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Government Unit 4
Institutions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| California v. Bakke | Court affirmed Powell's opinion rejecting "quotas" but allowing race to be one "factor" in college admissions to meet the compelling interest of diversity; 14th Amendment, Civil Rights Act of 1964 |
| Tinker v. Des Moines | supports the protection of free expression that does not disrupt the educational purposes of the school; Extended student rights in school; 1st Amendment Freedom of Speech |
| Roe v. Wade | Gave a woman total control over the pregnancy during the first trimester and defined different levels of state interest for the 2nd and 3rd trimesters; 14th Amendment to the US Constitution |
| Webster v. Reproductive Health Services | Court began to restrict women’s rights to an abortion; 14th Amendment (Due Process, equal protection) |
| New Jersey v. TLO | Changed student’s rights forever; the standard’s for search and seizure on school property changed to admins no longer needing probable cause but reasonable suspicion; US Constitution Amendment IV |
| US v. Nixon | Confidential executive deliberations privilege is not absolute and can be overcome if a judge concludes that there is a compelling government interest; President is not above law; No relevant laws |
| Texas v. Johnson | Flag Protection Act 1989- this law made it a crime to knowingly mutilate, deface, physically defile, burn, or trample a US Flag. In 1990, Supreme Court of the US declared this law unconstitutional. Amendment I: Speech, Press, and Assembly |
| Earl Warren | Liberal Judicial Activist |
| William Burger | Liberal Activist |
| William Rehnquist | Conservative Restraint |
| How a case gets to the supreme court | appeal from a circuit court. A party seeking to appeal a decision of a circuit court can file a petition to the Supreme Court for a writ of certiorari. |
| Standing committee | permanent/specialized; 20 in the House, 18 in the Senate |
| Select Committee | temporary; created for a specific purpose and is disbanded afterward (Watergate) |
| Joint Committee | made up of members of both houses that function like standing committees focused on a policy area |
| Conference Committee | temporary, usually for the purpose of reaching compromise on a bill |
| Ways and Means Committee | all bills go through here. |
| Rules committee | issues rules for debate on the floor |
| Iron Triangle | the policy making relationship between congress, federal agencies, and interest groups |
| Example of an Iron Triangle | Military-Industrial Complex, DOD, Defence Contractors |
| President Impeachment | The House must first pass by a simple majority articles of impeachment, which constitute the formal allegation or allegations. The Senate tries the accused |
| Debate is different in House and Senate? | House has limits, Senate does not. |
| Presidential Succession Act | it establishes the order of who succeed the President |
| Top 5 in Succession to President | Vice President, Speaker of the House, President Pro Temp, Secretary fo State, Secretary of Treasury |
| Executive Orders | presidential directives that carry the force of law without the direct approval of congress |
| Executive Agreements | foreign policy agreements between our president and a foreign head of state that does not require congressional approval. |
| Executive Privilege | to keep people and conversations that take place between the President and his advisors confidential. |
| How do you become a justice? | Appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate for life terms |
| 2 President Key advisors not confirmed by senate | Chief of Staff, Vice President |
| First Amendment | Personal Freedoms: Speech, Press, Peacable assembly, petition the government to resolve a grievance. |
| Second Amendment | The right to keep and bear arms |
| Fourth Amendment | Protection from unreasonable search and seizure |
| Fifth amendment | protection from double jeopardy, be a witness against yourself, be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law |
| Sixth Amendment | Right to an attorney |
| Eighth Amendment | Protection from cruel and unusual punishment |
| Formal Powers of the President | commander in chief of the military; establish foreign policy, make treaties recieve ambassadors and heads of state; chief executive of the US; power to grant pardons and reprieves; appoint ambassadors, judges, and officers of the US |
| Formal Powers of the President | give congress a "state of the union" address; set the nation's policy agenda |
| War Powers Resolution | an attempt to clarify the power of the President and congress to send out troops into combat without a formal declaration of war; must notify congress within 48 hours of committing troops; they cannot stay more than 60 days without congressional approval |
Created by:
pochatkin
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