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Question	Answer
Right ventricle	Sends o2 poor blood to the lungs
Left ventricle	Sends 02 rich blood to the body
What are the structures of the Airway	Nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, treachea, bronchi, and lungs
Cerebrovascular accident	Another term for stroke
Drop report is another term used for	Transfer report
Whats the largest organ in the body?	Liver
Deep pain in the muscles and joints	"The bends"
"The bends" is a symptom of what?	Decompression sickness
why were standard orders devolved?	because the dr. cant be at every single call
who is the designated agent performing standing orders during an offline?	the EMT
How is the enhanced 911 system different from the normal 911 system?	its capable of automatically identifying the callers phone number and location.
What's the number one role and responsibilities of an EMT?	Personal safety
How can you continue education as an EMT	Professional training, certifications, conferences, and seminars
What are the two ways an EMT can prevent injury to the public	Notice fall precautions in patient homes and educate the public
Why would a color-blind EMT have difficulty on the job	Because they couldn't notice the color of a patient's skin Lips nail beds to help identify an illness
What year did Congress pass the National Emergency Medical Services System act across the United States	1973
Who started EMS	Department of Transportation
In what year was the National Registry of EMS found	1970
What did the NHTSA do for the ems system	Establish a set of standards
5 types of Specialized Care in hospitals	Trauma Center Burn Center Pediatric Center cardiac center and stroke center
Telephone access to report emergencies	911 system
What are the four General levels of EMS training	Emr, emt, aemt, papamedic
Patient, 911 caller, nine-one-one dispatcher a, first responder a, EMT, ER staff, Health Services disorder is called what in EMS	Chain of operations
Who was considered the system by which the medical community sees the basic overall health of a population	EMTs
In what time frame did the ambulance service begin in major cities but with no medical care	1900's
Who passed the 1973 National Emergency Medical Services System Act	Congress
Who will review all of your squad reports to find better ways to do things	Quality improvement
Who oversees trainings and develops protocols	The medical director
List of places where an EMT job can be found aside from an ambulance service and Hospital	Fire Department, royal setting, urban setting
Explain the difference between offline and online medical Direction	Offline is when you don't have to ask online is when you need to contact the doctor on call
The Ada protect who and what	The rights of disabled
Who helped establish the Red Cross	Clara Barton
In what year did the DOT Start EMS	1966
What system does EMS have in place to uphold the highest standards of care	Quality improvement
What can an EMD do differently than a regular dispatcher	To provide emergency care instructions over the phone
Medicine is baised on what?	Research
What is the weight limit of a normal powered stretcher?	700lbs
Scoop basket and flexible are three examples of what?	Stretchers
Long spine board used to move patients	Backboard
Move the patient in order to provide adequate treatment	Urgent move
Moving a patient due to hazardous or life-threatening scenes	Emergency move
Long axis drag	Dragging a patient head first by their shoulders and long ways in a direct line with the spinal cord
The greatest danger to a patient in an emergency move is what	A spine injury
A disease transferred only by cough droplets	H1N1
A disease transferred by contact with a wound or infected surface	Staff/MRSA
PTSD symptoms may not even start for months or years after events to place.	Delayed stress reaction
Disease that was originally limited to Europe & Africa that has now spread to the US via transmission mosquitoes	West nile
Disease found in poultry that doesn't pass from human to human it starts as flu-like symptoms but progresses to acute respiratory	Avian flu
A stress reaction that is not caused by one single event but by the same event happening repeatedly	Cumulative stress reaction
Retreat Radio Re-evaluate	The 3 "R,s" of danger
Police officer firefighter or volunteer with un- practiced basic medical training	Emergency medical responder
Technician with the highest level of Advanced Medical training equivalent to a medical associate degree	Paramedic
A disease that spreads through droplets by coughing sneezing touching contaminated eyes or nose attacks the respiratory	Sars
Name two types of pathogens	Bloodborne an Airborne
Any contacts such of a needle stick or contact with a potentially infectious fluid must be what	Reported
A set of conditions that result when the immune system has been attacked by HIV	Aids
You should always carry two sets of what	Gloves
In what year did OSHA standards on blood work pathogens take effect	1992
Any situation that triggers a strong emotional response	Critical incident
Jails, homeless shelters, long-term care facilities, and drug treatment centers are all high risk areas for Contracting what	Tuberculosis
A form of infection control forcing the EMT to assume any blood or bodily fluids are contaminated	Standard precautions
Disease transferred by Airborne particles or genetics	Measles
The cleaning or removal of chemicals diseases or infection	Decontamination
Disease transferred by saliva or mucus	Meningitis or pneumonia
Positive form of stress that helps you work under pressure and respond effectively	Eustress
The introduction to chemicals diseases or infection	Contamination
Technician with practice based medical training	Emt
Primary physician responsible for the EMS team	Medical director
The release of any harmful substance into the environment	Hazardous material incident
Large scale catastrophe natural disasters plane crashes and coworkers dying in the field would cause this type of stress reaction	Acute stress reaction
Irritability changes and activity difficulty sleeping anxiety and isolation are all symptoms of what	Stress
The process of continuous self review to identify aspects of the system that require Improvement	Quality Improvement
Diet exercise time to rest these are all examples of what	Ways of coping with stress
A list of biohazard numbers located on any rig	Emergency guide book
Team of mental health professionals that meet with the EMTs after a serious call	Critical incident stress debriefing
Disease of the lungs transferred by Airborne particles or cough droplets	Tb or whooping cough
Established procedures by which EMT workers may find out if they have been exposed to a life-threatening infectious disease	Ryan White Care Act
Dr. Hans Selye discovered what?	Three stages of grief
Alarm stage of resistance and exhaustion are all stages of what	Stress
A system of resources for EMS personnel to prevent and deal with stress	Critical incident Stress Management
Pets drugs bystandards or perpetrator are all considered what?	Dangers to the EMT
Negative stress that can happen when the stress of a scene becomes overwhelming	Distress
Disease transferred by blood sex or genetics	Hiv/aids
Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance	Stages of grief
Must be included with warning levels of containers used to ship blood or any other potentially infectious material	Biohazard symbol
What do pathogens cause	Disease
Organisms that cause infection such as viruses or bacterial	Pathogens
Disease transferred by contact with any bodily fluid	Hepatitis
An infection that sometimes settles into the lungs and can sometimes be fatal	Tb
A state of physical or psychological arousal to stimulus	Stress
A disease that is transferred by Airborne particles or skin to skin contact causing itchy bumps	Chicken pox
The oldest known living disease in 1916 it killed 30- 50 million people	Influenza
Gloves mask robe and apron are all examples of what?	PPE
What can cause inflammation of the liver	Hepatitis
Air medical crash, heart attack, vehicle crash	3 biggest ways EMTs die on the job
Be tolerance of anger listen without speaking don't give false hope these are all things that an EMT should do to help what	Manage grief
Disease transferred only by contact with saliva	Mumps
Technicians with practiced Advanced Medical training	Aemt
Yourself, your partner, EMS crew, patient, co-workers, bystandards	Order of safety concerns
What are the four communicable diseases of greatest concern?	Hep b, hepc, tb, hiv/aids
What is not a sign of breathing?	Palpitations
For skin to be cold and clammy it have to be what	Cool and moist
When looking at pupils what does not matter	Color
With an unstable patient you should do vitals every how many minutes	5
Wheezing and gurgling are a what	Respiratory sound
A sign of poor blood circulation	Modeling
Kids and infants have respiratory problems which one has it worse	Small newborns
A 40 year old female has a systolic of ____ which is Normal	100
When deflating a blood pressure cuff the first number is what	Systolic
In a stroke or head injury pupils will look	Unequal
The last thing to be assessed during a rapid trauma assessment is what	Extremities
What can you do to keep a patient calm during an assessment	Explain what you're doing
In later stages of shock a patients pulse becomes what	Rapid, tready and weak
Symptoms or something a patient feels are what	Subjective
A good blood sugar is what	140
When you have a life threat what type of assessment is necessary	Primary assessment
________ is not an intervention because it's not doing something	Pulse
Assessment sign most prominent with children	Capillary refill
In a rapid trauma assessment look for	Deformities
Vitals are taken during what	Physical examination
Another word for bruised	Contusion
This is less useful in adults	Capillary refill
C spine should not have	Softness
Normal oxygen level	96%
Paradoxical motion with signify what	Chest injury
Flat veins mean what	Bloodloss
In what patient would a pulse at rest be the lowest	An elderly woman
At what point is a patient considered feberol	Fever of 101°F
You should be concerned with a pulse rate of	120
Low pulse	Bradycardia
If you can't find a radial post what do u do	Try the other wrist
A Rapids pulse is also known as what	Tachycardia
Not being able to breathe is a	Signs and symptoms
If patient is unresponsive what kind of exam should be performed	Rapid physical exam
Ventral means	Front
Platelets do what	Clot
What makes up more than half of the volume of blood	Plasma
Acute	Sudden onset
Chronic	Long term
What are the four chambers of the heart	Left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle
What is the endocrine system responsible for	Skin, hair, and thyroid
What is the Integumentary system responsible for?	Protect the body, water balance, and temperature regulation
How many systems are in the body	11
Body to brain what kind of nerve	Sensory nerve
Brain to body what kind of nerve	Motor Nerve
What makes atp	Mitochondria
What is the power house of the cell	Mitochondria
Is a torn muscle a strain or a sprain?	Strain
Is a torn ligament a strain or a sprained	Sprain
A broken femur can lose how much blood	2 liters
What is the difference between a strain and a sprained	Sprain is a ligament; strain is a muscle
What stops of the sodium pump stops	Atp
If you are swollen with excess water what should you do	Drink more water
Air move through one cycle	Tidal volume
What is the average adult title volume	500ml
Explain hypoxic Drive	The thing that told you to breathe
What carries oxygen in the blood	Hemoglobin
Head tilt chin lift is only to performed when	When no trauma to the spine is present
Where is the albumbeuma located	Plasma
What is lma?	Old-school standard eye gel
What are the numbers for a partial non Rebreather	9-10lpm; 40-60%
What are the numbers for the Venturi mask	Up to 15 liters per minute
What's the formula for oxygen cylinders	2,000psi x constant÷ flow rate
How long is it appropriate to suction	10 seconds
Do you suction on the way in or the way out	Out
What are the numbers for an rebreather	12-15lmp; 80-90%
What are the numbers for a nasal cannula?	1-6lmp; 24-44%
Explain cardiogenic shock	Heart problems.
