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Chapter 4 Fill In The Blanks

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In each blank, try to type in the word that is missing. If you've typed in the correct word, the blank will turn green.

If your not sure what answer should be entered, press the space bar and the next missing letter will be displayed.

When you are all done, you should look back over all your answers and review the ones in red. These ones in red are the ones which you needed help on.
Question: epithelial Answer: covers body surfaces or tissues and lines body cavities in order to protect and control permeability, forms glands for secretion, gametes for , and some sensory tissues (smell, hearing, vision, touch)
Question: general of epithelial tissueAnswer: closely packed cells with little or no interstitial material (cells are bound to eachother by cell junctions such as tight junctions,desmosomes, and gap )cells are arranged in continuous sheets (single or multi-layered) polarity 1 free (apical) s
Question: closely packed cells with or no interstitial material is characteristic of...Answer: tissue
Question: cells are arranged in continous sheets single or -layered is characteristic of..Answer: epithelial
Question: polarity- 1 free (apical) side of cell faces an open area and the opposite surface (basal) lays on a non-living membrane" is characteristic of...Answer: tissue
Question: avuscularityAnswer: no blood
Question: is characteristic of...Answer: epithelial
Question: high regenerative capacity is of..Answer: tissue
Question: of shapes from flat (squamous) to columnar is characteristic of..Answer: epithelial
Question: simple squamous Answer: single, falt layer as in tiled floorfound where rapid movement of materials across is important,
Question: endotheliumAnswer: heart, blood and lymphatic vessels, forms capillary walls
Question: mesotheliumAnswer: lines thoracic and abdominopelvic , covers organs within these cavities
Question: simple epitheliumAnswer: as closely fitted polygons, function in secretion and absorption,
Question: columnar epitheliumAnswer: cells are rectangular with nuclei near basefunction in absorption and secretionfree surface is often modified with microvilli, cilia, or as cells
Question: simple epithelium ex.Answer: air sacs of lungs, filtering part of
Question: cuboidal epithelium ex.Answer: lining kidney tubules, secreting of glands and their ducts
Question: columnar epithelium ex.Answer: lining the digestive tract from the stomach to rectum, upper tract, lining ventricle of brain
Question: psudostratified columnar Answer: appearance is that of multilayered tissue, but it is not-cells are different heights and nuclei vary in their levels, may be
Question: columnar epithelium ex.Answer: lines major portions of upper respiratory and certain ducts of male reproductive system
Question: squamous epiitheliumAnswer: superficial layers, cells are flat deeper cells, vary from cuboidal to columnarfunctions in protective rolekeratinized (outer layer of cells is filled with the protei keratin which protects against heat, , and chemicals, resistant to friction)non
Question: cuboidal epitheliumAnswer: raregenerally only 2 layersfunctions for
Question: stratified cuboidal Answer: of sweat glands, male urethra
Question: stratified epitheliumAnswer: raresurface are columnar, underlying cells varyfunctions for protection and secretion
Question: stratified epitheium ex.Answer: urethra, of salivary glands, milk ducts in mammary glands
Question: transitional Answer: much like a cuboidal epitheliumbasal cellsare cuboidal, surface cells are dome shaped or squamous liketissue can be stretched without pulling cells apart
Question: transitional exAnswer: the ureters, urinary bladder
Question: glandular epithelium 2 types of Answer: glandsexocrine glands
Question: endocrine Answer: secrete into the blood stream
Question: glandsAnswer: secrete products into a duct or
Question: serous Answer: a solution contining enzymes
Question: glandsAnswer: glycoproteins that and lubricate
Question: mixed Answer: and mucous (saliva)
Question: holocrineAnswer: cell ruptures
Question: holocrine Answer: sebaceous (oil) of skin
Question: Answer: apex of cell is off
Question: ex.Answer: mammary
Question: Answer: most common, secretion by
Question: ex.Answer: , salivary, and sweat glands
Question: unicellularAnswer: no duct is used (goblet )
Question: multicellular-simple or Answer: -duct is unbranched although secretory part might becompound-duct branches
Question: simple Answer: tubular (intestines, )acinar-secretory part is rounded or flask-shaped (male reproductive tract, sebaceous (oil) glands)
Question: multicellularAnswer: (kidneys, liver, testes)acinar (pacreas)tubuloacinar (salivary)
Question: tissueAnswer: most tissue, found everywhere
Question: function of tissueAnswer: binds, supports, other tissues, protects, insulates, compartmentalizes structures, transports (blood), immunity
Question: general characteristics of connective Answer: vascularization varies from none to muchcells are scattered with a secreted non-living intercellular matrix found between them
