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Psychology exam 1
Psychology Ch. 3
Question | Answer |
---|---|
what 2 types of cells make up the nervous system? | glia and neurons. |
what functions do the glia perform? | supporting system, nourish neuron, cleaning up, transport throughout body. |
what is a neuron? | most basic building block of nervous system sends message throughout body. |
what three major types of neurons exist? | Sensory (take in info), Interneurons (in brain and spinal cord), motor neurons (carry message to muscles and nerves in body. |
soma | cell body, contains nucleus |
dendrites | fibers that take in info. |
axon | long fiber where message is sent. |
myelin sheath | made of glia cells, fatty substance that coats axon for protection and speeds things up. |
nodes of ranvier | speeds up process on axon |
terminal buttons | end of axon, house neurotransmitters |
synapse | gap, junction between one neuron and another...one neuron realeases nerotransmitter. |
what problems are associated with abnormal myelin? | parkinsons desiese |
what is neurons resting potential? | has slightly neg. charge |
action potential? | firing threshold: when neuron is stimulated and it sends its message. |
all or none law? | neuron is stimulated enoughto fire action potential or it is not. |
when does the absolute refractory mean? | break between neural impulse. |
what are presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons? | postsynaptic is the neuron recieving end of the synapse. |
neurotransmitter? | receptors |
types of neurotransmitters | acetylcholine:muscle movementdopamine: smooth movementserotonin: emotional statesnorepinephrine: arousal, learningGABA: anxiety, relaxation.Endorphins: pain, pleasure |
Two major branches of nervous system? | central, peripheral |
somatic system | voluntary movement |
autonomic | happens automatically2 branches:Sympathetic:readies body 4 activityparasympathetic: calming, normal |