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Rorschach
Major elements of each cluster
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Control and Stress Tolerance | D, Adj D, EA, es, Adj es, and CDI |
Adjusted D | Most direct single Rorschach index of the ability to maintain control under demand or stress situations |
Using Control and Stress Tolerance First | Occurs when CDI is positive, D < Adj D, or Adj has a minus value |
Control and Stress Tolerance Normal | Conclusion is that the person appears to have about as much capacity for control and tolerance for stress as do most others, and seems to have a level of resource access that is also similar to most others |
DEPI Scores | Range from 0 to 7; positive values range from 5-7 |
CDI Scores | Range from 0 to 5; positive if CDI > or equal to a 4 |
Using Affect | If both DEPI and CDI are positive |
Introversive Style | Occurs when the value is higher on the left side of the EB; they prefer to think things through before making decisions |
Exratensive Style | A higher right-side value is found in EB; these individuals are prone to use their feelings more directly in decision making by merging them with their thinking |
Ambitent Style | No distinctive style is indicated; do not show the consistency of either coping styles in their decision making or problem solving |
High Lambda | avoidant style is present if higher than .99 |
EB | provides information about the relation of emotion to the psychology of the person and indicates the presence of a distinct coping style |
EB Cautions | look out for values that have a 0 on the left side of EB and a value greater on the right side. Also notify whether EA is less than 4.0 |
EBPer | Use when EB indicates either an introversive or extratensive style but exclude a Lamba > .99; determines if style is pervasive when coping with problem-solving or decision-making situations |
Right side eb value | Ascertains if some unusual distress experiences are occurring. Typically value will range between 2-5 and be less than the opposite side. If value is higher, it usually signals distress or emotional discomfort |
SumC':WSumC | Ratio concerns the suppression or constraint of emotion |
Chromatic color responses | have some relationship to the release or discharge of emotion and the extent to which the release is controlled or modulated |
Achromatic color responses | relate to irritating feelings that are caused by the inhibition or internalization of emotion |
Inhibition of feelings | Occurs when the SumC' is higher than the value of WSumC'; inhibition causes individual to be burdened by more irritating feelings than should normally be the case |
Intellectualization Index | Process by which the impact of emotional situations or experiences is reduced or even neutralized by dealing with them on an ideational rather than emotional level; serves to conceal or deny presence of feelings; Index < 4 have no interpretive meaning |
CP | Value for CP is always expected to be zero; represents the use of an unusual form of denial to contend with unpleasant emotional experiences |
CP Greater than 0 | Signifies that the individual often denies the presence of irritating or unpleasant emotion or emotional stimulation by subtituting an inappropriately positive emotion or emotional value to the situation |
FC:CF + C ratio | Offer information concerning the modulation of emotional discharges or displays. |
FC | correlates with more well controlled or modulated emotional experiences |
CF | relate to less restrained forms of affective discharge |
Pure C | subjectively evaluates the extent tow hich an individual represents a less mature or more primitive type of answer as contrasted with those which reflect more restraint |
Space Responses (S) | The reversal of figure and ground, or the integration of figure and ground, can be thought of representing a sense of individuality |
S scores norm | S falling between 0 and 2, the finding is not significant; |
S irritation and oppositional | S = 4-5 and given in first three blots, indicates subject was quite irritated and probably reflects a tendency to be excessively oppositional when confronted |
S situationally related | S of 3 and all responses within first two blots, indicates that the subject responded negatively to the demands of the situation |
S negativistic and oppositional | S is 3 and at least one of the three S answers occurred after Card II, suggests subject is disposed to be more negativistic or oppositional toward environment; can become detrimental to formation of harmonious social relationships |
Color Shading Blends | any response for which the coding includes both a chormatic color determinant and an achromatic color or shading determinant |
Color Shading Blends Interpretation | Usually indicates the presence of uncertainty, confusion, or even ambivalence about feelings |
Shading Blends | very unusual and never expected (FT.FC', FV.FY, etc.) |
Cognitive Triad | Information processing, cognitive mediation, and ideation |
Information Processing | Involves the mental procedures entailed in the input of information; focuses only on input operations (scanning and creating a mental image) |
Cognitive mediation | mental operations which occur when information that has been input is translated or identified |
Ideation | Refers to the thinking process that occurs after inputs have been identified and which leads to some form of mental conceptualization of the information that has been translated |
Positive OBS | signals the presence of a marked tendency toward perfectionism and a preoccupation with details |
Positive HVI | signals a state of hyperalterness. Individuals such as this are guarded and mistrusting of the environment |
Zf | crude estimate of processing effort; higher scores suggests more effort than customary in processing blot fields; lower scores indicates a conservative processing approach |
