In each blank, try to type in the
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If your not sure what answer should be entered, press the space bar and the next missing letter will be displayed. When you are all done, you should look back over all your answers and review the ones in red. These ones in red are the ones which you needed help on. Term: mechanical Definition: damage to body tissue Term: nociceptionDefinition: pain triggers reactions from tissue damage
Term: A-delta Definition: small, myelinated fibers that transmit pain/ first pain
Term: C-fibersDefinition: unmyelinated that transmit dull, aching pain/ secondary pain
Term: A-beta Definition: diameter myelinated fibres that transmit info about vibration and position Term: SPADefinition: -Produced Analgesia Term: neurochemical basis of SPA effect is opioidsDefinition: Beta-endorphnis, Proenkephalin, Term: 3 types of painDefinition: chronic benign pain, recurrent acute pain, chronic progressive Term: chronic pain develop maladaptive coping strategies such asDefinition: thinking, social withdrawal Term: pain work with Definition: acute but not pain Term: the “neurotic : Definition: MMPI profiles in which the first three scales are all elevated (Depression, , and Hypochondriasis). Seen in highly neurotic individuals. Term: triad profile elevates....Definition: after the of chronic pain rather than being a precursor Term: Counterirritation: Definition: Inhibiting pain in one part of the body by stimulating or irritating another area Term: Definition: a method of achieving control over bodily processes ; used to treat disorders such as, temporomandibular joint pain, hypertension and a broad array of pains Term: Does work?Definition: only modest efficacy in reducing pain Term: Does work?Definition: distinct from placebos and activate -order brain regions Term: :Definition: one of the oldest techniques for Term: Hypnotherapy has controlled...Definition: irritable bowel syndrome, acute pain due to surgery, childbirth, procedures, burns, headaches and medical procedures, Cancer pain Term: Does distraction work for pain ?
Definition: is effective but most in conjunction with other techniques Term: Coping :Definition: some CBT techniques, focus on sensory aspects of the pain and not the pain itself, active coping skills, expressive writing Term: Components of chronic pain management Definition: education, training and group therapy, involvement of , evaluation of pain management program
Term: change in headache pain pre to post treatment showed:Definition: and biofeedback -60; Biofeedback only -45; Relaxation only -38; placebo biofeedback -20 Term: of life includesDefinition: objective functioning and subjective wellbeing of both and mental being Term: How strongly are measures related to quality of lifeDefinition: Term: Quality of life may be in a of crisis duringDefinition: and initial phases Term: DenialDefinition: can be and protective in earliest stage Term: Depression:Definition: has an impact on the overall prospects for or recovery Term: :Definition: can lead patients to make decisions about their care Term: Depression is more inDefinition: with physical limitations Term: Positive Definition: Hope and optimism can occur, particularly if feels they escaped death, Many come to reorganize their priorities in a meaningful way such as focusing on relationships more Term: benefit is associated withDefinition: better functioning psychologically and in and living Term: Self- Definition: is a stable set of beliefs about one’s qualities and . Term: Self-esteemDefinition: refers to an evaluation of the self-concept as good or Term: have some primary stressors:Definition: fear and about the future, limitations in physical abilities, appearance, and lifestyle, pain management Term: coping strategies work?Definition: active coping and coping with positive Term: Somatic SyndromeDefinition: chronic syndrome (1.4% canadians) Term: Functional SyndromeDefinition: irritable bowel Term: Somatic SyndromeDefinition: fibromyalgia (1.5% ) Term: #1 of death ages 1-15Definition: (drowning, poisoning, injuries, falls, motor vehicle) Term: #2 of death ages 1-15Definition: Cancer, especially Term: young children (< 5 ) understand death asDefinition: associated with sleep, not as something final and Term: children 5-9 years understand asDefinition: , but do not understand biological death Term: at ages 9 or 10 understand death Definition: universal and Term: #1 cause of ages 15-24Definition: Unintentional injury (especially car ) Term: Premature death before projected age of 81 due toDefinition: attach or stroke Term: Death in old age is due to Definition: disease Term: The facotrs that predict decline in areDefinition: psychosocial Term: What is a Good ?:Definition: free from suffering - 11 core themes Term: What is a Good ?:Definition: pain free, religiosity/spirituality, preferences, Dignity, family, positive relationship with provider, quality of life, emotional wellbeing, sense of life completion, preferences for the dying process Term: -Ross’s 5 stages of adjustment to deathDefinition: , anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance Term: Kϋbler-Ross’s 5 of adjustment to death does not fully acknowledgeDefinition: the importance of Term: Definition: those who study death and dying, suggest behavioural and -behavioural therapies. clinical thanatology involves symbolic immortality. Term: CHD Coronary Heart Definition: Second leading of death Term: CHD Heart DiseaseDefinition: of modernization—tied to current lifestyles Term: CHD Coronary Heart Definition: may be by inflammatory processes, high blood pressure, diabetes, cigarette