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NHI Kinesiology West

15 Muscles ~ Action, Origin & Insertion

QuestionAnswer
Action:Bilaterally: Extends the vertebral columnUnilaterally: Laterally flexes the vertebral column to the same side Erector Spinae Group
Origin: Common tendon (thoracolumbar aponeurosis) that attaches to the posterior surface of sacrum, iliac crest, spinous processes of the lumbar, and last two thoracic vertebrae Erector Spinae Group
Insertion: Various attachments at the posterior ribs, spinous and transverse processes of thoracic and vertebrae, and mastoid process of temporal bone Erector Spinae Group
Action: Flexes the vertebral column Rectus abdominis
Origin: Pubic crest, pubic symphysis Rectus abdominis
Insertion: Cartilage of fifth, sixth and seventh ribs and xiphoid process Rectus abdominis
Action: Bilaterally: Flexes the vertebral column, compresses abdominal contentsUnilaterally: Laterally flexes vertebral column to the same side, rotates vertebral column to same side Internal oblique
Origin: Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia Internal oblique
Action:Bilaterally: Flexes the vertebral column, compresses abdominal contentsUnilaterally: laterally flexes the vertebral column to the same side, rotates the vertebral column to the opposite side External oblique
Origin: Lower eight ribs External oblique
Insertion: Anterior part of the iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba External Oblique
Insertion: Internal surface of lower three ribs, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba Internal oblique
Action:Unilaterally: Laterally tilt the pelvis, laterally flexes the vertebral column to the same sideBilaterally: Assists to extend the vertebral column, fixes the last rib during inhalation and forced exhalation Quadratus lumborum
Origin: Posterior iliac crest Quadratus lumborum
Insertion: Last rib, transverse processes of the first through fourth lumbar vertebrae Quadratus Lumborum
Action:All Fibers: Extend the hip (coxal joint), laterally rotate the hip, abduct the hipLower Fibers: Adduct the hip Gluteus maximus
Origin: Coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments Gluteus maximus
Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity (upper fibers), and iliotibial tract (lower fibers) Gluteus maxiums
Action: Flexes the hip (coxal joint), laterally rotates the hip (coxal joint), adducts the hip (coxal joint) Psoas major and Iliacus (Iliopsoas)
Origin: Psoas major - Bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae, iliacus - iliac fossa Psoas major and Iliacus (Iliopsoas)
Insertion: Lesser trochanter of the femur Psoas major and Iliacus (Iliopsoas)
Action: Laterally rotates the hip, Abducts the thigh when hip flexed Piroformis
Origin: Anterior surface of the sacrum Piroformis
Insertion: Greater trochanter Piroformis
Action:All fibers: Abduct the hip (coxal joint)Anterior fibers: Flex the hip, Medially rotate the hipPosterior fibers: Extend the hip, Laterally rotate the hip Gluteus medius
Origin: Gluteal surface of the ilium between iliac crest and posterior and anterior gluteal lines Gluteus medius
Insertion: Greater trochanter Gluteus medius
Action: Flex the hip, medially rotate the hip, abduct the hip Tensor fasciae latae (TFL)
Origin: Iliac crest, posterior to the ASIS Tensor fasciae latae (TFL)
Insertion: Iliotibial tract Tensor fasciae latae (TFL)
Action: Invert the foot, Plantarflex the ankle Tibialis posterior
Origin: Proximal posterior shaft of tibia, proximal fibula, interosseous membrane Tibialis posterior
Insertion: Navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, bases of second through fourth metatarsals Tibialis posterior
Action: Evert the foot, assists to plantarflex the ankle (talocrural joint) Peroneus longus
Origin: Proximal two thirds of lateral fibula Peroneus longus
Insertion: Base of the first metatarsal, medial cuniform Peroneus longus
Action: Extend the 2nd to 5th toes, Dorsiflex the ankle, Evert the food Extensor digitorum longus
Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia, proximal anterior shaft of fibula, interosseous membrane Extensor digitorum longus
Insertion Middle and distal phalanges of the 2nd thru 5th toes Extensor digitorum longus
Action: Extend the second thru fifth fingers, Assist to extend the wrist (radiocarpal joint) Extensor digitorum
Origin: Common extensor tendon from lateral epicondyle of humerous Extensor digitorum
Insertion: Middle and distal phalanges of 2nd thru 5th fingers Extensor digitorum
Action: Flex the wrist, abduct the wrist, flex the elbow Flexor carpi radialis
Origin: Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle Flexor carpi radialis
Insertion: Base of second and third metacarpals Flexor carpi radialis
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