W Responses | While providing a W response on difficult blots (II, VI, VII, VIII, III, IX, X) represent considerable effort it provides no assurance that response will be better than if another strategy was implemented |
D Responses | reasonably easy to distinguish on every blot, except Card V |
Dd Responses | formed only after considerable scanning has occurred & require more processing effort; unless, responses created by a complete figure reversal & involve exclusive use of white space |
W:D:Dd ratio | expectation that the D frequency will be between 1.3 and 1.6 times greater than the W frequency, and that the frequency for Dd will not exceed 3 |
Location Sequence of W Responses | helps clarify if Zf or W:D:Dd are misleading; addresses whether there was situational discomfort on behalf of the examinee; or whether the approach to processing is consistent |
M responses | relates to reasoning and higher forms of conceptualization and the process of giving direction to ideational focusing |
W:M ratio | provides less information about processing effort than the Zf or W:D:Dd ratio in that it seems to relate more broadly to the achievement orientation of the individual |
W:M interpretation | The interpretive rationale is based on the premise that the processing effort should be consistent with the person's available resources *Note if ratio is disproportionate in context of the EB |
Zd score | provides an estimate concerning the efficiency of the scanning activity that has occurred during the processing operations. May also identify persons strongly motivated to process effectively. +3.0 and -3.0 is expected |
PSV | presence of these responses suggest some problems in processing efficiency |
Content PSV | specifically, provides some information about preoccupations |
DQ Distribution | DQ concerns quality of processing activity and relates to both mediation and conceptualization; continuum of least sophisticated forms of cognitive activity (DQ+, DQo, DQv/+; DQv) |
DQ+ answers | At the left of the DQ distribution and represent the highest form of analysis and synthesis; occur more frequently among well educated and/or more psychologically complex |
DQv answers | They involve very little analysis, no synthesis, and reflect an immature form of cognitive activity that is concrete and impressionistic |
Distal properties | true components of a stimulus field |
XA% and WDA% | Deal with the extent to which the mediational activities have yielded behaviors (responses) appropriate for the situation. Must be studied in tandem; expected to be substantial and similar to each other |
FQxnone | represents instances in which contour has been disregarded during mediation in favor of some internal prompting; tend to be related to affect; Frequency in most records tend to be zero or one |
Minus responses | represent instances in which the features of the blot are translated in a manner that is incompatible with their distal properties; concern if seen in W or D areas; represent a disregard or distortion of reality |
X-% range | represents the incidence of mediational dysfunction; may tend to overestimate the tendency toward mediational dysfunction under circumstances more familiar to individual |
Homogeneity Issues (first two or three cards) | minus responses is a reaction to test situation or examinees negative attitude toward test |
Homogeneity Issues (S) | demonstrates minus responses are likely the product of an affective problem having to do with negativism or anger |
Homogeneity Issues (M, FM, m) | signifies some sort of strange thinking is contributing to distortions of reality; may also represent peripheral, less volitional forms of ideational activity |
Homogeneity Issues (reflection or form) | interference to mediation is related to self image issues |
Homogeneity Issues (FQ- >3, Pure F, and L>.99) | suggests style has become ineffective and is being maintained by reality distortions |
Homogeneity Issues (FQ- >3, Pure F, and L<1.00) | represents that responses are a more deliberately defensive distortion of reality |
Homogeneity Issues (cluster for homogenous contents) | Suggests that a preoccupation is provoking mediational dysfunction; reviewing self perception should aid in clarifying the preoccupation |
Homogeneity Issues (FQx- >3 and first responses) | may signify a lackadaisical or hasty approach in mediation; may be due to processing problems or mediational impulsiveness |
Homogeneity Issues (FQx- >3 and last responses) | answers are of special consideration to examinee and may be quite revealing when characteristics or content is reviewed (more common) or subject may be prone to exaggerate features of disturbance |
Minus Distortion Levels | focus is on the issue of how severe the detachment from reality may be; severity can suggest there is a serious breakdown in the cognitive operations related to mediation similar to psychotic-like activities |
Popular responses | use of the most distinct distal properties of the blots; frequency indicates likelihood the person will make obvious customary or conventional responses in situations where they are expected or easily identified; norm (6-8) |
FQ+ | restricted to conventional (o) response and identifies whether an individual is overelaborated in their form features; low frequency suggest person taking test is involved and motivated with task |
X+% | represents the proportion of o responses in the protocol; when an ordinary response is selected from the array of possibilities that exist w/n the field, indicates person's meditational decisions tend to be common or conventional |
Xu% | represents the proportion of u responses (always expected to be less than minus) in the protocol; less conventional and more idiographic; response may be cautious and defensive or original and creative |