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Civil Rights Four

Civil Rights Four - pg. 176-7, 179, & 180-3

QuestionAnswer
1a. What are two primary provisions of the ADA (1990)? Requires employers and public facilities to make "reasonable accommodations" for people with disabilities and prohibits discrimination against these individuals in employment.
1b. What is the ADA? Americans with Disabilities Act that strengthened protection of people with disabilities from discrimination.
1c. What has been the main source of resistance to the ADA? The cost of programs
1d. What did The Education of All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 provide? Entitled all children to a free public education appropriate to their needs.
2a. Explain the "don't ask, don't tell" policy Still prohibiting homosexual conduct, this policy did not automatically exclude gays from the military as long as they did not disclose their sexual orientation or engage in homosexual relations.
2b. What is true of the "don't ask, don't tell" policy today? In 2011, the Pentagon ended the policy and allowed gays to serve openly in the military.
3a. Define affirmative action A policy designed to give special attention to or compensatory treatment for members of some previously disadvantaged group.
3b. What is the goal of affirmative action? To move beyond equal opportunity toward equal results
3c. What is the criticism of affirmative action? Opponents argue that merit is the only fair basis for distributing benefits and that any race or gender discrimination is wrong, even when its purpose is to rectify past injustices rather than to reinforce them.
4a. Explain the policy of UC Davis which was challenged in Bakke v. California The medical school at UC Davis set aside 16 of 100 places in the entering class for "disadvantaged groups".
4b. What was the specific complaint of Alan Bakke in Bakke v. California? He did not make it into Davis for two years. The test scores of the university were in the 46th and 35th percentile, but Bakke's were in the 96th and 97th percentiles. It denied him equal protection of the laws by discriminating against him due to race.
4c. 1) What did the Court decide with regards to - Alan Bakke's particular situation in Bakke? The Court ordered Bakke admitted, holding that the program did discriminate against him because of his race.
4c. 2) What did the Court decide with regards to - What universities could do with regards to affirmative action in Bakke? They could adopt an "admissions program in which race or ethnic background is simply one element - to be weighed fairly against other elements - in the selection process."
4c. 3) What did the Court decide with regards to - what universities could not do in Bakke? They could not set aside a quota of spots for particular groups.
4c.4) What did the Court decide with regards to - defining a quota in Bakke? They could not set aside a quota of spots for particular groups.
5. Explain California's Prop. 209 Banned state affirmative action programs based on race, ethnicity, or gender in public hiring, contracting, and educational admissions.
Created by: Matti
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