Explain the golden rule with shock	The time between infection and surgery
Infants and children will maintain stable vitals even up until they have lost how much of total blood body volume	Half
What is the maximum time limit on a scene that the Emt should be there for shock	10 minutes
Explain neurogenic shock	Spinal cord injury no actual blood lost septic anaphylactic or vaizodialation
With hypervolemic shock it is important to note the time that it started instead of the time you arrive why	Because the clock starts taking at the time of the injury not the time you arrive
Sickle cell anemia is most common in what group of people	African descent
How would a patient appear if they are suffering from chronic anemia	Pale and often have complains of shortness of breath
What type of anemia occurs overtime in can be caused by condition such as heavy slow stomach bleeding	Chronic anemia
What type of anemia results of sudden trauma	Acute anemia
Lack of normal blood cells in the circulation	Anemia
One cycle of feeling and draining the perennial cavity in perennial diagnosis	Exchange
Bacterial infection within the perennial cavity	Peritonitis
If I break and felt on a general palpation such as what typically occurs within arteriovenous fistula	Thrill
The AV in av fistula stands for what	Artery and vein
What forms the most tablecloth replacing the initial efforts of the platelets to stop the bleeding	Plasma
Where is blood created	Bone marrow
The liquid in which the blood cells and platelets are suspended	Plasma
Fragments of larger cells that are crucial to the formation of clots	Platelets
Aggression is another word for what	Clumping
How are blood cells removed from the body	Through the spleen
How long do the blood cells survive in circulation	A short time
What are the four components blood is made of	Red blood cells white blood cells platelets and plasma
Controlling bleeding in clotting and delivering oxygen to the cells is what	The blood system should be doing
Level 1 Hospital	Has a trauma center
Level 2 Hospital	Has a burn unit
Level 3 Hospital	Has a pediatric unit
Level 4 Hospital	Has a cardiac unit
Level 5 Hospital	Has a stroke Center
What are the five levels of hospital care	Trauma burn pediatric cardiac and stroke
Top of the uterus close to the belly button that swells during pregnancy to tell how far along the mother is	Fundus
Talking =	Breathing
Which set of humans are belly Breathers	Kids
Perform ABC if	There are signs of life
If no signs of life are present you need to perform	Cab
A clear Airway is a	A patent airway
3 things to do during a general impression	Look listen and feel
To get to the pee and Avpu you can	Pinch the earlobe, rub the sternum, pen to nail bed
The decision regarding the need for immediate transport of the patient versus brother assessment and care at the scene	Priority
Are way breathing and circulation	Abcs
Actions taken to correct or manage a patient's problems	Interventions
In emergency medicine the reason EMT are usually called in the patients on words	Chief complaint
Impressions of the patient's condition that is formed on 1st approaching the patient based on the patient's environment	General impression
Level of responsiveness is also known as what	Mental status
The area around the wreck of a vehicle collision or other incident where special safety precaution should be taken	Danger zone
Avpu	Alert, verbal, painful responses, and unconscious
General impression mental status ABC's determining priority of the patient for treatment or all what	Part of the primary assessment
The collarbone	Clavicle
Brain and spinal cord	Central nervous system
The hand bones	Metacarpals
How do you get from an oxygenated artery to a deoxygenated vein	Artery,arteriolies, cappillary bed, venules, vein
What's the most important part of cardiac arrest care	High quality chest compressions
Ischemia	Low or lack of oxygen in specific locations or a clot blocking oxygen
What are caused by inadequate perfusion of the heart	Angina pectoris and acute MI
------- is a simple pump that moves D oxygenated blood to the lungs and oxygenated blood to the body	The heart
----- is a blanket term that refers to a number of situations in which perfusion of the heart is inadequate	Acs
What percent of people have no chest is comfort during a heart attack	10-20%
If a patient goes back into cardiac arrest after Revival them what should you do	Stop vehicle and resume CPR
Thumper and Auto Pulse are 2 what	Mechanical devices and assisting EMT to provide high-quality compressions
How deep should just compressions be for children or infants with full chest recoil	1/3 depth of the chest
How deep should just compressions be on an adult	2 inches
How long can chess compressions be in erupted when it comes to CPR	10 seconds
What are dobyou do if the Aed machine finds no shockable rythm and will not shock	Resume CPR immediately
When is it okay to interrupt CPR	Only when it's absolutely necessary to do so
Can you perform in a eating machine on a patient with a port or an implant to device	Yes
What should you be removing before the administration of an AED	Med patches oxygen and people
A type of shock delivered by the AED that sends us signal shock from negative pad to the positive pad	Monophadic
The classified type of shock delivered by the AED that sends a shock in one direction and then the other	Biphadic
Does a analyze is cardiac rhythm to determine whether a stock is indicated	Aed
What does construct mean	Get smaller
What does dialate mean	Get bigger
The pulse felt in the upper arm	Brachial
The pulse felt at the wrist	Radial
Pulse felt at the neck	Carotid
What is hemophilia	Bleeding disorder
Three types of muscles	Smooth skeletal and cardiac
Is smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary and what does it cover	Involuntary organs
Skeletal muscle involuntary or voluntary and what does it cover	Voluntary movement
Where are cardiac muscle found	The heart
Give me two examples of ball and socket joint	Hip and shoulder
How many pairs of ribs does the human body have	12
What's the function of the skull	To protect the brain
How many vertebrae does the spinal cord have	33
The bones of the Thorax Foreman internal space called what	Thoracic cavity
What organ secretes insulin	Pancreas
How many chambers of the heart are there	4
What is converted by the cells and energy into the form of ATP	Glucose
What is essential for movement sensation and vital functions	Spinal cord
The body regulates pH through what system	The buffer system
Airway structures are more easily obstructive in whom and why	Children because noses and mouths trachea is more narrow the tongue takes up more space in the mouth and the carotid cartilage is less rigid
How many layers of skin are there and name them in order	3 epidermis, dermus, and subcontinuous layers
And what cavity is the heart located	Thoracic cavity
What is the size of the heart	The size of a Fist
When a patient is suffering this condition there is not adequate blood flow throughout the body and little oxygen is getting to the organs	Hypoperfusion or shock
Red blood cells do what	Bring an oxygen and push out carbon dioxide
What are platelet responsible for	Clotting the blood
What are white blood cells responsible for	Fighting infection
Name three things found in plasma	White blood cells red blood cells and platelets
What is the difference between a vein and an artery	Pain has no oxygen and arteries are rich in oxygen
I am a drop of blood going into the heart do I pass through a vein or an artery first	Vein
Name some organs that are located in the left upper quadrant	Liver spleen kidney stomach colon pancreas
What are the three main functions of the muscular skeletal system	To give the body shape to protect the organs and to provide for body movement
The position when a patient and lying on their side is called what	Lateral or recovery
Cervical thoracic lumbar sacral and coccyx are what	5 divisions of the spine
7,12, 5,5, and 4 are the numbers of what	5 divisions of the spine vertebrae
The position of a patient when they are laying flat on their stomach is called	Prone
The position in which a patient is laying flat on their back is called	Supine
At what degrees are Fowler position	45°-60°
What is the difference between medial and lateral	Lateral means away from the body medial means closer to the inside of the body
Av node	40-60
Perkengie fibers	20-40
Anatomocal position	Facung fwd and palm of hands facing fwd
When speaking about nodes whats the order and kick in numbers	Sa node= 60-100 Av node= 40-60 Perkengie fibers= 20-40
3-5 years	Preschool
6-12 years	School aged
13-18 years	Adolescence
19-40 years	Early adulthood
Posterior	Back
Dorsal	Back
Medial	Close to the torso
Proximal	Close to the torso
Distal	Away from the torso
Lateral	Away from the torso
Birth to 1 yr	Infancy
12-36 months	Toddler
Soul of feet	Planter
Anterior	Front
Ventral	Front
Whats the difference between implied and expressed consent?	Implied- to help unconscious life threat, childrenx and mental instable Expressed- verbally spoken
Listening with a stethoscope	Ouscultation
Glucose is defined as what	Sugar
Basal skull	Face trauma
This kind of fracture is a life threat	Femur fracture
Are signs objective or subjective	Objective
Bruising behind the ears	Battle signs
How many liters for an nonbreather	12-15
Difference between ventilation and respiration	Ventilation- movement of gases Respiration- exchange of gases
SA node	60-100 bmp
The appendix is attached to what?	The intestine
When should u not use a nasal faraengel	Basal skull
61 AND older	Late adulthood
Resulting from poor 02	Cynotic
Sagittial plane	Vertical line drawn from the neck
Inhalation is what kind of process?	Active process
Palms of hands	Palmer
Normal 02	96%-100%
Traverse plane	Line horizontal across the stomach
What is the nasal Pharynx	Airway behind the nose
Alvusion	Skin tear
Invirsiation	Guts falling out
41-60 years old	Middle aged
Mid axillary	Line going from armpit to feet
Laceration	A cut
In road rash what injury should u look for?	Abrasions
Hemofelia	Blood disease
Whats the importance of vital trending	Watch for differences
Hemotoma	Blood pocket
When removing a stinger what should never be used	Tweezers
Severe prolonged asthma attack	Status aspatics
Contusion	Bruise; usually as a result of trauma
A patient with alcohol withdrawal sees hallucinations	DT's
What can be carried but not used by emts?	D50
A diabetic pt sucoms to altered mental status at 60	False
Name 3 reasons to automatically call a chopper	Ejection, rollover, death in a vehicle
In AVPU a patient who can open their eyes and squeeze your hand as what	Verbal response
Prostictal state follows what	Seizures
Eccomosis	Bruise that is not a result of trauma
What should always do with medical director?	Repeat back
Whats a symptom of anaphylaxis?	Bradycardia
What's the difference between a contusion and eccomosis?	Contusion- bruise Eccomosis- is not
Whats the best way to guage a patients breathing rate	Count for 30 seconds and multiply by 2
When assessing a patient with altered mental status what should you always do	Check the Airway
When you are called to a medical salcene and identify yourself as an EMT you are stuck there under what law?	Duty to act
What's the purpose of General impression	To determine treatment priority
When glucose crosses the cell membrane and is broken down into acid this process is called what	Glycoleolysis
