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AP Psychology Unit12
Abnormal Psychology
| psychological disorder | deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors |
| attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) | a psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity |
| medical model | the concept that diseases, in this case psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a hospital |
| DSM-IV-TR | the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders, Fourth Edition, updated as a 2000 "text revision"; a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders |
| anxiety disorders | psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety |
| generalized anxiety disorder | an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal |
| panic disorder | an anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations |
| phobia | an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) | an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions) |
| post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience |
| post-traumatic growth | positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises |
| somatoform disorder | psychological disorder in which the symptoms take a somatic (bodily) form without apparent physical cause |
| conversion disorder | a rare somatoform disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found |
| hypochondriasis | a somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease |
| dissociative disorders | disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated)from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings |
| dissociative identity disorder (DID) | a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities |
| mood disorders | psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes |
| major depressive disorder | a mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities |
| mania | a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state |
| bipolar disorder | a mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania |
| schizophrenia | a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions |
| delusions | false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders |
| personality disorders | psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning |
| antisocial personality disorder | a personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members |
| histrionic | excessive emotions, extremes, strong want to be the center of attention, very shallow to other people's feelings and emotions, overly dramatic behavior |
| narcissistic | exaggerated sense of self importance, preoccupation with owns success, only socialize with people of their status, arrogant |
| alogia | poverty of speech, reduced talking, poverty of content of speech, no content or meaning behind speech |
| anhedonia | lack of interest in things they would find enjoyable, won't want to do what they once did |
| asociality | few friends, poor social skills, lack of interest with spending time with other people, |
| undifferenciated | positive and negative symptoms |
| disorganized | poor hygiene, delusions, incoherent speech |
| schizoid | detachment, unsocial, restricted range of emotions |
| schizotype | discomfort in social situations, odd perceptions, magical thinking, odd thoughts and beliefs that lead to odd behavior |
Created by:
mbehm
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