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Nason Ch. 11
Intelligence Vocab
| Vocab Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| Intelligence | mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations |
| Factor Analysis | a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test, used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie one's total score |
| General Intelligence | an intelligence factor that, according to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities andi s therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test |
| Savant Syndrome | a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental abilities has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing |
| Emotional Intelligence | the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions |
| Creativity | the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas |
| Intelligence Test | a method for assessing an individual's mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores |
| Mental Age | a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet |
| Stanford-Binet | the widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet's original intelligence test |
| Intelligence Quotient (IQ) | defined orginally as the ratio of mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100; the average is 100 |
| Assessment Test | a test designed to assess what a person has learned |
| Aptitude Test | a test designed to predict a person's future performance |
| Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) | the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests |
| Standardization | defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested standarization group |
| Normal Curve | the symmetrical bell shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes |
| Reliablity | the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistancy of scores on two halves of the test, on alternative forms of the test, or on retesting |
| Validity | the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to |
| Content Validity | the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest |
| Criterion | the behavior that a test is designed to predict, it is assessed and used in defining whether the test has predictive validity |
| Predictive Validity | the success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion value |
| Mental Retardation | a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound |
| Down Syndrome | a condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by an extra chromosome in one's genetic makeup |
| Stereotype Threat | a self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype |
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