What are the classifications of burns	By: agent, source, depth, and severity
What's the difference between 2nd and 3rd degree burns	Skin turns white and has no pain
What's the difference between first and second degree burns	Blisters
What's 3rd degree burn called	Full thickness
What's the second degree burn called	Partial thickness
What's the first degree burn called	Superficial burn
Give me three examples of hard tissue	Teeth bones and cartilage
Examples of soft tissue	Skin, fatty tissues, muscles, blood vessels, fibers tissues, membranes, tissues that line or cover the organs are glands
How many levels of blast injury are there	4
Give me examples of closed wounds	Contusion, hematoma, clothed Crush injury, abrasion, lacerations, punctured, amputation, and evulsions
Tractor rolls on somebody what kind of injury is this	Closed Crush injury
Give me an example of an abrasion	Rug burn
Give me an example of a laceration	A deep cut
Give me an example of a puncture	Sharp pointed object
Give me an example of an evulsion	Skin tear
What is the difference between a pressure wave and a blast wave	A pressure wave is a wave of pressure moving out words from the blast Center a blast wave is a creation of super heated gases
A machine that injects grease or paint at high pressure	High pressure injury
2 reasons to hold C spine when it comes to blast injuries	Ricochet or electrical burn
Five different types of burns	Thermo, chemical, electrical, light, and radiation
Where is the Apex of the heart located	Bottem of the heart
What's happening in a systolic blood pressure	The left ventricle is constructing
What's happening in the diastolic blood pressure	The heart is refilling
How often do we turn vitals for a non concerned patient	Every 15 minutes
How often do we Trend vitals on it concerned to patient	Every 5 minutes
What is the building block for ATP	Glucose
Where is air exchanged in the lungs	Aveoli
Room air is what percent oxygen	21%
What detects the level of internal pressure	Stretch receptors
What is the maleoulous	The bump on the side of the ankle
Illium	The wind part of the hip
Is the cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary	Involuntary
What is the pancreas responsible for	Insulin production
What does the spleen do	Filter blood
Water follows what	Salt
Whats the patella	Kneecap
Whats the calcanues	The heel
Tendons connect what	Muscle to bone
Ligaments connect what	Bone to bone
Where is the carotid cartilage located	Inferior to the thyroid
Where is the thyroid located	I'm the Adam's Apple
What controls respiration	The medulla oblongata
What's the job of the chemo receptors	To send messages to the brain
Three or more broken ribs in two or more places	Flail chest
Three or more sets of vitals are called what	Trend
The sound or feeling a broken bones rubbing together	Crepitation
What are the differences between objective and subjective	Subjective are what a patient feels until you about objective are things that can be proven
What's the difference between Airway and breathing	Airway is the pathway breathing is the rise of the chest going up and down
What is the difference between a stoma and a trach	Stomach is the hole the trach is what's placed in the hole
What are the seven basic vital signs to get on every patient	Pulse, blood pressure, respiration, temperature, pupils, skin temperature, and skin condition
A condition of being stretched inflated or larger than normal	Distension
Bulging of the neck veins	Jvd
What's the first thing you do for a patient that has no Moi	Cspine
With no moI what type of assessment is needed	Rapid trauma assessment
What's a normal adult pulse	60-100
What is the first set of vitals called	Baseline vitals
Explain turgur	Pinching the skin on the hands to determine hydration levels
Explain priapism	Persistent erection of the penis that may result from a spinal injury and some medical problems
What's the route of administration for the inhaler	Inhalation
What's the normal dosage for an inhaler	It's based on medical direction or physician orders
Indications for inhaler use are	Patient exhibit signs and symptoms of respiratory emergency patient has a physician prescribed handheld inhaler
What class of drug is the inhaler	Bronchodilator
What's the mechanism of action for the inhaler	Brta-agonist Bronchodilators dialates bronchiales reducing Airway resistance
Metaproterenol, Albuterol, isoetharine are all three what names for the inhaler	Generic
What separates the upper and lower Airway	Epoglottis
Nitroglycerin is the what name for Nitro	Generic
What class of drug is Nitro	Nitrate
What is the mechanism of action for Nitro	Relaxes blood vessels in decreases workload of the heart
What's an indication for Nitro	Patient with chest pain and a history of cardiac problems and or patients position has prescribed Nitro or with a systolic blood pressure less than I don't know
What's the route of administration for Nitro	Po under the tongue
What's the Pediatric dose for Nitro	Zer0
What's the adult dose for Nitro	One dose repeating every 5 minutes up to three doses max. if the systolic nlood pressure remains above 100
Nitrostate, nitrolingual are---- names for nitro	Trade
Name one good reason not to administer Nitro	If a patient has a history of inferior MI
What's the convocation for Nitro	Patient has hypertension or systolic bp below a hundred patient has head injury or is an infant or child or the patient has already taken the allowed dose
What are the side effects of Nitro	hypotension headache and pulse rate change
Glutise, insta-glucose are---- namescfor glucose	Trade
What class of drug is glucose	Monosaccharide
What's the generic name for glucose	Glucose
What's the mechanism of action for glucose	Increase blood sugar
What's an indication for glucose	Patient with altered mental status and a known history of diabetes
What's the route of it ministration for glucose	Between gums and cheek oral
What's the dosage for glucose	One tube
Naloxone is the generic name for what medication?	Narcan
Whats the PO pediatric dose for Zofran	0.15mg
Whats the adult dosage for zofran?	4mg/15ml
Whats the PO adult dose for zofran	4-8mg
Zofran, ODT, Zuplen are what names for zofran?	Trade
What class of drug is zofran?	Antiemetic
Ondansetron is a generic name for what medication	Zofran
Mechanism of action for zofran	Blocks serotonin receptors to the cns
Where in indications for zofran use	Nausea and vomiting
What are the routes of administration for zofran	Iv/im/po
What are the conjugations for zofran	Allergies, hypertension, and loss of consciousness
Whats the conjugations for glucose	And Consciousness diabetic you has not been taking insulin for days and the inability to swallow
What are the side effects of glucose	None when given properly maybe aspirated on by a patient without a gag reflex
What are the only two ways of minor can give consent for treatment	Miners to have their own child or who r n the military
What people are not medically and legally allowed to provide consent or refusal to medical care and transportation	Children and mentally incompetent adults
What would a physician give orders to do to a dead organ donor and why	Start and continue CPR to preserve the organs with oxygen
What's the difference between liable and slander	Libel is written lies and slander is verbalized lise
What are the only reasons to not treat a patient in need	Patient refusal, it's dangerous to do so, or a DNR is present
A person who the DNR gave permiss to make healthcare decisions in case the patient becomes unable to	Proxy
List ways to convince a patient to go to the hospital	Speak to the patient in form of consequences consult medical direction as to call a family member or call enforcement
What type of abuse must always be reported	Children domestic and elder abuse
What are the safe haven age laws for Indiana and for Illinois	Indiana 45 days old Illinois 30 days old
Remembering what you touch working with police and minimizing your impact are always to do what	Not disturb the crime scene
If a patient has a DNR that the family wants to ignore what do you do	Call the medical director and have them talk to the family
Necules, Endoplasm reticulm and the mitochondria are all part of the what	Common cell structure
Where in the cell is DNA found	Nucleus
What contains the genetic blueprint for reproduction	DNA
DNA is found where	The cell nucleus
Low levels of oxygen	Hypoxia
High levels of oxygen	Hypercapnia
What protect send selective Lee allows water and other substances in and out of the cell	Cell membrane
What synthesize is protein	Endoplasmic reticulum
What's responsible for converting glucose and other nutrients in to energy in the form of ATP	Mitochondria
What is this of internal created fuel that is responsible for powering all the other cell functions	ATP
Cells have three basic functions what are they	Water glucose an oxygen
Low blood volume	Hypovplemic
Whats a major cause of shock?	Hemorrhage
How many types of bleeding are there?	3
What are the two ways bleeding or hemorrhaging are classified	Internal and external
During ---- waste products build up	Hypoperfusion
Name the three types of bleeding	Arterial veins and capillaries
Explain capillary bleeding	Slow Even flow oozing
Explain a venous bleeding	Study flow dark red color or maroon and easy to control
Spurting blood pulsating flow in a bright red color is what type of bleeding	Arterial
Why an arterial bleeds is the blood bright red?	Because it's so rich in oxygen
When using pressure Gauze pads to control bleeding when is it okay to remove the gauze pads	Never
The severity of a patient's bleeding depends on what	Speed in the amount of blood loss in relation to the patient's physical size
If a patient is going into shock and has blood loss what does that tell us	Nothing blood loss is severe even if it's internal
What's the most important element in the prevention and management of shock	Control the bleeding
What are the four ways to control external bleeding	Direct pressure elevation, hemostatic agent, and tourniquet
What's the most common and effective way to control external bleeding	Direct pressure
When is it appropriate to remove a tourniquet	Never
If a patient has severe bleeding what do you do	Don't waste time finding supplies just placed glove hand over it and apply pressure
After applying a pressure dressing what should you do	Check for a distal pulse to ensure that the dressing is not too tight
When is it not okay to use elevation as a control mechanism for external bleeding	If you suspect musculoskeletal injuries, impailed objects in the extremities, or spinal injury
Explain a hemostatic agent	It's Gauze or dressing that is placed directly onto the wound with a small amount of pressure applied
What do hemostatic agents do	Speed up clotting and stop bleeding
Name two side effects of epinephrine	Increase heart rate increase blood pressure
What's the only reason to give an aspirin	Chest pain
What are the condracations for aspirin	Allergy and stomach bleeding
What's activated charcoal used for	Poison
What's condracation mean	Reasons not to administer a medication
When should you not administer Nitro	If patient has low blood pressure or erectile dysfunction medication
All medication have three names what are they	Chemical brand in generic
What are the six rights to medicine Administration	The right patient the right time the right dose the right route the right medication the right documentation
