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Psych
Brain
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| brain hypothesis ( Early Brain theories) | the belief that mental processes are located in the brain |
| brain versus heart debate ( Early Brain theories) | |
| heart hypothesis ( Early Brain theories) | the belief that mental processes are located in the brain |
| mind–body problem ( Early Brain theories) | the question of whether our mind and body are distinct, separate entities or whether they are one and the same |
| mind–brain problem ( Early Brain theories) | |
| phrenology (Early Brain theories ) | the study of the relationship between the skull's surface features and a person's personality and behavioural characteristics |
| Ablation (Early brain experiments ) | disabling, destroying and removing selected brain tissue followed by an assessment of subsequent changes in behaviour |
| electrical stimulation of the brain (ESB) (Early brain experiments ) | stimulation or detection of electrical activity in the brain using an electrode |
| split-brain experiment ( Early brain experiments) | |
| split-brain surgery ( Early brain experiments) | cutting the band of nerve tissue (corpus callosum) connecting the two hemispheres |
| computerised tomography (CT) ( Neuroimaging techniques.) | neuroimaging technique that uses x-ray equipment to scan the brain at different angles and produce scans showing structure only |
| functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (Neuroimaging techniques. ) | neuroimaging technique that detects and records brain activity by measuring oxygen consumption across the brain and produces colour images of the brain structure, activity or function |
| positron emission tomography (PET) ( Neuroimaging techniques.) | neuroimaging technique that produces colour images of brain structure, activity and function |
| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ( Neuroimaging techniques.) | neuroimaging technique that uses magnetic fields to vibrate atoms in the brain's neurons and generate a computer image showing brain structure only |
| Medulla ( Hindbrain) | continuation of the spinal cord, connecting it to the brain; controls bodily functions required for survival |
| Pons ( Hindbrain) | hind brain structure involving sleep, dreaming, arousal from sleep and control of breathing and coordination of some muscle movements |
| Cerebellum (Hindbrain ) | the cauliflower-shaped structure ocated at the base of the brain that looks like a mini-brain |
| brain stem (Hindbrain) | |
| Regions of the brain | Hindbrain, Midbrain, Forebrain, cerebral cortex |
| reticular formation (Midbrain) | helps screen incoming information, alerts higher brain centres to import information, helps maintain consciousness, and regulates arousal and muscle tone |
| cerebrum (Forebrain) | largest and most complex part of the brain with the cerebral cortex and its outer layer and areas involved in complex mental abilities |
| Hypothalamus (Forebrain) | helps maintain the body's internal environment by regulating release of hormones and influences behaviours associated with basic biological needs |
| Thalamus (Forebrain) | relay station for sensory information (except smells) |
| cerebral hemisphere | two almost-symmetrical brain areas running from the front to the back of the brain |
| hemispheric specialisation | the idea that one hemisphere has specialized functions or exerts greater control over a particular function |
| contralateral | |
| corpus callosum | |
| cortical lobe | anatomical division of the cerebral cortex associated with different functions |
| Broca’s area | speech production |
| association area | |
| frontal lobe | upper forward half of the brain |
| localisation | |
| parietal lobe | upper back area of the brain between the frontal and . occupational lobes |
| prefrontal cortex | |
| occipital lobe | rearmost area of each cerebral hemisphere |
| primary auditory cortex | receives and processes sounds from both ears |
| primary motor cortex | initiates and controls voluntary movements |
| primary somatosensory cortex | receives and processes bodily sensory information |
| primary visual cortex | receives and processes visual information from the eyes |
| temporal lobe | lower, central area of the brain, above and around the top of each ear |
| Wernicke’s area | area of the brain involved in speech production and comprehension |
Created by:
georgia.sampson
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