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Gestalt Therapy
PCC-HR-2B-Gestalt Therapy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Gestalt Therapy founder | Frederick Perls |
| Gestalt Therapy | Is based on the assumption that each individual is capable of assuming personal responsibility and living fully as an integrated person. |
| Concepts (1-3) | 1) people tend to seek closure; 2) a person's "gestalts" reflects his/her current needs; 3) a person's behavior represents a whole which is greater than the sum of its parts; |
| Concepts (4-5) | 4) behavior can only be fully understood in context; and 5) a person experiences the world in accord with the principle of figure and ground. |
| Personality Theory | Consisting of two parts, the self and the self-image. |
| Self | Is the creative aspect of the personality which promotes the individual's inherent tendency for self-actualization. |
| Self-actualization | The ability to bring the self from "potency to act," or to live as a fully integrated person. |
| Self-image | The "darker side" of the personality. It hinders growth and self-actualization by imposing external standards. |
| View of Maladaptive Behavior | A "growth disorder" which involves an abandonment of the self for the self-image. The result of one or more "boundary disturbances," which all reflect identification with the self-image. |
| Introjection | Occurs when a person psychologically swallows whole concepts (i.e., when the person accepts concepts, facts, and standards from the environment without understanding or fully assimilating them. |
| Projection | Involves making someone or something in the environment responsible for what originates in oneself. |
| Retroflection | Involves doing to oneself what one wants to do to others. |
| Confluence | Refers to the absence of a boundary between the self and environment. |
| Therapeutic Goals | Is to help a client achieve maturity (self-responsibility and self-support) and integration (the ability to function as a systematic whole). |
| Therapeutic Techniques (6) | Directed awareness; Using "I" language; No questions; Games of dialogue; Assuming responsibility; Dream work |
| Therapeutic Tecniques | Focuses on the immediate present awareness of one's experiences. |
| Transference | Counterproductive - they respond to a client's transference by helping the client recognize the difference between his/her transference fantasy and reality |
| Awareness | A full understanding of one's here-and-now thoughts, feelings, actions, and sensations. |
| Directed Awareness | Use simple, direct questions to encourage clients to stay in the here-and-now. |
| Using "I" Language | Clients are asked to begin sentences with "I". This is done to help them assume responsibility for their actions. |
| No Questions | Clients are discouraged from asking questions because questions are thought to foster intellectualizing and mask true feelings. |
| Games of Dialogue | Use role-playing (psychodrama) to help clients express their feelings directly. (Empty-chair technique) |
| Assuming Responsibility | Clients are asked to add the phrase "...and I take responsibility for it" to the statemtns they make to increase their sense of responsibility for their own thoughts, feelings, and actions. |
| Dream Work | View the elements of recurring dreams as representations of parts of the self not fully accepted. |
Created by:
SBT38
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