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Section 9
Notes from CRC Exam Prep Book
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Once eligibility is determined for VR, what is the next step? | a plan for employment (IPE) is developed collaboratively by the VR counselor and client. |
| What is an IPE? | identified the specific types and number of services that will be provided to help the individual achieve his or her employment goal. |
| What services are included under the IPE? | Medical, Psychological, Voc., Counseling and guidance, Physical/mental therapy or treatments, Occupational/voc training and education, Interpreter services, Job placement services, Rehab tech services, Post employment services, Other services necessary |
| What did the rehab act of 1973 mandate? | states serve individuals with most severe disabilities first |
| What programs did the rehab act of 1973 contain? | o IWRP = individualized written rehab program o CAPs = Client Assistance Programs o IL = independent living services |
| How does the SSA provide disability benefits? | SSDI and SSI programs |
| What does the SSA define disability as? | the inability to engage in any SGA by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment that can be expected to result in death or has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months |
| What is SGA? | Substantial Gainful Activity |
| When was SSDI established? | 1954 |
| What does SSDI provide? | provides eligible people with disabilities with monthly income benefits and Medicare insurance |
| What are the requirements to be on SSDI? | SSDI is an eligibility Program; a person must have worked and paid Social Security taxes, be permanently disabled, and earn less than SGA |
| How is eligibility for SSDI confirmed? | Eligibility is based on contributions the worker (or in some cases the spouse or parents) made to FICA while employed. |
| What is SSI? | provides monthly benefits and Medicaid to adults and children with disabilities and has limited income and resources |
| Who is eligible for SSI? | people with low income who are aged 65 years or older, or people who are blind |
| How is the amount of benefit calculated for SSI? | The amount of benefit received is based on the individual’s other sources of income and living situation. |
| How often is the SSI benefit rate calculated? | The federal government determines that base SSI benefit rate annually. |
| What is medicaid? | is a federal– state matching program available to certain low-income and eligible individuals and families |
| How is medicaid administered? | Medicaid is state administered and each state sets its own guidelines regarding eligibility and services |
| Who gets the payments of Medicaid? | The health-care provider |
| What does medicaid cover? | hospital and doctor visits, medication, and in some states, personal assistant services. |
| What is Medicare? | a federal health insurance program for people aged 65 years or older and SSDI recipients |
| How is medicare financed? | financed by payroll taxes and monthly premiums deducted from Social Security checks |
| What does Medicare part A cover? | Medicare covers up to 80% of inpatient hospital care, skilled nursing, home health care, and hospice care under Part A |
| What does Medicare Part B cover? | provides medical insurance for doctors’ services and other medical services and supplies not covered by hospital insurance, and it requires an insurance premium. |
| What is a Trial Work period (TWP)? | Allows SSDI recipients engage in a work trial for at least 9 months. During this period, the person continues to receive full Social Security benefits regardless of earnings |
| How long after the TWP can someone be on Medicare? | Medicare is also continued for at least 93 months beyond the 9-month trial work period, beginning the month after the last month of the trial work period. Also, after this period, some people may purchase continued Medicare coverage. |
| What is the period of eligibility (EPE)? | SSDI recipients who complete a trial work period can, for a 36-month period, still receive benefits for any month in which earnings are below SGA |
| What is the Plan for Achieving Self-Support (PASS) ? | allow SSI recipients to set aside income/resources, so that it will not be considered when calculating initial and continuing eligibility for SSI payments, this helps the person to establish and maintain SSI eligibility and increase SSI payment amounts |
| What is an Impairment-Related Work Expenses (IRWE)? | In determining SGA, the cost of certain impairment-related items and services that are related to work are deducted from the individual’s earnings. |
| What qualifies as an IRWE? | the item or service must be necessary for the individual to work, be related to the individual’s disability, be paid for by the individual, and be paid by individual in a month during which he or she worked |
| What is Ticket to Work? | SSDI and SSI recipients receive a ticket (or voucher) to obtain employment services, or other support services that enable self-support, from a state VR agency or other approved employment services provider |
| Who gets the payments for Ticket to Work? | The program is voluntary and the services are paid directly to providers through the Ticket to Work program. |
| What is a CRP? | are community-based nonprofit organizations that provide a range of employment and rehabilitation services |
| What does the Rehabilitation Act define CRPs as? | programs that directly provide or facilitate the provision of VR services to individuals with disabilities |
| What do employment related CRPs services include? | testing or assessment; job development, training, placement, and retention services; supported employment services and job coaching |
| How many steps are there is the Return to Work Hierarchy? | 8 |
| What is the first step in the Return to Work Hierarchy? | Same job, same employer |
| What is the second step in then Return to Work Hierarchy? | Same but modified job, same employer |
| What is the third step in the Return to Work Hierarchy? | different job with transferable skills with the same employer |
| What is the fourth step in the Return to Work Hierarchy? | same job, different employer |
| What is the fifth step in the Return to Work Hierarchy? | same bu modified job with a diff employer |
| What is the sixth step in the Return to Work Hierarchy? | different job capitalizing on transferable skills with a different employer |
| What is the seventh in the Return to Work Hierarchy? | different job with retraining with the same or different employer |
| What is the eighth in Return to Work Hierarchy? | self employment |
| How are wage loss benefits calculated? | using an impairment rating, a wage loss system, or loss-of-earning capacity |
| How many categories does the impairment rating system have? | 5 |
| What are the categories in the impairment rating system? | (1) Temporary total disability (TTD) (2) Temporary partial disability (TPD) (3) Permanent partial disability (4) Permanent total disability (5) Survivor (death) benefits. |
| How is someone classified as TPD status? | If the injured worker can return to his or her former employment in some modified capacity, but at reduced function or earnings compared to the preinjury status |
| What does TPD cover? | usually covers the medical bills and a wage differential if the claimant is able to work, but not in the same capacity while recovering from a work-related injury |
| What is TTD? | the worker’s status following an industrial injury or illness and a brief qualifying period of generally days or weeks |
| What period of work does TTD usually involve? | the period a worker receives reimbursed medical services directed toward maximum medical improvement (MMI) or medical stability |
| What wages does one receive during TTD? | the worker receives wage loss benefits based on preinjury earnings while regarded by the attending physician as unable to work. Wage loss benefits are often two thirds of the injured worker’s average weekly wage at the time of injury. |
| Who funds worker's compensation? | Employers |
| What is disability management? | DM involves prevention and remediation strategies to prevent disability from occurring in the workplace, and early intervention following the onset of disability DM may involve the use of both proactive and reactive techniques |
| What are proactive techniques in disability management? | wellness programs, safety awareness, and illness/ injury prevention are used to reduce occupational disabilities |
| What are reactive techniques in disability management? | include employee assistance programs, transitional work programs, outplacement and work hardening. |
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