In each blank, try to type in the
word that is missing. If you've
typed in the correct word, the
blank will turn green.
If your not sure what answer should be entered, press the space bar and the next missing letter will be displayed. When you are all done, you should look back over all your answers and review the ones in red. These ones in red are the ones which you needed help on. Question: Small Answer: organ in which most chemical digestion and most absorption occur; extends from pyloric region of stomach to cecum of large ; longest organ of digestive tract; subdivisions are duodenum, jejunum, ileum Question: DuodenumAnswer: subdivision of small intestine; extends from pyloric sphincter to constitute about the first 10 of small intestine; receives enzymes from pancreas via pancreatic duct, receives bile from liver & gallbladder via common bile duct Question: Answer: middle portion of intestine; makes up superior left coils of small intestine Question: IleumAnswer: (distal) and longest portion of small intestine; makes up inferior right coils of small intestine; joined to cecum of large intestine at ileocecal valve Question: Ileocecal Answer: located at junction of ileum of small intesting and cecum of large intestine; movement of food residue from small intestine to large intestine Question: Hepatopancreatic Answer: bulb formed by pancreatic duct and bile duct they enter wall of duodenum; opens into duodenal lumen via major duodenal papilla Question: Circular folds/plicae , villi, microvilliAnswer: structural features of small that greatly increase its surface area and thus account for small intestine’s extensive absorptive capacity Question: Circular /Plicae circularesAnswer: circular wrinkles in small lining; increase surface area for absorption Question: Answer: about 1mm high; -like projections of small intestine mucosa; give it velvety appearance/feel; covered w/ layer of simple columnar epithelium; core is made of lamina propria; each contains network of blood capillaries and lymphatic capillary/lacteal Question: Answer: tiny, microscopic, bristle-like of upper surface of mucosal epithelial cells; significantly amplify surface area of epithelial cells, thus enhancing nutrient absorption Question: Goblet Answer: in lining epithelium of small intestine; secrete a coating of mucus onto internal surface of both and large intestine Question: Enteroendocrine of duodenumAnswer: cells in lining epithelium of small intestine; secrete hormones including cholecystokinin, stimulates gallbladder to release stored bile Question: CholecystokininAnswer: hormone secreted by enteroendocrine cells of duocenum; stimulates gallbladder to stored bile Question: Intestinal glands/intestinal crypts/crypts of Answer: indentations of cells in between villi; epithelial cells in these indentations secrete intestinal juice and renew mucosal epithelium by undergoing rapid mitosis and moving continuously into the villi Question: Aggregated lymphoid nodules/Peyer’s in ileumAnswer: lymphoid tissue in lamina propria and submucosa of & large intestine; keeps large numbers of bacteria in the lumen of small and large intestines from getting out of hand. Question: Intestinal Answer: normal permanent bacterial residents of intestinal lumen of both small and large intestines; produce some essential vitamins including vitamin K and some B which the intestines absorb Question: Large Answer: larger in diameter than intestine, but shorter; extends from ileum of small intestine to anus; absorbs water, some electrolytes, some components of bile, some vitamins; eliminates indigestible food residue as feces Question: valveAnswer: located at junction of ileum and ; regulates movement of food residue from small intestine into large intestine Question: Cecum, appendix, colon, rectum, anal Answer: subdivisions of intestine Question: Answer: sac-like beginning of large intestine in the lower, right portion of cavity Question: (vermiform appendix)Answer: , worm-shaped tubular structure attached to cecum; contains lymphoid tissue to combat bacteria, but an excessive accumulation of bacteria can cause inflammation Question: Answer: inflammation of appendix due to excessive accumulation of bacteria; prone to rupture, could cause extremely large number of bacteria to be released into abdominal cavity, which can lead to peritonitis Question: ColonAnswer: includes ascending, transverse, descending, and portions Question: Ascending Answer: of colon; from cecum extends up right side of abdominal cavity and makes turn near liver called hepatic flexure Question: flexureAnswer: turn of colon near the liver Question: colonAnswer: portion of colon extending horizontally across abdominal cavity from hepatic flexure to a turn near the called the splenic flexure Question: flexureAnswer: turn of transverse colon near Question: Descending Answer: portion of colon; extends down left side of abdominal cavity from flexure and to sigmoid colon Question: Sigmoid Answer: portion of colon shaped somewhat like “S” that extends from descending colon to rectum in posterior pelvic cavity Question: Answer: subdivision of large intestine; extends straight down through the pelvic cavity to anal canal Question: Anal Answer: subdivision of large intestine; extends the length of about 1.5” from end of to anus; surrounded by external anal sphincter and internal anal sphincter Question: External anal Answer: anal sphincter consisting of skeletal muscle, so can be controlled Question: Internal anal Answer: anal consisting of smooth muscle; cannot be voluntarily controlled Question: Teniae Answer: three longitudinal strips along colon; contain smooth muscle, so have muscle tone and cause the colon to pouch-up into pucker-like units called haustra (sing. ) Question: Answer: abnormal protrusions/outward herniations of mucosa through colon wall caused by greater exertion of pressure due to lack of fiber in diet; can result in diverticulosis or if inflamed or infected Question: DefecationAnswer: mass peristaltic movements that move feces into rectum and anal canal, and relaxation of anal sphincters Question: HemorrhoidsAnswer: of veins in anal canal; result from straining to defecate or deliver a baby |
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