Receives blood from veins; pumped to the right ventricle	Right atrium
A condition in which the hearts electrical impulses are disorganized preventing the heart muscle from Contracting	Ventricular fibrillation
A condition in which the heartbeat is quite rapid if rapid enough ventricular tachycardia will not allow the hearts Chambers to fill	Ventricular tachycardia
Shortness of breath labored or difficult breathing	Dyspnea
The heart and blood vessels	Cardiovascular system
Infection causing swelling around glottic opening in severe case is swelling can cause obstruction to the Airways	Epiglottis
Sharp chest pain decreased or absent lung sounds on one side with injured lung shortness of breath low oxygen saturation	Spontaneous pneumothorax
Chest pain shortness of breath low oxygen saturation cyanosis, tachycardia and wheezing are all signs of what	Pulmonary embolism
Dilation or balloon enough weekend section of the wall of an artery	Aneurysm
What will CPAP do to blood pressure	Lower it
Quick increased mucus buildup and swelling of the lungs	Flash pulmonary edema
What is the number one cardiac problem in children caused by	Respiratory
Respiratory rate of 60 and below in children what should you do	Immediately start CPR
What can indicate inadequate artificial ventilation in pediatric patients	Decrease pulse rate
What can indicate inadequate artificial ventilation in adults still trying to compensate	Increase pulse rate
Long collapses without injury or Heather obvious cause told them people and smokers are at a higher risk for this condition	Spontaneous pneumothorax
Blockage and blood supply to lungs, commonly caused by deep vein thrombosis or DVT increased risk from limb and Immobility local trauma	Pulmonary edema
What's the treatment for pneumonia	Oxygen and transport
What class of drugs is narcan	Opioid antagonist
Narcan, evzio, nasal spray are all what kind names c for narcan?	Trade
What's the mechanism of action for Narcan	To refuse the effects of narcotics and block receptors and stopping the high
Supplemental oxygen is the trade name for	02
What medications should you usually follow Narcan with	Oxygen to distribute the medication faster in Zofran to prevent vomiting
What are indications for Narcan	Respiratory arrest hyper ventilation other evidence of opiate used drug overdose by standards report drug paraphernalia tracks
What's the emt route of administration for Narcan?	Nasal spray
What are all the routes of administration for narcan?	Im/iv/nasal spray
What are the side effects for Narcan	Nasal dryness congestion inflammation headache muscle pain and increase blood pressure
What's the Pediatric dose for Narcan	Under 5 years old 0.1 mg per kilo Over 5 years old 2.0 mg
What's the adult dose for Narcan	2mg spray repeat to do 3 minutes PRN do not exceed 10 milligrams
What's the condraindicatation for narcan	Only in patients with known hyper sensitivity
What are most of the side effects located from Narcan	Opiate withdrawal
What would Narcan not be here for	Benzo such as morphine or xanax
Enriched oxygen and 02 are all generic names for what	02
What class of drug is oxygen	Medical gas
What is the mechanism of action for oxygen	Free versus hypoxia increases hemoglobin saturation increases tissue oxygen necessary for cellular function
What is the indication for oxygen	Hypoxia respiratory arrest trauma patients and low cardiac output patients
What's the route of administration for oxygen	Inhaler and ventilation
What's the dosage for Pediatrics in adults for oxygen	Target situation between 96 and hundred percent
What are condraindications for oxygen	Never to be given to a patient with parakeet poisoning, a patient with 02 toxicity or a non hypoxic pt
Side effects for oxygen	Prior bloody nose tiredness and morning headaches
What's the liters for an non rebreather	12-15
What is the liters for a nasal cannula	1-6
Glucagon is the generic name for what	Glucagon
Glecagon the parade name for what	Glucose
What cause of drugs is glucagon	Hormone hyperglycemia agent
What's the mechanism of action for glucagon	To release glucose into the bloodstream buy glyceagen breakdown
Indications for glucagon	Altered mental status or have low Airway low sugar hypoglycemia in a patient with diabetes
What is the route of administration for glucagon	Im
What's the adult dosage for glucagon	0.25-0.5 units
What's the pediatric dosage for glucagon	0.03mg/kg
Whata the condrication for glucagon	Sensitivity starvation fasting and adrenal insufficiency
What are the side effects for glucagon	Changing blood pressure increase heart rate allergic reactions nausea vomiting and low blood sugar
How many minutes does it take to start working after glucagon is administered	7-15
Where should glucagon powder be stored	Fridge
Adrenaline is the trade name for what drug	Epinephrine
What class of drug is epinephrine	Alpha beta adrenergicagon
What's the mechanism of action for epinephrine	Dial it's the Broncos construct blood vessels and makes the capillaries less permeable
What are the indication for epinephrine	Patient exhibit signs of severe allergic reaction including respiratory distress or stroke or medical direction authorizes it
Route of administration for epinephrine	Im/subq/ thigh or upper arm
What are some organs found in the right upper quadrant	Liver kidney colon pancreas and gallbladder
List some organs located in the left lower quadrant	Kidney colon small intestines appendix and bladder
List the six positions in which a patient can be in	Supine prone recovery Fowler semi Fowler and Trendelenburg
Virus bacteria or any other organism that can cause infection	Pathogen
Muscle tissue that conducts electrical impulses that stimulate the heart to beat	Cardiac conduction system
The ability of the heart to generate electrical pulses on its own	Automatacity
The two upper chambers of the heart	Atrium
Any Blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart	Artery
What does the root word Brady mean	Below normal or slow
Plegia	Paralysis of the limbs
Arthr	Joints
Tacky	Above-normal or rapid
Dys	Painful or difficult
Ist	One who specializes in
Ac/al	Pertaining to
What's the smallest artery called	Arteriole
microscopic vessels where gases and nutrients waste exchange within the body cells	Capillary
Bilateral means what	Both sides
Calcaneus	Heel bone
Round sac-like organ in the renal system used to store	Bladder
Cardi	Heart
Nero	Nerve
Nas	Nose
Or	Mouth
Hyper	Above normal or high
Hypo	Below normal or low
Ology	The study of
What is the difference between dorsal and ventral	Dorsal means back of the body ventral means front of the body
Difference between anterior and posterior	Anterior means front posterior means back of the body
Difference between Superior and inferior	Superior means top of the body inferior means lower part of the body
Difference between distal and proximal	Proximal means closer distal means farther away from from the body's torso
When should ABC be performed	Signs of Life
When should cab be performed	No signs of life
Bruising behind the ears	Battle signs
Liters for a double nasal cannula	1 to 6
Signs are subjective or objective	Objective
Avulsion	Skin tear
The appendix is attached to what	The intestines
Is inhalation active or passive	Active process
Glucose can be defined as what	Sugar
What is the nasopharynx	They are way behind the nose
What kind of a fracture would be life threatening	Femur
Resulting from poor 02	Cyanosis
Listening with a stethoscope is called what	Osculation
What is a symptom of anaphylaxis	Bradycardia
What's the worst thing a severe diabetic can do	Skipping a meal and not taking insulin
A patient with alcohol withdrawal seizures hallucinations called what	DT
Diabetic patient comes to an altered mental status at 60 true or false	False
How many liters for a non-rebreather	12-15
What should you always do with medical Direction	Repeat back
Hemophilia	Blood disorder
Occlusive dressing	Secure dressing
What can be carried but not used by an EMT	D50
What's the importance of trending vitals	Watch 4 differences
What's the best way to get your patient's breathing rate	Count breaths for 30 seconds * 2
What's the purpose of general impression	To determine treatment priority
When assessing a patient with altered mental status what should you always do	Track Airway
When removing a stinger wet you should never be used	Tweezers
Postictal State follows what	Seizures
You are called to a medical complaint and identify yourself as an EMT you cannot leave the scene unless you pass off your patient to someone of equal or greater education under what law is this true	Duty to act
When glucose crosses the cell membrane and is broken down into acid this process is called what	Glycoleoysis
Status aspectus	Severe prolonged asthma attack
An app to a patient with eyes that are completely open and squeezing your hand is what	Verbal
3 reasons to automatically call the chopper	Ejection rollover death in vehicle
Laceration	Cut
Contusion	Bruising as a result of trauma
Eccomosis	Bruising that is not a result of trauma
The inadequate circulation of blood flow	Hypofusion
The adequate circulation of blood flow	Perfusion
Breathing in is what kind of pressure	Negative
Breathing out is what kind of pressure	Positive
A patient is sitting in a chair	Fowler
A patient is leaning back in the chair	Semi Fowler
Patient has feet higher than the head	Trendelenburg
Birth to 1 year	Infancy
12 to 36 months	Toddler
3-5 years	Preschool age
13 to 18 years	Adolescent
6-12 years	School-aged
19 to 40 years old	Early adulthood
41 to 60 years old	Middle-aged
60 years old and higher	Late adulthood
What's the difference between implied and expressed consent	Espresso spoken consent implied consent is to help an unconscious person or a person with a mental disability
Name the route of blood in the heart	Superior and inferior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle,bycuspid valve pulmonary artery lungs pulmonary vein left atrium in Down the aorta to the body
Peripheral	Both sides
Planter	Soles of feet
Palmer	Palm of hands
Explain hypoxic Drive	The thing that tells you to breathe
And What patients do we not administer high levels of oxygen unless a respiratory distress	COPD and emphysema patients
The sagittal plane means what	Vertical line drawn down from the neck
Traverse plane means what	Horizontal line across the stomach
Three types of muscle	Smooth skeletal and coronary
SA node	60 to 100
Av note	40-60
Purkinje fibers	20 to 40
Front of the body hand facing forward	Anatomical position
Red blood cells do what	Carry the oxygen throughout the body
White blood cells do what	Fight infection
What is hemoglobins job	To carry the red blood cells throughout the body to oxygenate it
Basal skull	Facial trauma
Normal adult blood pressure	120 / 80
Normal adult pulse	100
Normal adult respirations	12 to 20
Normal temperature	98.6
Normal blood sugar	90 to 140
Normal oxygen saturation	96% to 100%
Normal child blood pressure	97 / 120
A normal child pulse	75 to 118
Normal child respirations	18 to 25
Things are patients feel are	Subjective
What's the fast in stroke stand for	Face arm speech test
If a patient has slurred speech aside from a stroke what else might be an indication	The patient is having trouble breathing
How many milligrams is 1 chewable aspirin	81mg
What does sludge mean	Every orifice of the body is leaking
Name six National EMT drugs	Aspirin oxygen glucose inhaler nitroglycerin epinephrine
