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Soci/Emo Development
Developmental Psychology Terms and Definitions (Socio/Emotional)
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Social Development | The influence of others on the development of a person |
Culture | behaviors, ideas, attitudes and traditions transmitted from one generation to the next within a group of people who share the same language and environment |
Bonding | the creation of a close emotional relationship between the parents and the baby (shortly after birth) |
Attachment | when an infant gradually forms a close emotional relation with his/her mom (caregiver) |
Harry Harlow | disproved the thought that babies became attached to whoever feeds them |
Mary Ainsworth | studied attachment; how a baby reacts when their caregiver is around and when they return |
Secure attachment | a baby is: comfortable with their mothers; happy and receptive to their mothers when they return |
Insecure attachent | a baby: avoids/ignores their mothers (but upset without them); angry and rejecting to their mothers when they return |
Temperament | natural disposition to show a particular mood at a particular intensity for a specific period |
"Easy" babies | cheerful, relaxed; follow predictable pattens of eating and sleeping |
"Difficult" babies | irritable intense and unpredictable |
Self-awareness | consciousness of oneself as a person |
Social referencing | observing the behavior of others in social situations to obtain information or guidance |
"rouge test" | experiment in which a red spot is put on a baby's nose and the baby looks at a mirror; to see if the baby knows it is its own nose |
Diana Baumrind | Studied how parenting styles affect the emotional growth of children |
Authoritarian (parents) | set up strict rules, expect children to follow them, and punish wrongdoing |
Authoritative (parents) | set limits, but explain the reasons for rules with their children and make exceptions when appropriate |
Permissive (parents) | do not set firm guidelines (if any) |
Uninvolved (parents) | make few demands, show low responsiveness, and communicate little with their children |
Erik Erikson | examined development across the life span in a social context |