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Kinesiology
hips and legs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Iliopsoas | psoas major and iliacus: main flexor of the hip. tightness in this muscle can play a significant role in functional lordosis and scoliosis and may be a cause of lower back pain |
| What are the origins of psoas major? | Transverse processes of of T12-L5 Vertebral bodies of T12-L5 Intervertebral disks of lumbar vertebrae |
| What is the insertion of psoas major? | lesser trochanter |
| What nerve controls the psoas major? | lumbar plexus |
| What are the actions of psoas major? | laterally rotates the hip flexes the hip flexes the vertebral column anteriorly tilts the pelvis |
| What are the origins of iliacus? | iliac fossa and anterior inferior iliac spine |
| What is the insertion of iliacus? | lesser trochanter |
| What are the actions of iliacus? | flexes the hip laterally rotates the hip anteriorly tilts the pelvis |
| What nerve controls the iliacus? | femoral nerve |
| What are the 6 lateral hip rotators? (Pieced Goods Often Go On Quilts) | Piriformis, Gemellus superior, Obturator internus, Gemellus inferior, Obturator externus, Quadratus femoris. |
| What is the origin of piriformis? | anterior sacrum |
| What is the insertion of piriformis? | greater trochanter |
| What are the actions of the piriformis? | laterally rotates the hip and abducts the hip |
| What nerve controls the piriformis? | sciatic nerve |
| What is the origin of the gemellus superior? | ischial spine |
| What is the insertion of the gemellus superior? | greater trochanter |
| What is the action of the gemellus superior? | laterally rotates the hip |
| What nerve controls the hip? | sciatic nerve |
| What is the origin of the gemellus inferior? | superior ischial tuberosity |
| What is the insertion of the gemellus inferior? | greater trochanter |
| What is the action of the gemellus inferior? | laterally rotates the hip |
| What nerve controls the gemellus inferior? | sciatic nerve |
| What are the origins of the obturator internus? | obturator membrane and obturator margin |
| What is the insertion of the obturator internus? | greater trochanter |
| What is the action of the obturator internus? | laterally rotates the hip |
| What nerve controls the obturator internus? | sciatic nerve |
| What are the origins of the obturator externus? | obturator membrane, superior pubic ramus, inferior public ramus, and ischial ramus |
| What is the insertion of the obturator externus? | laterally rotates the hip |
| What nerve controls the obturator externus? | obturator nerve |
| What is the origin of the quadratus femoris? | lateral ischial tuberosity |
| What is the insertion of the quadratus femoris? | intertrochanteric crest |
| What are the actions of the quadratus femoris? | laterally rotates the hip and adducts the hip |
| What nerve controls the quadratus femoris? | sciatic nerve |
| What are the origins of the gluteus maximus? | posterior sacrum, posterior coccyx, posterior iliac crest & external ilium to the posterior gluteal line |
| What are the insertions of the gluteus maximus? | gluteal tuberosity (25%) and iliotibial band (75%) |
| What are the actions of the gluteus maximus? | extend the hip, laterally rotates the hip, adducts the hip, posteriorly tilts the pelvis |
| What nerve controls the gluteus maximus? | inferior gluteal nerve |
| What is the origin of the gluteus medius? | external ilium between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines |
| What is the insertion of the gluteus medius? | greater trochanter |
| What are the actions of the gluteus medius? | abducts the hip, medially rotates the hip, laterally rotates the hip, anteriorly and posteriorly tilts the pelvis |
| What nerve controls the gluteus medius? | superior gluteal nerve |
| What is the origin of the gluteus minimus? | external ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines |
| What is the insertion of the gluteus minimus? | greater trochanter |
| What are the actions of the gluteus minimus? | abducts the hip, medially rotate the hip, laterally rotates the hip, anteriorly and posteriorly tilts the pelvis |
| What nerve controls the gluteus minimus? | superior gluteal nerve |
| What are the origins of the tensor fasciae latae? | anterior iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) |
| What is the insertion of the tensor fasciae latae? | iliotibial band |
| What are the actions of the tensor fasciae latae? | abducts the hip, flexes the hip, medially rotates the hip |
| What nerve controls the tensor fasciae latae? | superior gluteal nerve |
| What is the origin of the gracilis? | inferior public ramus |
| What is the insertion of the gracilis? | medial proximal tibial shaft |
| What are the actions of the gracilis? | adducts the hip, flexes the hip, flexes the knee, medially rotates the leg (when the knee is flexed) |
| What nerve controls the gracilis? | obturator nerve |
| What are the origins of the adductor magnus? | ischial tuberosity, inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus |
| What are the insertions of the adductor magnus? | linea aspera and adductor tubercle of the femus |
| What are the actions of the adductor magnus? | adducts the hip, flexes the hip, and extends the hip |
| What nerves control the adductor magnus? | sciatic and obturator nerves |
| What is the origin of the adductor longus? | anterior pubic body |
| What is the insertion of the adductor longus? | middle third of the linea aspera (medial lip) |