smoking, obesity, high serum cholesterol level and low levels of physical activity Term: CHD Heart DiseaseDefinition: Risk factors include high pressure, diabetes, stress, inactivity, high cholesterol Term: CHD Heart DiseaseDefinition: a general term referring to illnesses caused by atherosclerosis, the narrowing of arteries, the vessels that supply the heart with blood Term: What contributes to CDH (Coronary Heart ?)Definition: low in socioeconomic (SES), chronic and acute stress have all been linked Term: CHD Heart DiseaseDefinition: leading killer of in the Canada and most developed countries Term: How does effect CHDDefinition: Higher levels of HDL when younger protects & lowers sympathetic NS arousal Term: How does depression effect Definition: tied to elevated C-reactive (marker of inflammation) Term: Interventions for CHD risk Definition: dietary intervention, stop smoking programs, aerobic exercise, relaxation training, speech style interventions (to hostility) Term: for CHDDefinition: Beta-adrenergic blocking agents—resist NS activation, Aspirin is commonly prescribed—thins , decreases clots. Statins—for cholesterol Term: of hypertensionDefinition: 90% is essential (unknown), 5% is by failure of the kidneys Term: blood pressure is Definition: the greatest developed during contraction of the heart Term: : Definition: is the pressure in arteries when the heart is Term: Which has a value in diagnosing hypertensionDefinition: systolic Term: of hypertensionDefinition: early blood reactivity is a predictor.. genetic factors and emotional factors Term: is associated with hypertension in...Definition: Asian Canadians because their traditional lifestyle to maintain Term: of hypertension:Definition: low-sodium diet , reduction of alcohol, weight-reduction, exercise, caffeine , CBT Term: Drug treatments for Definition: Diuretics – decrease volume of blood. Beta-adrenergic blockers & vasodilators, central adrenergic , Statins Term: "the disease"Definition: Hypertension (often ) Term: StrokeDefinition: 3rd leading of death in Canada Term: Definition: Disturbance in blood flow to the brain and is for nearly 14,000 Canadian deaths each year Term: StrokeDefinition: occur when blood flow to localized areas in the brain is interrupted due to or hypertension Term: Risk for Stroke overlap withDefinition: disease Term: Risk for Stroke overlap withDefinition: high blood pressure, heart disease, cigarette smoking, high red cell count and transient ischemic attacks Term: Consequences of :Definition: affects all aspects of life—personal, social, vocational and physical Term: Consequences of :Definition: motor problems, cognitive problems. emotional , relationship problems Term: Types of rehabilitative interventions for Definition: psychotherapy and treatment of depression, cognitive-remedial training, movement , structured, stimulating environments to challenge Term: DiabetesDefinition: chronic condition of impaired carbohydrates, protein, and fat that results from insufficient secretion of insulin or from insulin resistance Term: Diabetes increases risk Definition: Heart by 2-4X & kidney failure Term: Diabetes increases risk Definition: Blindness (leading cause), blood vessel , diabetic neuropathy (nerve damage) Term: Risk for diabetesDefinition: overweight, over 65, apple shaped, little excercise, high blood pressure, genetics, high risk group (indigenous, black, latin, asian, pacific islander) Term: Type I Definition: insulin-dependent, abrupt onset of symptoms resulting from lack of insulin production by the beta cells of the pancreas, result of viral infection, autoimmune reactions, and Term: Type II Definition: Non-insulin dependent, A disorder of middle-age, striking those over age 40, major contributor, Term: Type II are sensitive to Definition: Stress. Lack of social even more problematic
Term: Managing Type II :Definition: must reduce sugar and carbohydrate , encouraged to achieve normal weight, encouraged to exercise Term: Interventions with :Definition: cognitive-behavioural interventions to improve adherence to regimen, weight control improves glycemic control, behaviour mod Term: Old knowledge diet includesDefinition: increase nutrition, decrease unhealthy substances (eg triglycerides), while looking at health signs like , diabetes and cholesterol Term: resistanceDefinition: Sugar demands pancreas to produce insulin to tame glucose levels. System to wear out, increasing with age Term: The syndromeDefinition: heart disease, lipid problems, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dementia, cancer, polycystic syndrome, fatty liver disease Term: Gluten triggers the of Definition: (controls gut permeability) Term: What is ?: Definition: Interactions among behavioural , and immunological process of adaptation Term: of immune functioning:Definition: cells and antibodies, A state of Immunocompetence - immune is working effectively Term: the system of the bodyDefinition: The system: Term: The immune :Definition: humoral and cell-mediated Term: Interventions to immune functioning: Definition: Relaxation (research higher NK cell activity after relaxation intervention) Term: The immune may be vulnerable to..Definition: stress, depression and grief (permanently affect the immune system in ways that persist into ) Term: Autoimmune Definition: Grave’s disease, chronic active hepatitis, inflammation of the liver, lupus, inflammation of tissue, M.S. destruction of myelin sheath, rheumatoid arthritis, IBD, such as Crohns or ulcerative colitis and Type 1 diabetes Term: History of Acquired Immune Deficiency (AIDS)Definition: first appearance is unknown, began in Africa, 1970s & spread rapidly. First diagnosed case in Canada 1982 Term: The viral in AIDS isDefinition: a retrovirus (Human immunodeficiency virus - HIV) - helper T-cells, highly variable time between contracting and developing symptoms Term: How HIV progresses:Definition: mild early symptoms - flu like 3-6 weeks - then asymptomatic (Can be many years), immune system increasingly compromised, opportunist infections (kaposi sarcoma, gynecologic infection) Term: for HIVDefinition: highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
