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AlisaB (#7)

Plain & Simple Guide - Questions and Answers

QuestionAnswer
How many body systems of the human organism are there? Eleven (11).
What are the components of the Integumentary system? The skin and associated structures such as hair, nails, sweat glands, and oil glands.
What are the components of the Skeletal system? The bones and joints and associated cartilages.
What are the components of the Muscular system? The skeletal muscle tissue, usually attached to bones.
What are the components of the Nervous system? The brain, spinal cord and nerves.
What are the components of the Cardiovascular system? Blood, heart and blood vessels.
What are the components of the Lymphatic system? Lymphatic fluid and vessels; also structures that contain lymphocytes (white blood cells), such as the spleen, lymph nodes, the thymus gland and tonsils.
What are the components of the Respiratory system? The lungs and the airways going into and out of them.
What are the components of the Digestive system? The GI tract, starting at the mouth and including the esophagus, stomach, intestines, ending at the anus; also includes organs that aid digestion, such as salivary glands, the liver, pancreas and gallbladder.
What are the components of the Endocrine system? Cells and glands that produce hormones: the pancreas, thyroid, pituitary, adrenal and pineal glands.
What are the components of the Urinary system? The kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra.
What are the components of the Reproductive system? Gonads (testes or ovaries) and associated organs; in females the uterine tubes, uterus and vagina, and in males, the epididymis, ductus deferens, prostate gland and penis.
What system is the Craniosacral system (often referred to as a separate system) a part of? The Nervous system.
What are the functions of the Integumentary system? It protects the body; it helps regulate body temperature, waste elimination and production of vitamin D; and detects sensations such as hot, cold, pain, etc.
What are the functions of the Skeletal system? It supports and protects the body; it aids movements, houses cells that give rise to blood cells, and stores minerals and fats.
What are the functions of the Muscular system? To produce body movements, stabilize posture and produce body heat.
What are the functions of the Nervous system? To regulate body activities through nerve impulses by detecting changes in the body's internal and/or external environment and by reacting by causing muscle contractions or glandular secretions.
What are the functions of the Cardiovascular system? To carry oxygen and nutrients to cells and carbon dioxide and other waste away from cells; to help regulate acidity, temperature and water content in bodily fluids; and the blood components aid immunity and repair of damaged blood vessels.
What are the functions of the Lymphatic system? To protect against disease-causing organisms; to return proteins and other substances to blood and carrying lipids from the GI tract to blood.
What are the functions of the Respiratory system? To transfer oxygen from inhaled air to the blood and carbon dioxide from blood to exhaled air; to help regulate pH of body fluids; and to allow vocal cords to produce sound through air flowing out of the lungs.
What are the functions of the Digestive system? Absorption of nutrients by physical and chemical breakdown of food and elimination of waste.
What are the functions of the Endocrine system? To regulate body activities through release of hormones.
What are the functions of the Urinary system? To produce, store and elimate waste products through urine; regulate blood volume, composition and mineral balance; and to aid in red blood cell production.
What are the functions of the Reproductive system? To produce gametes in gonads for reproduction; and to regulate reproduction and other processes through release of hormones.
What does the surgical term -centesis mean? A surgical procedure to aspirate or remove excess fluid.
What does the surgical term -ectomy mean? Removal or cutting out by incision.
What does the surgical term -lysis mean? Loosening or destroying.
What does the surgical term -pexy mean? Surgically fixing something to a certain position.
What does the surgical term -plasty mean? Surgical repair.
What does the surgical term -rrhaphy mean? Suturing (closing a wound with stitches or staples).
What does the surgical term -scopy mean? Visual examination with a light (sometimes invasive, sometimes not).
What does the surgical term -stomy mean? Forming an opening.
What does the surgical term -tome mean? A cutting instrument.
What does the surgical term -tripsy mean? Surgical crushing.
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