| What is the action of the adductor longus? | adducts the hip |
| what nerve controls the adductor longus? | obturator nerve |
| What is the origin of the adductor brevis? | inferior pubic ramus |
| What is the insertion of the adductor brevis? | proximal thir of the linea aspera (medial lip) |
| What is the action of the adductor brevis? | adducts the hip |
| What nerve controls the adductor brevis? | obturator nerve |
| What are the origins of the pectineus? | superior pubic ramus and pectineal line on pubis |
| What is the insertion of the pectineus? | posterior proximal femoral shaft (inferior to lesser trochanter) |
| What are the actions of the pectineus? | flexes the hip and adducts the hip |
| What nerve controls the pectineus? | femoral nerve |
| What are the origins of the quad: rectus femoris? | anterior inferior iliac spine (ASIS) |
| What is the insertion of the quad: rectus femoris? | tibial tuberosity |
| What are the actions of the quad: rectus femoris? | flexes the hip, extends the knee, anteriorly tilts the pelvis |
| What nerve controls the quad: rectus femoris? | femoral nerve |
| What is the origin of the quad: vastus intermedius? | anterior lateral femoral shaft |
| What is the insertion of the quad: vastus intermedius? | tibial tuberosity |
| What is the action of the quad: vastus intermedius? | extends the knee |
| What nerve controls the quad: vastus intermedius? | femoral nerve |
| What are the origins of the quad: vastus medialis? | linea aspera (medial lip) and intertrochanteric line |
| What is the insertion of the quad: vastus medialis? | tibial tuberosity |
| What is the action of the quad: vastus medialis? | extend the knee |
| What nerve controls the quad: vastus medialis? | femoral nerve |
| What are the origins of the quad: vastus lateralis? | linea aspera (lateral lip) and gluteal tuberosity |
| What is the insertion of the quad: vastus lateralis? | tibial tuberosity |
| What is the action of the quad: vastus lateralis? | extends the knee |
| What nerve controls the quad: vastus lateralis? | femoral nerve |
| What is the origin of the Sartorius (aka tailor's muscle)? | anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) |
| What is the insertion of the Sartorius (aka tailor's muscles)? | medial proximal tibial shaft (at pes anserine) |
| What are the actions of the Sartorius (aka tailor's muscles)? | flexes the hip, laterally roates the hip, abducts the hip, flexes the knee, medially rotate the leg (when knee is flexed) |
| What nerve controls the Sartorius (aka tailor's muscles)? | femoral nerve |
| What is the origin of the popliteus? | lateral condyle of femur |
| What is the insertion of the popliteus? | posterior proximal tibial shaft |
| What are the actions of the popliteus? | flexes the knee, medially rotates the leg (when the knee is flexed) |
| What nerve controls the popliteus? | tibial nerve |
| What is the origin of the hamstring: semimembranosus? | ischial tuberosity |
| What is the insertion of the hamstring: semimembranosus? | medial condyle of the tibia (posterior surface) |
| What are the actions of the hamstring: semimembranosus? | flexes the knee, medially rotates the leg(when the knee is flexed), extends the hip, medially roates the hip, posteriorly tilts the pelvis |
| What nerve controls the hamstring: semimembranosus? | tibial nerve |
| What is the origin of the hamstring: semitendinosus? | ischial tuberosity |
| What is the insertion of the hamstring: semitendinosus? | medial proximal tibial shaft (at the pes anserinus) |
| What are the actions of the hamstring: semitendinosus? | flexes the knee, medially rotates the leg(when the knee is flexed), extends the hip, medially rotates the hip, posteriorly tilts the pelvis |
| What nerve controls the hamstring: semitendinosus? | tibial nerve |
| What are the origins of the hamstring: biceps femoris? | ischial tuberosity (long head) linea spera; lower lateral lip (short head) |
| What is the insertion of the hamstring: biceps femoris? | fibular head |
| What are the actions of the hamstring: biceps femoris? | flexes the knee, laterally rotates the leg (when knee is flexed), extends the hip, posteriorly tilts the pelvis |
| What nerves control the hamstring: biceps femoris? | tibial nerve (long head) common fibular/peroneal nerve (short head) |
| Hip Flexion muscles | psoas major, iliacus, tensor fasciae latae, rectus femoris, Sartorius gracilis, adductor magnus, pectineus |
| Hip extension muscles | gluteus maximus, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, adductor magnus |
| Hip abduction muscles | piriormis, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae, Sartorius, pectineus |
| Hip adduction muscles | gluteus maximus, gracilis, adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis |
| Hip medial rotation muscles | gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae, semimembranosus, semitendinosus |
| Hip lateral rotation muscles | psoas mojor, iliacus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, piriformis, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, obturator internus, obturator externus, quadratus femoris, gluteus maximus, Sartorius, biceps femoris |
| Knee joint flexion muscles | Sartorius, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, gracilis, gastrocnemius, plantaris, popliteus |
| Knee joint extension muscles | rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius |
Created by:
ben.ethridge
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