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Motivation and Emoti
AP Psychology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| instincts | inherited, complex automatic species-specific behavior |
| achievement motivation | individual's need to meet realistic goals, receive feedback and experience a sense of accomplishment |
| Maslow's hierarchy of needs | arranges biological and social needs in priority from the lowest level of basic biological needs, safety and security, belongingness and love needs, self esteem needs, and self actualization needs |
| motivations | feelings or ideas that cause us to act toward a goal |
| drive reduction theory | behavior is motivated by biological needs does not explain all behaviors, such as adrenaline addicts |
| James-Lange theory of emotion | the conscious experience of emotion results from your awareness of automatic arousal and comes only after your behavioral response to situations |
| lateral hypothalamus | causes animal to eat when stimulated |
| secondary drives | learned drives |
| Cannon-Bard theory of emotion | theory that emotions and physiological states occur simultaneously |
| set-point theory | the hypothalamus wants to maintain certain optimum body weight |
| opponent-process theory of motivation | following a strong emotion, an opposing emotion counters the first emotion lessening the experience of that emotion |
| two-factor theory | we determine an emotion from our physiological arousal and then label that emotion according to our cognitive explanation for the arousal |
| primary drives | biological needs |
| arousal theory | motivated by the need for an optimum level of excitement or arousal |
| general adaptation syndrome (GAS) | Selye's three stage process (alarm, resistances, and exhaustion) that describes our biological reaction to sustained and unrelating stress |
| incentives | stimuli that we are drawn to due to learning |
| approach-approach conflict | a conflict in which the individual must choose between two positive stimuli or circumstances |
| obesity | severely overweight, unhealthy eating habits, some are genetically predisposed |
| intrinsic motivators | a desire to perform an activity for its own sake rather than for an external aard |
| approach-avoidance conflict | situations involving whether or not to choose an option that has both a positive and negative consequence |
| bulimia | two phases: binging and purging, feeling guilty for eating fatty foods |
| extrinsic motivators | the desire to perform a behavior for a reward or avoid punishment |
| avoidance-avoidance conflict | situations involving two negative options, one of which we must choose |
| anorexia | eating disorder most common in adloscent females characterized by weight less than 85% of normal, abnormally restrictive food consumption, and an unrealistic body image |
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