What's the difference between hypoxic and hypoxemia	Hypoxic is low hypoxemia is low oxygen at the cellular level causing a side effect of cyanosis
Name three things your brain needs to survive	Sugar blood oxygen
Name six rights to medication administration	Right patient right time right Med right dose right route right documentation
What's the only reason to administer aspirin	Chest pain
What's the side effects for epinephrine	Increase blood pressure and heart rate
What's the conjugation for Nitro	Low blood pressure or on erectile dysfunction medications
All meds have three names what are they	Chemical brand and generic
What's the definition of conjugation	Reasons not to administer medication
What controls the respiratory system	Medulla oblongata
What's the conjugations for aspirin	Stomach bleeding or allergies
What's activated charcoal used for	Poison
What is the difference in contusion and eccomosis	A contusion is a bruise resulting from trauma ecchymosis is a bruise that does not result from trauma
Hematoma	Blood pocket
In Road Rash what injury would you look for	Abrasion
Invirsiation	Guts falling out
When should you not use a nasal pharyngeal	Facial trauma basal skull
Patient is lying face-down what position is this	Prone
Patient is lying face-up on their back what position is this	Supine
The patient is laying on their side on a stretcher what is the correct name for this position	Recovery
Pharmacodynamics	Study of the effects of medications on the body
What will happen if a tourniquet is left on too long	Amputation
What are some things you need to know in order to make a homemade tourniquet	It should be several layers thick in 2 to 4 in in width should be placed in between the injury and the Heart
Tourniquet should only be used where on the body	Extremities
When applying a tourniquet should be placed where on the body	2 in superior to the bleed in between the wound in the heart
What is a paramedic shot garment	An old-school pair of balloon pants we no longer use
What are two other ways aside from tourniquets hemostatic send direct pressure to prevent and control bleeding	Splinting and cold application
How would a cold application work to control bleeding	Minimize swelling and reduce bleeding by constricting the blood vessels
How could splinting something help control the bleeding	Because it stabilizes the broken sharp objects of Bones to prevent further damage to the tissues and vessels
Bleeding most often occurs from a wound caused by what	Direct trauma
Jane fell down and broke her arm and she was chasing Jack she is presenting signs of shock but she has no external bleeding what is the mechanism of injury	She has internal bleeding from the fractured bone
Give me some examples of direct trauma that would cause massive bleeding	Being struck or caught by something falling or stabbing
Some people get head injuries causing excessive bleeding how do you take care of this	Don't try to stop the bleeding
Epistaxis	Nosebleed
What is digital trauma	Picking your nose
What are two reasons for a nosebleed	Hypertension and digital trauma
How do you fix a nosebleed	A patient sit down and lean forward applying pressure
Why should you not allow the patient to do for epistaxis	Do not allow the patient to lean back because the blood will drip down their throat and cause them to be nauseated and vomit
What's internal bleeding	Bleeding inside of the body
And penetrating trauma you should always assess patients for what	Exit Wounds
What is the number one thing you should look around 4 and ask by standards about if someone has external bleeding	Moi
Injuries to the outside of the body bruising swelling or pain over vital organs painful swollen or deformed extremities that are tender and rigid could be a sign of what	Internal bleeding
What are you do for internal bleeding	ABC's oxygen a non-rebreather control bleeding in transport
Inadequate circulation of blood	Shock
The circulatory system consists of how many components and what are they	Three the heart the blood vessels and the blood
If what is being washed to external bleeding why does bleeding seem to increase	Because the heart rate increases
Shock prompt recognition of the condition and aggressive treatment are vital to ensure what	Patient survival
What are the three categories for shock	Compensated shock decompensated shock and irreversible shock
Explain compensated shock	That's why the body tries to compensate by increasing the heart rate and respirations and constricts the peripheral circulation
Turn compensated shock why does the heart rate increase	To increase blood flow
During compensated shock why do respirations increase	To increase oxygen of the blood
What's happening during decompensated shock	The body can no longer compensate for the low blood volume or lack of perfusion
What is a symptom or sign of decompensated shock	Falling blood pressure
What category of shock is considered late stage	Decompensated
What category of shock is considered an early stage	Compensated
What is happening during irreversible shock	The body has lost the battle to maintain perfusion in the organs
A patient has irreversible shock but his vitals seem to have gone back to normal yet you read of his obituary in the paper two days later why is this	Because the patient died of damaged organs due to perfusion failure in the organ system from shock
Breathlessness anxiety pale skin rapid pulse and Rapid respirations are all signs of what	Early shock
What stage of shock is it when a person has following blood pressure	Decompensated shock relate stage shock
As an EMT what are four things that you were supposed to do for shock	Early recognition High oxygen control bleeding and quick transport
As an EMT you will deal with three major types of shock what are they	Hypovolemic shock cardiogenic shock and neurogenic shock
Explain hypovolemic shock	Uncontrollable bleeding or hemorrhaging
A med used to reduce the clotting ability of blood to prevent and treat clots associated with MI	Aspirin
Specific signs or circumstances under which it is not appropriate and may be harmful to administer a drug to a patient	Contraindication
Referring to a route of administration that uses the gastro tract such as swallowing a pill	Internal
What's the maximum dose of aspirin Administration	4 pills or 324 mg
What is the maximum dose of pills for ibuprofen	4
The study of drugs their sources their characteristics and their effects	Pharmacology
An action of a drug other than the desired action	Side effect
The study of the effects of medications on the body	Pharmacodynamics
Referring to a route with medication administration that does not use the gastro tract such as IV meds	Parenteral
A gas commonly found in the atmosphere	Oxygen
What are specific factors that a medical person should look into prior to medication administration	Weight gender medications body mass and age
Heparin lock is really what	Saline
What are three component parts to an IV set	Drip chamber flow regulator in the drug or needle port
Route: oral	Swallowed
Route: sublingual	Dissolves under the tongue
Route inhaled	Breathe into the lungs
Route: intravenous	IV into the vein
Route intramuscular	Injected into the muscle
Route subcutaneous	Injected Under the Skin PPD
Route: intraosseous	Injected into the bone marrow cavity
Sprout endotracheal	Sprayed directly into the tube inserted into the trachea
What class of drug is activated charcoal	Antidote
What's the mechanism of action for activated charcoal	Binds to certain poisons and prevents them from being absorbed by the body
What's an indication for activated charcoal	Poisoning
What's the route of administration for activated charcoal	By mouth
What's a typical dose for activated charcoal	One gram of charcoal / 1 kg of body weight
What are contraindications for charcoal	Altered mental status ingestion of acid or alkaline the inability to swallow
What's the side effects for activated charcoal	Black stools and vomiting
What are you to do if you administer activated charcoal to a poison patient and they vomit	Re administer the medication one more time
Actidose,cLiquachar supercharband in such are all trade names for what medication	Activated charcoal
What are side effects of inhaler use	Increase pulse rate Tremors and nervousness
What is the contraindication for an inhaler	Patient is unable to use device because they are not alert inhaler is not prescribed to Patient no permission has been given by medical Direction
High pitch sound created by air moving through the narrow passages	Wheezing
Find crackling caused by fluid in the alveoli or by opening of the a viola	Crackles
Where is stridor usually heard in the airway	The upper Airway
This lung sound is usually heard in a lower airway	Wheezing
Produces continuous flow of air assault medication that can be taken and multiple brats over several minutes	Small volume nebulizer
Pressure buildup in the pulmonary capillaries fluid crosses then barrier and accumulates in and around the areola	Pulmonary edema
In severe cases crackles were sometimes wheezing maybe audiable through patients cough they may cough up frothy sputum usually white in color	Pulmonary edema
When the airflow is mainly restricted to One Direction	Asthma
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the alveoli congestive heart failure patients may experience difficulty breathing due to this	Pulmonary edema
Infection of one or both lungs caused by bacteria viruses or fungus resulting from inhalation and certain microbes	Pneumonia
How many types of pneumonia are there and what are they	3 bacterial viral and fungus
Side effects for CPAP	Hypertension pneumothorax increase risk of aspiration drawing in of the corneas
2 reasons to never use a CPAP machine on a patient	Previous lung collapse or lung abduction
Bronchial lining inflamed excessive mucis producing cells and bronchioles that normally clear the airway mucus accumulates	COPD chronic bronchitis
Inflamed bronchioles and excessive mucus are two symptoms of what	COPD chronic bronchitis
broad classification of chronic lung disease including emphysema and chronic bronchitis black lung	COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Chronic disease with episodes exacerbations during attack small bronchial Narrows mucus is overproduced	Asthma
Contraindications for CPAP	Severely altered mental status lack of normal spontaneous respiratory rate hypertension or shock nausea and vomiting
You cannot use this on an unconscious person but you can use it on and altered mental status patient	CPAP
Common uses for CPAP	Pulmonary edema drowning asthma and COPD respiratory failure in general
If a patient deteriorates you would remove CPAP and ventilate with what	Bagmask
This is generally a disease typically appearing in childhood causing thick sticky mucus accumulation in the lungs	Cystic fibrosis
What is the treatment for spontaneous pneumothorax	Transport for definitive care as a patient frequently requires chest tubing administer oxygen and CPAP
Treatment for epiglottitis	Keep patient comfortable do not inspect throw administer Ohio to if possible without alarming patient causing more stress
What kind of sound would be heard in the rhonchi	Low sounds
Wheezing gurgling snoring crawling and stridor are all what	Noisy breathing
How many lobes do we listen for with breath sounds	5
How many spots are there to listen to for breath sounds in the lungs	8
