | a breeze that blows toward the water from a piece of land; cooler air on land runs off the land toward the warm air on the water |
| temperature | a measure of the average amount of kinetic energy of particles |
| low pressure system | an area of low air pressure where air rises; as it rises the air cools |
| polar easterlies | global winds that blow between 60 degrees and the poles; curve slightly west, produce snow and freezing weather |
| humidity | the amount of water vapor in the air |
| convection | the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat |
| occluded front | a warm and cold front mixed together |
| cirrus | wispy clouds made of ice crystals |
| dew point | the atmospheric temperature (varying according to pressure and humidity) below which water droplets begin to condense and dew can form. |
| exosphere | the outermost region of Earth's atmosphere; top half of thermosphere |
| front | a boundary that forms between air masses |
| thermal expansion | the increase in volume that occurs because of an increase in temperature |
| atmosphere | the envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet |
| wind | the movement of air caused by differences in air pressure |
| radiation | the transfer of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves |
| valley breeze | when the air in a valley flows up to the mountain slopes because there is higher pressure in the valley |
| relative humidity | the amount of water vapor in the air compared to the amount of water vapor it takes to reach saturation |
| ozone layer | a layer of ozone that is located in the middle of the stratosphere that protects us from harmful radiation |
| global wind | wind systems that are a product of the Coriolis Effect; occurring globally at or near Earth's surface |
| air mass | a body of air with horizontally uniform temperature, humidity, and pressure |
| sea breeze | a cool breeze coming off of a body of water; cooler air runs off water towards the warmer land |
| condensation | the process in which vapor changes into a liquid |
| ionosphere | the layer of the earth's atmosphere that contains a high concentration of ions and free electrons and is able to reflect radio waves.; lower layer of the thermosphere |
| thermal energy | the total amount of kinetic energy in particles |
| westerlies | global winds that blow between 30 and 60 degrees; tend to curve east |
| weather | the condition of the earth's atmosphere at a certain time and place |
| Doldrums | an equatorial region of the Atlantic Ocean with calms, sudden storms, and light unpredictable winds. |
| troposphere | the lowest layer of the atmosphere where all weather occurs |
| stratosphere | the layer of the atmosphere above the troposphere and below the mesosphere; planes fly there; contains ozone layer |
| cold front | Fronts that form when/where cold air moves under warm air |
| trade winds | global winds that blow between 30 degrees and the equator; curve slightly west |
| mountain breeze | when the air along the mountain slopes cools and sinks into the valley |
| local wind | the movement of air over short distances |
| stratus | spread out clouds formed in flat layers; low stratus can cause rain and block out the sun |
| high pressure system | an area of high air pressure where air slowly sinks down, spreading toward areas of low pressure |
| heat | the energy that is transferred between objects that are at different temperatures |
| runoff | the draining away of water (or substances carried in it) from the surface of an area of land, a building or structure, etc. |
| air pressure | the force exerted by air, whether compressed or unconfined, on any surface in contact with it |
| conduction | the process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted through a substance when there is a difference of temperature or of electrical potential between adjoining regions, without movement of the material |
| thermosphere | the uppermost layer of the atmosphere; contains ionosphere and exosphere |
| cumulus | a cloud forming rounded masses heaped on each other above a flat base at fairly low altitude. |
| precipitation | any form of water that falls to earth's surface from the clouds |
| stationary front | Fronts that form when cold and warm air stops moving; causes many days of unchanging weather |
| jet stream | narrow belts of high speed winds that blow from west to east |
| mesosphere | the layer of the atmosphere just above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere; located higher than planes can fly; destroys meteors before they hit the lithosphere |
| evaporation | the process of turning from liquid into vapor: |
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