- from advancing to AIDS Term: Negative beliefs about self is withDefinition: in helper T cells Term: CancerDefinition: Dysfunction of DNA-part of cellular programming that cell growth and reproduction Term: Why is hard to study?Definition: many are species-specific, develop in different ways in different species, many cancers have long/irregular growth cycles, high within-species variability Term: What leads to ?Definition: genetic basis, ethnically linked, lifestyle, SES risks, malnourishment, , repressive coping, Term: Mechanisms linking , coping and cancer:Definition: stress lowers ability of NK cells to destroy tumours, alterations in biological stress regulatory pathways may affect course of cancer Term: Physical of cancerDefinition: pain and discomfort, down-regulation of system, fatigue Term: -related problems of cancerDefinition: problems, surgical removal of organs, body image concerns, use of prosthesis, nausea and vomiting, immune suppression
Term: Rheumatoid (RA):Definition: form of arthritis believed to result from an autoimmune process - affects small joints of hands, feet, wrists, knees, ankles and neck Term: Arthritis (RA) in those age 65+....... 50-65...... 35-49... 18-34Definition: 45%.... 27%....... 9.7%....... 2.8% Term: Treatment of Definition: , rest, supervised exercise, cognitive-behavioural interventions, enhancement of perceived self-efficacy Term: Definition: Most common form of arthritis in Canada - 4.4 in 2010 Term: OsteoarthritisDefinition: obesity is the only modifiable risk Term: OsteoarthritisDefinition: the articular cartilage (smooth lining of a joint) begins to crack or wear away because of Term: Definition: affects -bearing joints Term: Treatment for Definition: keeping weight down, exercise, aspirin Term: GoutDefinition: build-up of uric acid , treated by diet, fluids and exercise Term: Definition: skin rash can on the face, leading to chronic inflammation, pain, heat, redness and swelling Term: what to greater expectancy for pain in the future?Definition: memory of intensity of previous (versus the actual pai intensity) Term: pain Definition: facial and audible expressions, distortions in posture or gait, affect, avoidance of activity Term: Chronic painDefinition: persists longer than 6 months, to treatment (ex chronic low back pain) Term: Recurrent painDefinition: series of episodes that are acute but chronic (ex - migraines) Term: Chronic progressive Definition: persists than 6 months, increases in severity over time Term: subjective reports of health have been to predict objective measures such as Definition: cortisol responses to stress, and mortality Term: One of the most parts of evaluating quality of life isDefinition: psychological Term: most benefits reported by myocardial infarction patients involved....... cancer patients reported changes in....Definition: lifestyle changes/health ...... social relationships & meaning of life Term: self -Definition: stable set of beliefs about one's and attributes Term: self Definition: evaluation of self concept (feel good or bad) Term: Aspect of cancer patients find most Definition: 41% uncertainty about , 24% limitations, 12% pain management Term: Chronic illness use moreDefinition: Passive coping strategies (positive , escape) than active (planning, problem solving, confrontative coping) Term: In with chronic illness, divorce rates areDefinition: the Term: why does compromise the health of a caregiver? Definition: Term: Who has a burden of diseaseDefinition: women due to burden of household responsibilities Term: A difference in psychotherapy done with patients Definition: likely to be episodic than continuous Term: A in psychotherapy done with medical patients Definition: collaboration with family and Dr. & must have comprehensive knowledge of illness and treatment Term: A difference in done with medical patients Definition: More frequently requires respect for ' defences Term: Main cause of infant death in Definition: congenital abnormalities & Term: Leading cause of in Canadian children after first yearDefinition: accidents/ external Term: Second leading cause of death in Canadian after first yearDefinition: Cancer Term: Major cause of in adolescence Definition: , especially automobile Term: leading cause of death in adolescenceDefinition: suicide (followed by then homicide) Term: Major cause of death in adulthoodDefinition: attack or stroke Term: It is best to keep blood pressure underDefinition: 120.... between 140-159=hypertension Term: left stroke damage includesDefinition: communication disorders, learning new tasks, short term memory tasks, anxiety and depression Term: Right brain stroke includesDefinition: visual feedback problems, reading problems, alexithymia, emotional reaction Term: Many interventions to treatment adherence includeDefinition: increasing awareness or / information ..... for Term: two approaches to indicate immune functioningDefinition: measuring numbers of different kinds of cells in the immune system by at blood samples., and assessing the functioning of immune cells |
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