This is commonly prescribed for conditions causing bronchoconstriction	MDI
If you hear fluid in the lungs what is the first thing you should do	Call for ALS
Rails or low sounds resembling snoring or rattling caused by secretions in large Airways	Rhonchi
High pitched upper Airway sound indicating a partial obstruction of the trachea mostly found in kids	Stridor
Coughing with large amounts of mucus fatigue frequent occurrences of pneumonia abdominal pain and distention	Cystic fibrosis
What are infections that usually are minor but can sometimes be serious in patients with underlying respiratory diseases such as COPD	Viral respiratory infection
Shortness of breath with or without exterior coughing fever and chills chest pain often sharp headaches pale sweaty skin and fatigue	Pneumonia
What is the adult dosage for epinephrine	One adult auto-injector 0.3 mg
What's the dosage for Pediatrics for epinephrine	One child infant injection 0.15 mg
What's that contraindication for epinephrine	None when using in a life-threatening situation
What are the side effects of epinephrine	Increase heart rate dizziness chest pain Headache nausea vomiting excitability and anxiety
When administering epinephrine what should we use under 1000 to 1 or 10,000 to 1	1 to 1000
When is 1 to 10000 epinephrine used	Cardiac arrest
What class of drug is aspirin	Non-steroid anti-inflammatory
What is the mechanism of action for aspirin	Prevents blood from clotting as quickly leading to increase survival rate not used as a pain reliever
What are indications for aspirin	Complaints of chest pain
Route of administration for aspirin	Po and IV
Side effects for aspirin	Nausea vomiting heartburn bleeding if patient is allergic bronchial spasms and wheezing
What are contraindications for aspirin	Patient is unable to swallow allergic reactions gastro bleeding asthma bleeding disorder pregnancy recent surgery
What's the pediatric dose for aspirin	0
What's the adult dose for aspirin	324 mg or two to four 81 mg chewable tablets do not exceed dose or administer more than once
Another term for expiration	Exhalation
Constriction or blockage of the bronchi that leads from the trachea to the lungs	Bronchial constriction
Another term used for inspiration	Inhalation
A passive process in which the rib muscles and diaphragm relax causing the chest cavity to decrease in size and forced air	Expiration
An active process in which the red muscles and diaphragm contract expanding the size of the chest cavity and causing air	Inspiration
high levels of low concentration	Diffusion
10 medications on naemt drug list	MDI activated charcoal aspirin epinephrine glucagon glucose Narcan Nitro O2 and Zofran
How did the ribs move during inspiration	Upward and outward
How my adequate breathing be determined	By observing rate Rhythm and quality
In adequate breathing breath sounds normally present	Equally
What's the normal breaths per minute for adults	12 + 20
Normal respirations for a child	15 to 30
Normal respirations for an infant	25 to 50
Pediatrics have smaller Airways which could easily mean	Obstructions
What are some indications of adequate breathing	Rate out of normal range irregular rhythms diminishing or absent lung poot tidal volume
How many milliliters of oxygen is taken in on a normal person without supplemental oxygen according to title volume	500ml intake 150 Dead Space 350 good
What are signs for inadequate breathing in children	Nasal flaring grunting see-saw breathing chest and belly move unevenly and not at the same time retractions
Retraction	Entire body moves with one breath
Seesaw breathing	Justin Bailey move unevenly one at the same time
How to care for a patient with inadequate breathing	Assist ventilation with supplemental oxygen pocket mask rescue breaths BMV with supplemental oxygen
Artificial ventilation in adults should have how many breaths perMinute	12
Artificial ventilations on children should be how many breaths per minute	20
Position in which sitting with feet dangling and leaning forward arms usually in between groin	Tripod position
Tripod usually means what	Patient is having trouble breathing
Barrel chest would be a symptom of what	Inadequate breathing
Pressed lips in the number of words a patient can say without stopping are all symptoms of what assessment	Breathing assessment
The thing speaks for itself	Res ispa loquitor
	In loco parentis
Concept that the damage to a patient was the result or action of the EMT	Proximate causation
Liver right kidney colon pancreas and gallbladder which quadrant	Ruq
Liver spleen left kidney stomach colon and pancreas which quadrant	Luq
Left kidney colon small intestine major artery and vein to the left leg ureter	Llq
Right kidney colon small intestine major artery and vein to the right leg ureter and appendix	Rlq
The area around the wreckage	Danger zone
What's considered a severe fall with an adult	More than 20 feet roof for a second story structure
With blunt force trauma what should you always suspect	Internal injury
What's considered a severe fall for a child	More than 10 ft or two to three times the child's height
Things you have to ask but patient denies example patient denies pain	Pertinent negative
Syncope	Fainting
Tonic clonic seizure	Generalized seizure where patient loses consciousness
Halo test	Or spinal fluid moves around blood and looks like a Halo
What's an angulated fracture	Bend in the bone
Pallor	Pale skin
What's a greenstick fracture	Incomplete break
Any break in a bone open or closed	Fracture
Look for three things with musculoskeletal injuries	Circulation sensation and motor function
What's the purpose of splinting	To minimize movement and decrease pain
What is the purpose of cartilage	Flexibility
What's an example of an irregular bone	Skull
Can bones bleed	Yes
Three types of fractures	Communited green stick and angulated
Parastesia	The feel of pins and needles
The six PS of pain	Pain pallor pulses paralysis pressure parastesia
When osculating bowel sounds how long should it take for Quadrant if performed correctly	3 minutes
Renal colic	Kidney stones
What group of people have a decreased ability to perceive pain	Geriatrics
Air enters the lungs	Pneumothorax
What is the most commonly injured	liver
Example of a flat bone	Sternum
Flank blood	Bright red blood
What should you always consider an emergency	Abdominal pain
What is a very common symptom of shock and abdominal emergencies	Thirst
Both blood and air enter the lungs	Hemopneumothorax
Never put a splint on what type of fracture	An open fracture
Examples of short bones	Tarsals
4 hollow organs	Stomach the gallbladder bladder and small and large intestine
Blood enters the lungs	Hemithorax
Distended neck vein is a sign of what	Tension pneumothorax
Name four types of bone shapes	A regular long short flat
Dark tarry looking stool that looks like coffee grounds	Emesis
Hole in the muscle of the abdominal wall allowing tissue usually intestines to protrude up against the skin	Hernia
What's a narrow pulse pressure mean	Diastolic and systolic numbers get closer together
When the sac surrounding the heart filled with blood	Cardiac tamponade
What are three types of maois with the musculoskeletal system	Direct force of being struck an indirect for such as a fall and twisting wreck
Examples of long bones	Femur
A blood sugar over 140 is what	Hyperglycemic
What are the signs and symptoms of shock	Altered mental status flush dry skin or pale purple clammy skin nausea vomiting increased pulse and respirations decrease blood pressure
Four ways that poison can enter the body	Ingested inhaled absorb injected
If a diabetic has a sugar over what call ALS	300
A blocked artery which supplies blood to the brain or ruptured blood vessel in the brain are all causes of what condition	Stroke
What's an example of a low-velocity injury	Knife
How wide is the area of the danger zone	50 ft in all directions
What would be a common injury with a head-on collision	C spine head trauma up and over
What are three things that the RAS needs to function	Oxygen water and glucose
What system heart arteries and veins	Cardiovascular
Brain system spinal cord and nerves what system	Nervous
Kidneys uterus urethra urinary and bladder are all what part of what system	Renal urinary
Plasma red blood cells white blood cells and platelets are all part of what system	The blood system
Ovaries Fallopian tubes uterus vagina velvet and breasts are all part of what body system	Female reproductive
Bones joints and muscles are part of what system	Musculoskeletal
Skin hair nails and sweat glands are all part of what body system	Integumentary
Testes penis vasta friends prostate are all part of what body system	Male reproductive system
Nasal cavity pharynx larynx trachea lungs and bronchial tubes are all part of what body system	Respiratory
Pituitary thyroid and adrenal glands pancreas testes and ovaries are all part of what body system	Endocrine system
What is essential for movement and sensation	Spinal cord
Deformity of the skull unequal pupils in battle signs are all symptoms of what	Signs of cranial fractures to the brain
Rales and rhonchi are what kind of breathing sounds	Low sounds of snoring a rattling
I'll head injuries must be constantly monitored for what	Altered mental status
For an open neck wound you should what	Ensure an open Airway
How many pairs of cranial spinal nerves are there	12
A relay between most of the body and the brain is what	The spinal cord
The term splinting someone to death means what	Worrying about splinting instead of life-threatening issues
What is the master organ of life	The brain
Name three types of splints	Ridgid formable in traction
If GCS of less than 14 what should you do	Transport immediately
How do you measure a nasopharyngeal for depth	Corner of the nose to the lower ear
What is the only reason to attempt realignment of a fracture	To restore circulation
Weather in Orophatyngeal how do you measure depth correctly	Corner of the mouth to the bottom of the ear
For any splint to be effective it has to immobilize the area true or false	True
Open fractures require surgery true or false	True
What is a commuted fracture	A bone that is broken in several places
How to tell the difference between just an allergy and anaphylactic shock	Having trouble breathing and throat closing up
When a child swallows poison you should always assume they have swallowed a lethal amount true or false	True
Cherry red lips is a sign of carbon monoxide poisoning true or false	False
What is the phone number for the national Poison Control Center	1 800 222 1222
Give me an example of blunt force trauma	Bat blow to the Head
What do you do for a vehicle on fire or for a downed power line	Wait for help and do not let the patient get out of their vehicle
How can you tell the difference between compensated and decompensated shock	Blood pressure
What's the reticular activating system	That's responsible for the functions of staying awake paying attention and sleeping
Type 2 diabetic	Non-insulin dependent
What's an example of a medium velocity injury	Handgun
What do you do for a toxic spill	Wait for help
What would be a common injury with fall	Indirect trauma
Protein produced in the liver that contains fluid in the blood	Albumin
What is the ras system need oxygen water and glucose	Needs oxygen for brain perfusion water for brain hydration and sugar to nourish the brain tissue
What should you do for leaking gas	Get patient away
