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Psychology Questions
Psychology questions for test #1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the difference between materialism and dualism, what philosophers are associated with each and which is preferred by science? | Materialism is one substance while dualism is spirit and matter as separate substances. Aristotle founded Materialism, and Plato founded Dualism. Materialism is favored by science. |
| What are the basic features/ideas of the Three Historical Approaches to Psychology? | Psychodynamic approach:unconscious motives,importanceof past,basedoncasestudiesBehavioralapproach:Environmentalinfluenceoverbehavior,importanceofinfluences,based on experiments.Humanistic approach:Drivenbyinnerneeds,bigimpactoncurrentappliedaspectsofthefi |
| What are the three components of The Scientific Attitude? | Curiosity, skepticism, and humility. |
| What do we mean by a Theory and a Hypothesis? How are they related? | A theory is an explanation that predicts behaviors and events, while a hypothesis is a testable prediction, often prompted by a theory. A theory is a proven hypothesis. |
| What are the 4 reasons for studying Psychology? | Helps understand human motivations, human diversity, helps answer the question Nature versus Nurture, and helps answer the question Mind versus Body. |
| Wundt was the first psychologist to study___? | The mind. |
| The Atkinson-Shiffrin Model proposed three interacting memory systems. How much memory does each hold and for how long? | Iconic (0.5 Seconds long), Echoic (3-4 Seconds long), and Hepatic (<1 second long) |
| There are three types of tasks that can be used to test memory. Define and give an example of each. | Recognition:person must identify an item amongst other choices.(multiple choice tests recognition)Recall:personmust retrieve info using effort.(fillinthe blank test requires recall)Relearning:person shows how much time/effort is saved learning stuff again |
| What was the significance of Freud? | Developed first theory of personality and form of psychotherapy (Psychology as an applied endeavor) |
| What was the significance of Skinner and Watson? | Behaviorists who argued for the study of “overt” observable behavior not “mental events” (thoughts and perceptions. From 1920-1950 this was the focus of American Psychology |
| What was the significance of Maslow and Rogers? | In the 1950s developed the Humanist approach in response to Freud and the behaviorists. Return American psychology’s focus towards mental events (cognitions). |
| What are the five types of Research psychologists? | Biological, Developmental (most), Cognitive, Personality, |
| What was the significance of James? | Wrote first text book and studied mystical experiences. Was rediscovered in the 1960s with advent of hallucinogenic drugs |
| Types of Applied Psychologists? | Clinical (most), Counseling, Educational, Industrial/Organizational, and Health. |
Created by:
bhemlepp
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