Question: Answer: may be to firm to rigid
Question: ground substance of Answer: glycosaminoglycans such as acid
Question: fibers of Answer: collagenous, , reticular
Question: collagenous Answer: tough, , thick bundle of fibers formed by many subunits wound together like a rope; flexible and strong
Question: Answer: and wavy, yellow, made of protein elastin which gives it elastic properties
Question: reticularAnswer: thin, a type of thin fibers, forms networks
Question: cells in tissueAnswer: fibroblasts, chondroblasts, osteoblastsform the ground substance and produce the
Question: cell types in various c.t.'sAnswer: -mature formfat cells-adipocytesmesenchymal cells
Question: non c.t. Answer: macrophages-engulf debris and bacteriaplasma cells-form antibodiesmast cell-releases which initiates inflammatory responses
Question: types of connective Answer: embryonic, tissues proper
Question: embryonicAnswer: mesenchyme (source of all other connective ), mucous connective tissue (located in the umbilical cord of a fetus)
Question: connective properAnswer: more or less fluid matrix with all three of fibers and many cell types scattered througout the matrix
Question: loose connective Answer: areoloar-universal material, adipose, reticular
Question: areoloar Answer: ground substance, all 3 fiber types loosely arranged, most of the cell types listed
Question: (fat)Answer: padding, cushions shock, insulator against heat loss, packing, filling and functions
Question: characteristicsAnswer: store triglycerides occupy majority of cell volumefound anywehre areolar tissues is located
Question: characteristicsAnswer: forms framework of many , liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrowanalogy is the honeycomb
Question: connective tissuesAnswer: much higher density of fibers and cellsdense regular, dense irregular, elastic connective tissue
Question: regularAnswer: collagenous fibers arranged in same tendons and most ligaments
Question: irregularAnswer: collagen fibers are interwoven to provide strengtrh in tissues pulled in different directionsmembranes around kidney, , liver, testes, deep fascia, periosteum, dermis of the skin
Question: elastic connective Answer: elastic fibers outnumber collagenous fibersvery elastic in propertyvocal chords in , walls of arteries, trachea, bronchial tubes, ligaments between vertebrae
Question: c.t.'sAnswer: cartilage, bone, , muscle tissue, nervous tissue
Question: cartilage Answer: matrix more gel-like due to chondroitin sulfates dense collagenous and elastic fibers, no blood vessels, no nerve fiberscells are and chondrocytes and are found embedded in matrix in lacunae (spaces)
Question: cartilageAnswer: flexibility and supportbluish-white, glossy fibrils dispersed, most abundant cartilage, found at joints of long , embryonic skeleton, helps form nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi
Question: Answer: strength and rigiditycourse collagenous make it rigidsymphysis of pubic and discs between vertebrae
Question: elastic Answer: strength and stretchnumerous fibers make it very flexible, maintains shape of organs, epiglottis, external ear, auditory tubes
Question: Answer: intercellular matrix contains mineral salts (calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate) which makes it quite (osteoblasts and osteocytes) are in lacunae which are often arranged in concentric layers called lamellae
Question: connective tissuesAnswer: , lymph
Question: blood connective Answer: 3 types of , red, white, and platelets surrounded by fluid intercellular material
Question: lymph connective Answer: fluid which forms as interstitial fluid enters special ...cells are almost entirely lymphocytes
Question: membranesAnswer: flat of flexible tissue that line or cover structures
Question: membranesAnswer: combination of epithelial layer and underlying tissue layer
Question: membraneAnswer: lines body cavities open to exterior (digestive, respiratory, , reproductive)
Question: membraneAnswer: lines body cavities not open to exterior and organs within those cavities
Question: Answer: system
Question: synovial Answer: areoloar connective tissue with elastic fibers and fat-line the of joints, no epithelium
Question: muscle 1 basic functionAnswer:
Question: three types of muscle Answer: skeletal, , or voluntaryvesceral, smooth, or involuntarycardiac
Question: skeletal, , or voluntaryAnswer: cells are large, cylindrical in shape and multinucleatedcells are into distinct muscle groups and are associated with tendons
Question: , smooth, or involuntary (associated with organs)Answer: cells are , tapered at the ends and are mononucleated
Question: Answer: striated, involuntary, found only within the walls of the heart, cells are cynlindrical and striated but usually feature is that cells are interconnected by branches
Question: nervous Answer: functioning cells are neurons, cells are neuroglial cells
Question: neuronsAnswer: scarttered and by support cellstransmit electrical impulses for the purposes of communication and control
Question: cellsAnswer: provide physical protection and involved in the transmission of impulses
 
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