Diaphoretic also means what	Dehydrated
What would be a common injury with a rear-end wreck	C spine and whiplash
Ras	Reticular activity system
Type 1 diabetic	Insulin-dependent
Hypoxia can cause what	Stroke
How would you transport a syncope patient with a pulse over a hundred and thirty	Trendelenburg and have them beagle down like they are pushing out a baby
If a patient has swallowed poison what should you probably not do	Mouth to mouth without a face mask
What happens in the second 12 to 48 hours of acetaminophen overdose	Complains of pain in the right upper quadrant and jaundice at this point it's too late for an antidote Administration
You should treat a patient with chemical burn by putting on baking soda or white vinegar on the burn true or false	False
Best symptom to identify a AAA	Complaints of tearing pain
A sugar less than 60 to 80	Hypoglycemia
If you suspect intentional poisoning or a suicide attempt at a scene what should you do	Call for police backup
What's the most common type of poisoning	Acetaminophen
A headache that feels like a band around the head cyanosis altered mental status these are all indications of what	Carbon monoxide poisoning
What happens in a first for 12 hours with an a acetaminophen overdose	Loss of appetite nausea and vomiting
What is a detergent suicide	Killing oneself by mixing chemicals and breathing it in
4 Solid organs	Spleen pancreas liver and kidney
Oral cavity pharynx esophagus stomach small and large intestine colon liver gallbladder and pancreas are all part of what body system	Digestive
Explain what stridor is	High pitched upper Airway sounds mostly found in kids
How many irregular bones make up the face	14
Lower airway high pitched lung sound is what	Wheezing
Specialized nerve cells that transmit nerves	Neurons
Explain crackles	Crackling lung sound
The central nervous system is divided into two subsystems which are called what and what do they do	Central nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord and the peripheral nervous system which is responsible for sensory and they are pairs of nerves that enter and exit the spinal cord
Where is the sphenoid bone located	Start of the skull
Exsanguination	Fatal hemorrhage
Zygomatic bone	Cheekbone
What is the difference between the perennial peritoneum and the visceral peritoneum	The Perennial is the abdominal cavity the best girl covers the actual organ
What does transient mean	Homeless
If a patient feels nothing you should suspect what	Spinal injury
You should never take off a helmet after a bicycle wreck is that true or false	True
Cushing's tryout altered respirations high blood pressure and Brady are all signs of what	Intracranial pressure
Three types up hematomas	Subdural cerebral an epidural
When should you leave a helmet on after a wreck	Fits snugly Airway is okay to remove would cause injury
When should you remove a helmet after a wreck	Cannot manage the airway can't hold C spine in Cardiac Arrest is present
Name two functions of the blood	Transportation and nutrition
Reasons why shock develops	Heart feels was a pain in the blood volume is lost
Anaerobic metabolism	The bad kind oxygen is not used to Metropolis glucose creating a lot of voice product
Aerobics metabolism	The good kind oxygen is used to my channel is glucose small amount of waste products
IM	Intra muscular injection
Chemicals that form electrically charged particles called ions in body fluid	Electrolytes
What type of patient would be on a loop diuretics	Heart failure and kidney disease patients
What acts as the acending limb of the loop of Henie in the kidney	Loop diuretics
IV	Through an iv
PO	By mouth
Npo	Nothing by mouth
SubQ	Just under the skin (ppd)
M-cylinder ______ Liters of 02 ______ constant	3,000 liters 1.56 constant
Duration of flow in minutes formula	Psi - 200 x constant ÷ flow rate in liters per minute
What color oxygen cylinders have been assigned to all grades of oxygen	Green and white
CAPD is what type of dialysis	Dialysis without a machine
What does preload mean when it's associated with a heart	How much the heart filled
CCPD what type of dialysis is this	Dialysis with the machine
Rule of Palm	The palm of a patient's own hand which equals about 1% of the patient's bodies surface area
At what PSI is an oxygen cylinder no longer safe and needs to be switched out	200 psi
G-cylinder ____ liters of 02 ____ constant	5,300 liters 2.41 constant
H-cylinder ___ liters of 02 ___ constant	6,900 liters 3.14 constant
E-cylinder ___ liters of 02 ___ constant	625 liters 0.28 constant
K- cylinder ___constant	3.14 constant
D-cylinder ___ liters of 02 ___ constant	350 liters 0.16 constant
Rule of nines with infants	Head equals 18 front of the arms equal 9 back of the arms equal 9 pubic area is 1% 14 for the front of the legs and 14 for the back of the legs
Rule of nines with kids	Head equals 18 pubic area equals 1 front of the legs equals 7 back of the legs equals 7 front of the arms equal 4 1/2 back of the arms equal 4 1/2 torso equals 18 the back equals 18. Each arm totals 9%
Rule of nines with adults	Charm totals 9% head equals 9% pubic area equals 1% front of legs equal 9 percent front of arms equal four and a half percent. The back equals 18% percent Torso 18%
How many stages of labor are there	3
In increase blood volume cardiac output heart rate blood vessels oxygen demand and hormones are all normal psychological changes during what	Pregnancy
How much liquid does the amniotic sac contain	1 quart
The uterus is the medical term for what	The Womb
All third trimester pregnant patient should be transported on what side	The left
What is a normal amount of weight gain during pregnancy	20-24lbs
the proper way to stimulate a baby is by suctioning, true or false	False
What is maconium	Baby poop
After you deliver a baby what can you do to help the mom stop bleeding	Massage the mom's abdomen and have them breastfeed the baby
A baby comes out feet or butt first What's this called	Breech
How can a breach delivery be a bad thing	Risk of prolapsed cord
Two types of birth presentation that you should not deliver	Breach and Lynn presentation
After birth vent baby 4260 Bpm if the heart rate is lower than what	100
When clapping the cord after baby is born where do you measure for clamp placement	10 inches from the baby and then three more answers for the second clamp
If a newborn baby heart rate is below 60 what do u do	Cpr
One section in baby what's the suction order	Mouth then nose
What do you check for as soon as a baby's born	APGAR
What does gremis mean	Babies reaction to suctioning or flicking of feet
When do you not cut an umbilical cord	When the baby is breathing
How do you vent a baby	Just enough to watch the chest rise
What should determine the decision to transport or deliver a baby with Mom in labor	Crowning and vitals
It's a baby you're still born what should you tell the parents	The truth
New baby is born as an obvious stillborn what do you never ever do	Cpr
When a baby has died sometime prior to girth death is obvious by the presence of what	Blisters, foul odor, skin or tissue deteration,discoloration, soft head
What's happening during the first stage of Labor	Regular contractions, lightning, and contractions 30- 3 minutes apart
What's the term lightning mean in reference to pregnancy	The baby is moving down
What's happening during Third stage labor	Birth of the placenta take place as soon as the baby is born contractions continue throughout this it is not complete for 10 or 20 minutes
What's your job during the first stage of Labor	Measure contractions duration frequency and intervals
What color is amniotic fluid	Clear
If a mother is in labor and have signs of meconium staining what's going on	The baby is in distress I will likely have respiratory issues after birth
Green or brown yellow fluid is what during pregnancy and labor	Meconium staining
What happening during 2nd stage labor	The Mom feels the urge to have to poop but do not let her in the cervix is at 10cm
Explain abortion	Baby born before 28 weeks
What are signs of a miscarriage or abortion	Cramps bleeding and discharge
Spontaneous abortion	Miscarriage
If a woman is giving birth to her first child was the average time of Labor	16 hours
What's the major symptom to look for whith etopic pregnancy	Internal bleeding
What's preeclampsia	High blood pressure during pregnancy
What are signs of preeclampsia	High blood pressure excessive weight gain and swelling
Whats Eclampsia	Seizures during pregnancy brought on by preeclampsia
What's multiple birth what do you do to tell the babies apart	Label them. Baby 1&2 or label them baby A&B
Doing a delivery why is it important to guide a baby out	Because babies are slick and they fly away
In a delivery twins are bigger or smaller than a single delivery	Smaller
What's a normal heart rate for a baby just delivered	140
What should you do with the placenta after delivering a baby	Keep it
After delivering a baby the baby doesn't breathe on its own what should you do after you give the baby about 30 seconds to try to breathe on its own	Suction
And mother would like to be about what during delivery	500 cc's
Where should the placenta be when cutting the umbilical cord	Elevated Slightly higher than the baby
Where is the fundus located	Just Superior of the belly button
What to do for a Breeching Mom	Place her in the position of trendelenburg
Hey baby less than 5 and 1/2 pounds are born before 37 weeks is called what	Premature
And a multiple birth baby number 2 always tries to what	Breach
What is a prolapsed umbilical cord
	Pinched cord
What should you do when delivering a baby with a prelapsed cord	Keep the baby's head away from the umbilical cord
Bleeding in late stage of pregnancy usually signifies what	Problems involving the plecenta
Limb presentation	Where an arm or leg is trying to come out first
Hey baby is born with vernix coating do you leave it on or clean the baby	Leave it on
Explain placenta previoua	Weather womb has formed low in the abdomen directly over the cervix
Explain abrupt are placenta	Listen to separate from the uterus wall
Explain a topic pregnancy	Pregnancy outside of the uterus
A baby in the womb is called what	Fetus
Birth to 1 month old	Neonate
Why is it important to have more than one person at a live birth	So that there are extra Witnesses and no one gets accused of sexual misconduct
If a baby comes out sayonara what do you do in addition to suction	O2 blow by
In which zone do we treat patients	Warm Zone
Obese patients may have difficulty breathing when put in supine why	Because there's so much weight on the chest
Name three control zones	Cold warm hot
Which zone is for decontamination	Cold zone
Shingles is the adult version of what	Chicken pox
Malaze	Medical term for just don't feel good
If you have a patient with a guide dog what are you never supposed to do	Stand between the guide dog and the patient
Synobial fluid	Joint fluid
----- are most likely to commit suicide stemming from Health decline or lost spouse	Older men
Congenetic means	Born with or genetic
Can you shock a lvad	No
When strapping a patient to a stretcher where do you put the straps	Nipples Navel knees
What's the warm Zone	Where we decontaminate
Sleep apnea	Periods when one stops breathing in their sleep
What's the hot zone	Area of danger Ground Zero
How many stages of hypothermia	5
Three components of Pat	Appearance work of breathing and circulation to skin
