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Psychology Ch 2

TermDefinition
Neuron nerve cell
Sensory Neurons neurons that bring incoming information to the brain and spinal cord
Motor Neurons carry outgoing info from the brain to the body
Interneurons neurons in the brain and spinal cord
Dendrite extensions of a neuron that conduct impulses
Axon line on neuron that messages travel on
Myelin Sheath fatty tissue around axon that helps messages travel faster
Action Potential a neural impulse
Threshold level a stimulation has to pass the be perceived
Synapse gap between axon and dendrite of next neuron
Neurotransmitters chemical messages that cross synaptic gaps
Reuptake when a neuron recharges
Endorphins hormone that rids pain and brings pleasure
Nervous System system of nerves that is a speedy message system
Peripheral Nervous System sensory and motor neurons that connect to the central nervous system
Nerves bundled axons
Somatic Nervous System skeletal nervous system
Autonomic Nervous System nervous system that controls organs
Sympathetic Nervous System part of autonomic nervous system that helps with stressful situations
Parasympathetic Nervous Systems part of autonomic system that calms body
Reflex automatic response
Endocrine System body's slow chemical communication system that releases hormones into the bloodstream
Hormones chemical messengers that go through bloodstream
Adrenal Glands release adrenalin and is just above the kidney
Pituitary Gland part of endocrine system that is influenced by the hypothalamus and regulates growth
Electroencephalogram (EEG) amplified recording of brain waves
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan visual picture of brain activity by measuring glucose
Magnetic Resonance Imagery (MRI) uses magnetic fields to create computer generated brain anatomy
fMRI reveals blood-flow by comparing MRIs
Brainstem oldest part of the brain that is responsible for automatic functions
Medulla base of brainstem that controls heartbeat and breathing
Reticular Formation nerve network in brainstem that controls arousal
Thalamus brain's sensory switchboard that is at the top of the brainstem and directs messages
Cerebellum the "little brain" that is at the rear of the brainstem that processes coordination and balance
Limbic System neural system below the cerebral hemispheres that controls emotions and drives. it has the hypothalamus, amygdala, and the hippocampus
Amygdala controls anger and fear and is linked to emotion
Hypothalamus controls eating, drinking, and body system while also governing the endocrine system
Cerebral Cortex interconnected neural cells covering cerebral hemispheres. it is the ultimate control and information processing center
Glial Cells they support, nourish, and protects neurons
Frontal Lobes control speaking, muscle movement, making plans, and judgement
Parietal Lobes receives sensory input for touch and body position
Occipital Lobes vision control
Temporal Lobes hearing control
Sensory Cortex front of parietal lobes that process touch and body movement
Association Areas not involved in motor or sensory. it is involved in higher mental functions such as learning, remembering, thinking, and speaking
plascticty brain's ability to change by reorganizing after damage and building new pathways
Neurogenesis forming new neurons
Corpus Callosum band if fibers connecting hemispheres
Motor Cortex rear of frontal lobe that controls voluntary movement
Split Brain condition when corpus callosum is cut
Biological Psychology studies connections between biology and behavior
Central Nervous System brain and spinal cord nervous system
Lesion tissue distruction
Created by: angelchocolate
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