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Caroline
ch 18 bleeding and shock
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What describes a state of collapse and failure of the cardiovascular system in which blood circulation slows and eventually ceases | shock |
| The upper and lower portions of the heart are seperated by what | atrioventricular valves |
| What is located between the ventricules and the arteries into which they pump blood | semiluner valves |
| The pressure in the aorta against which the left ventricle must pump blood is called what | afterload |
| A higher afterload therfore reduces what | stroke volume |
| what is the amount of blood ejected per contraction | stroke volume |
| cardiac out put is = to what | stroke volume x pulse rate |
| Increased venous return to the heart stretches the ventricles somewhat, resulting in what | increased cardiac contractility |
| The theroy that when the heart is stretched it will contract more forecfully is known as the | starling law of the heart |
| Although the amount of blood returning to the right atrium varies somewhat from minute to minute, a normal heart continues to pumop the same % of blood returned. This is called | the ejection fraction |
| What is the circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells current needs for oxygen, nutrients, and waste removal | perfusion |
| The heart needs ___________ perfusion, or it will not function properly | constant |
| the adult male body contains how many ml of blood per kilo | 70ml |
| the adult female body contains how many ml of blood per kilo | 65ml |
| The body can not tolerate an acute blood loss of more the _____% the total blood volume | 20% |
| When platelets aggregate at the site of a cut vessel plugging the hole and sealing the injured portion of the blood vessel, this is called what | hemostasis |
| The passage of dark terry stoles is known as what | melena |
| The passage of stools containing bright red blood is called | hematochezia |
| In any patient with unexplained shock you should always suspect what type of shock | hypovolemic shock |
| In an effort to maintain circulation of blood to the brain, your body will shunt blood from what tissues. List them in order from first to last | Placenta, skin, muscles, gut, kidneys, liver, heart, lungs |
| the most common cause of exogenous hypovolemic shock is what | external bleeding |
| the most common cause of endogenous hypovolemic shock is what | internal bleeding |
| the body can only handle _________ _________ for a limited amount of time. | anaerobic metabolism |
| During anearobic metabolism, incomplete ______ _______ ______ leadts to an acumulation of pyruvic acid | glucose break down |
| what aqre the 3 successive phases of shock | compensated, decompensated, and irreversible |
| The earliest stage of shock in which the body can still compensate for blood loss is known as | Compensated shock |
| A stage of shock where the a BP starts to fall is what | decompensated |
| When shock progresses to a terminal stage of shock | IRREVERSIBLE |
| What are probably the 2 earliest signs of shock | restlessness and anxiety |
| what may be the last measurable factor to change in shock | BP |
| Infants and children can maintain BP until they loose ~ how much of their blood volume | half |
| what causes weak and thready pules | when the vessels are now very narrow and not much volume is moving through them |
| To determine how well the vital organs are being profused you must rely on the patients what | state of consciousness |
Created by:
klindley
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