If a child gets hit by a car which part of the body takes most of the impact first	Chest because of height
After age 30 what happens to the body	Heart rate declines and the organs lose 1% of function each year
Herpes zoster	Shingles
Feberol	101
When dealing with homeless or poverty patients be aware of what	Malnutrition lice bed bugs and scabies
With older people taking NSAIDs what's the number one risk factor	Stomach ulcers and internal bleeding
When an older patient has complaints of what take it seriously	Abdominal pain
Acquired means what	Developed and not born with
When you hear the phrase bridge to transplant its referring to what device	LVAD
Can you get shingles from another person	Yes but only if you had chickenpox as a child be sure to wear gloves
Belt like band following the path of the affected spinal nerve flu-like symptoms stomach pain chills fever and diarrhea	Shingles
Exacerbation means	All of a sudden it got bad
Feeding tube comes in two forms what are they and what's the difference	G-tube is a surgically implanted through the abdomen wall to the stomach and an NG tube goes through the nose to the stomach
To check for signs of life with an infant what do you do	Brachial or femoral pulse and capillary refill on top of the hand
What is the pat pediatric assessment Triangle used for	Three critical elements to identify life threats
With the ked we use what mnemonic	My baby looks hot tonight
What's the ventilation rate for kids under the age of puberty to birth	12-20
What are signs of shock in Peds	Diarrhea vomiting dehydration infection trauma and blood loss
Two ways to identify that I peed is having trouble breathing	Nasal flaring seesaw breathing and not using the extremities
What do you do for croup	High 02 cold night Air transport
The 1% rule	Organs lose 1% of function each year after age 30
Checking chest expansion efforts in sounds of breathing breathing rate and color of the skin in Peds is what type of assessment	Assessment of breathing
When doing vitals you always get BP in less the patient is under what age	3
Infection of the lining of the brain and spinal cord	Meningitis
When kids fall under age 4 years old why do they always seem to fall on their head	Because children's head is bigger and heavier than the rest of the body
Four types of Harm's from biological accidents	Chemical mechanical psychological and etiological
It's important to call dispatch when responding to a chemical incident to obtain what	Weather report
How many and what are they triage tags in mass casualty	1.red 2. yellow 3. green 4. black
Who should be instituting blockades to protect the work area at a scene	the first to arrive on scene
If you are called for a broken utility pole where do you park the rig	Outside of the danger zone
Red triage tag	Bad condition but savable
Kemtec is another word for what	Chemical response
Why is a fire truck a good vehicle to block a scene	Because of its weight and size
In a 50 mile per hour speed zone you place conesup how far should the farthest Cones be	225 ft
For a downed utility pole you are on scene and fill a tingling feeling in your legs what are you do	Hop away with feet together
green triage tag	Walking wounded
Why should you never stand in front of a car bumper at a wreck	Because it has an energy absorbing bumper system that spring loaded and can take out your knee
100 or over for heart rate is what	Tachycardia
Yellow triage tag	Alert has respiration but they are less than 30
What should you do during the scene size-up at a wreck	Look for hazards prior to extraction
Lacrimation	Flow of Tears
62/100 pulse rate is what	Bradycardic
Black triage tag	Bad and not able to be saved quickly even if they are breathing
Definition of triage	To sort
What's triage you have how many seconds to make a decision whether a patient lives or dies	30 seconds
When is RPM used	During triage
Chem telephone number	800-255-3924
What is a Hazmat	Hazardous material
What's the code Zone	where people are staged
Why is it vital to contact local hospital in MCI	So they can clear beds make room and call in extra staff
Whats a lavd	Pacemaker special kind left ventricle
If a patient has an AV fistula what should you never do in that arm	Blood pressure
In a baby a seal bark cough and mild fever indicate what	Croup
Croup turns into what if not treated	Epiglottitis
When you are treating a sick child and the parent is present allow the child to sit on the parent's lap during transport if it is not serious true or false	True
Example of respiration heat loss	Heat loss through exhalation of warm air and inhalation of cold air
Emulsifiacation	Washing with soap
in a 12 to 18 month old baby a sunken fontanelle would indicate what	Dehydration
Drink transport in a reg a child should always be what	Properly restrained
Example windchill heat loss	The faster the wind speed the greater the heat loss
In a 12 to 18 month old baby a bulging fontanelle would indicate what	Intracranial pressure
Bite marks bruises burns are laceration found on children is usually an indicator of what	Child abuse
Stage 1 hypothermia	99-96°F ; shivering
Croup with drooling can easily turn into what	Epiglottitis
Depression alcohol drug use overly insensitive temper or the I don't care attitude in parents made me and they are a risk factor for what	Child abuser
International terrorism	Terrorist attack with foreign Direction
Biological doses are measured in	Micrograms
Vector	A disease a carrying organism
Two types of terrorism in the u.s. what are they	Domestic and international terrorism
Ricin	Produced from Beans of a Castor plant cellular and tissue death easily made transmitted by inhalation
Viral hemorrhagic fevers (vhf)	Viruses that cause inflammation of the brain disease found in birds wild animals neurological problems headache sensitivity to light and is very contagious
Whats an RDD or dirty bomb	Any device that disseminates a radioactive material
Three elements to reduce exposure with bombs	Time distance and shielding
Smallpox	Virus that was eradicated by immunization in 1980 vaccination for this stopped in 1970 so if we get it we're fucked highly contagious incubation 12 days fever weakness headache back ache vomiting blisters and rash
Nuclear weapons have four categories what are they	Military nuclear weapon improvised nuclear weapon a dirty bombs in sabotage of nuclear facilities
Cholera	Diarrhea disease causing rice water stools and will kill you due to dehydration
Hyperthermia	Dying of heat stroke
Example of blast injury	Pieces of the bomb projectiles that cause injury by impacting the patients
Plague	Plague bacterium carried by rats squirrels and transmitted to humans by fleas mix for swollen lymph nodes in groin very contagious treatment needs to be administered or death follows quickly
Hypothermia	Freezing to death
Example of a pressure injury	Crush injury
Are molecules slam into one another creating a pressure wave moving outward from the blast sensor causing pressure injuries	Pressure wave
The patient may be exposed to harmful chemicals or toxins may be injured by a structural collapse	Fourth part of blastwave patient exposed to hazardous material and structural damage
Q fever	Similar to Anthrax comes from livestock incubation 10 to 20 days need antibiotics
Tidal volume	The average amount of the are approximately 500 mL in an average person moves with each breath
The four main toxins expected to be used in terrorism	Botulinum Ricin Seb T2
Photophobia	Intolerance of light
Rem	A measurement of radiation dosage
Etiological	Disease-causing
Encephalitis	Virus group of diseases that include a Bola Dengue Fever Marburg Lassa fever and more their effects are common hemorrhaging liquification of internal organs main characteristic it's whites of the eyes bleed very contagious and no cure
Tularemia	Bites from infected deer flies ticks fleas AKA rabbit fever or deer fly fever symptoms are fever headache weight loss needs antibiotics
Botulinum	One of the deadliest components known a hundred thousand times more toxic than nerve agents
Example of evaporation heat loss	Perspiration on wet skin resulting in body heat loss when the liquid evaporates
Stage 5 hypothermia	80-78°F patient loses Consciousness and doesn't respond to spoken words most reflexes cease to function heartbeat slows and cardiac arrest occurs
Local Cooling	Frostbite or frostnip speed nose toes and fingers
Three leading causes of EMT lawsuit	Patient restraints when forced to ride patient who refuses care or a wreck
Example of radiation heat loss	Body heat is lost to the atmosphere or nearby objects without physically touching them
Stage 4 hypothermia	85-81°F. Patient becomes irrational loses contact with environment and slips into a stupor State lower pulse and respirations cardiac dysrhythmia develops
Example of central rewarming	I putting heat pads on chest armpits and groin to warm the core of the body
Respiration evaporation conduction radiation and convection are all what	Mechanisms of heat loss
SCBA	Self contained breathing apparatus to be worn in the event of a chemical attack
Stage 2 hypothermia	95-91°F. Intense shivering a difficulty speaking
Example of passive rewarming	Blanket
Four stages of blast injury	Pressure wave blast wave patient displacement patient exposed to hazardous material or structural collapse
Blast wind May Propel the patient to the ground or against an object causing further injuries	Patient displacement
Convection	Body heat is lost to surrounding air
Concentration doses are all measured in what	Parts per million
Chemical doses are measured in what	Milligrams
Domestic terrorism	Groups or individuals whose terrorist and activities are directed at government without foreign Direction
Woolsorters disease	Most common form of Anthrax available to humans
Drowning outcomes are classified by three things	Death morbility and no Mobility
How to find Minute volume	Tidal volume X breaths per minute
Pleurisy	Inflammation of the pleural space
Late or deep local Cooling	Frostbite muscles bones and blood vessels freeze amputation is possible and most the time required
--- are often the principal targets for terrorist attacks buy secondary devices	EMS
Phone number for DAN	919-684-8111
two types of local cooling what are they	Late deep or early superficial
Examples of conduction cold	Sitting on concrete getting colder because of the concrete
Early or superficial local Cooling	Frostnip patient is unaware affects the skin freezing
Stroke volume	The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one contraction
Reach throw Tow row and go	Water rescues
His head against the wall causing C spine and or concussion	Examples of a patient with displacement injury
5 rolls of refusal of care	Be of legal age be drug and alcohol free stable mental status fully informed of risks sign a refusal
Example of active rewarming	Electric heating pads and or heaters
Stage 3 hypothermia	90-86°F shivering decreases and is replaced by strong muscular rigidity and jerky movements amnesia
Trichothecene mycotoxins (t2)	Produced from old heat resistant weight loss diarrhea vomiting weakness dizziness and shock no vaccine soap and water to get it off the skin and activated charcoal for ingestion
Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB)	Produces a food poisoning fever weakness and respiratory issues chest pain pulmonary edema severe causes are fatal

Created by: beautifulsoul

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