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ABNRML UNIT 4 TST 21
Mr. Stickler's Unit 4 "Anxiety Disorders" Test Studystack Flashcards 2021
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What do people living with anxiety disorders share? | They share a preoccupation with, or persistent avoidance of, fear provoking thoughts or situations. |
| List two (2) symptoms of anxiety disorders. | 1.) Excessive worry; 2.) Panic Attacks |
| What is one (1) way that fear can be useful in society? | This can be useful in that it helps people avoid dangerous situations and organizes our responses to threats. |
| What are two (s) differences between "fear" and "anxiety"? | "Fear" is a natural response to threats whereas "anxiety" is a more general or diffuse emotional reaction that is out of proportion to environmental threats. 2.) Anxiety is also associated with anticipation of future problems. |
| What is one (1) way that "anxiety" can actually be helpful? | One (1) way that this can happen is, at low levels, it can signal that a person should prepare for an upcoming event. |
| What is one (1) example of a situation in which "anxiety" can be helpful? | One (1) example of this is thinking about final exams. You may experience "anxiety", which lets you know that you need to study for your final exam. |
| List the three (3) characteristics of "anxious apprehension". | 1.) High levels of diffuse negative emotion; 2.) A sense of uncontrollability; 3.) A shift in attention to a primary self-focus or a state of self-preoccupation. |
| What does the term "worry" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to "a relatively uncontrollable sequence of negative, emotional thoughts that are concerned with possible future threats or danger". |
| What are two (2) things that can provoke "worry"? | 1.) Provoked by a specific experience; 2.) Provoked by ongoing difficulties in a person's life. |
| Complete the following sentence: "Worriers are preoccupied with __________________ rather than unpleasant visual images." | Self-talk |
| What does the term "panic attack" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to "a sudden, overwhelming experience of terror or fright". |
| How do "some clinicians" think of "panic attacks"? | Clinicians sometimes think of these as "a normal fear response triggered at an inappropriate time". |
| List five (5) symptoms of "panic attack". | 1.) Pounding heart; 2.) Sweating; 3.) Trembling or shaking; 4.) Sensations of shortness of breath; 5.) Feeling of choking. |
| List three (3) cognitive symptoms in people undergoing a "panic attack". | 1.) Feel they might die; 2.) Feel they are about to lose control; 3.) Feel that they may "go crazy". |
| What is a "cued" panic attack? | These are "panic attacks" in situations that already cause feelings of worry or anxiety. |
| What is one (1) example of a "cued" panic attack? | One (1) example of this is if a person is afraid (i.e. has fear) of public speaking, they might have one of these if they are forced to give a speech in front of a large group of people. |
| What does the term "phobia" mean, refer to? | This term refers to "persistent, irrational, narrowly defined fears that are associated with a specific object or situation". |
| List three (3) examples of "phobias". | 1.) Acrophobia (fear of heights); 2.) Claustrophobia (fear of enclosed spaces); 3.) Zoophobia (fear of animals). |
| What does the term "obsessions" mean/refer to? | This term refers to "repetitive, unwanted, intrusive cognitive events that may take the form of thoughts or images or urges". |
| What are two (2) ways that obsessive thinking can be distinguished from worry? | 1.) Obsessions are usually experienced by the person as being nonsensical, but worries are triggered by problems with everyday living; 2.) The content of obsessions often involves themes that are perceived of being socially unacceptable. |
| What does the term "compulsions" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to "repetitive behaviors or mental acts that are used to reduce anxiety". |
| What are the two (2) most common examples of "compulsive behaviors". | 1.) Cleaning; 2.) Checking. |
| What is one (1) example of an obsessive mental image? | One (1) example of this is imagining a family member being involved in a serious car accident. |
| What is one (1) example of an obsessive thought? | One (1) example of this is "I feel I might strangle a child". |
| What effect do "compulsions" have on anxiety? | "Compulsions", or "compulsive behaviors", reduce anxiety (but the do not produce pleasure). |
| What is the difference between "internalizing" and "externalizing" disorders where anxiety disorders are concerned? | "Externalizing" disorders are more concerned with symptoms with failure to inhibit problematic behaviors. |
| What does the term "specific phobia" mean/ refer to. | These are defined by "a marked and persistent fear that is excessive and unreasonable". |
| What does the term "social phobia" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to a persistent and marked fear related to social situations. |
| List the two (2) broad categories that people living with "social phobia" fall into. | 1.) Doing something in front of people (performance anxiety); 2.) Interpersonal interactions (such as dating and parties). |
| What does "agoraphobia" mean/ refer to? | This refers to a fear of public spaces. |
| What is one (1) thing that might help people living with "agoraphobia" that is not related to medications or counseling? | One (1) thing that might help these people is the presence of a trusted friend. |
| What are the four (4) criteria that must be met before a person can be diagnosed as having "Generalized Anxiety Disorder"? | 1.) Must have trouble controlling worries; 2.) Worries must lead to significant distress or impairment of social functioning; 3.) Worry must occur more days than not over a 6 month period; 4.) Must be about a number of different events or activities. |
| List three (3) symptoms of "Generalized Anxiety Disorder". | 1.) Restlessness or feeling "keyed up" or on edge; 2.) Being easily fatigued; 3.) Difficulty concentrating or mind going blank; 4.) Irritability. |
| List two (2) of the DSM-IV-TR criteria for a diagnosis of "panic disorder". | 1.) Experience recurrent, unexpected panic attacks; 2.) At least 1 of the attacks must have been followed by a period of 1 month or more where the person had either persistent concern over having more attacks or change in behavior related to the attacks. |
| About what percentage of people who qualify for a diagnosis of anxiety disorder ever seek treatment? | About 25% of people do this. |
| What mental illnesses are often comorbid with anxiety disorders? | Depression and substance use disorders are often comorbid with this diagnosis. |
| What four (4) things may lead to an increase in the prevalence of anxiety disorders as people get older? | 1.) Feelings of loneliness; 2.) Increased dependency; 3.) Declining physical and cognitive capacities; 4.) Change in social and economic conditions. |
| What is the only anxiety disorder that begins late in life with any noticeable frequency? | Agoraphobia. |
| List the 3 social factors that can lead to "anxiety disorders". | 1.) Stressful life events; 2.) Childhood adversity; 3.) Attachment relationships and separation anxiety. |
| List the 6 psychological factors that can lead to "anxiety disorders". | 1.) Learning processes (i.e how fears are learned); 2.) Cognitive factors (such as memory & perception); 3.) Perception of control; 4.) Catastrophic misinterpretation; 5.) Attention to threat & biased information processing; 6.) Thought suppression. |
| List the two (2) biological factors that can lead to "anxiety disorders". | 1.) Genetic factors; 2.) Neurobiology. |
| What is "interoceptive exposure"? | This is a form of treatment for anxiety disorders aimed at reducing the person's fear of internal, bodily sensations associated with the onset of a panic attack. |
| What is "situational exposure"? | This is a form of treatment for anxiety disorders in which a person repeatedly confronts the situations that have previously been avoided. |
| List the 3 psychological interventions that can be used to treat people living with anxiety disorders. | 1.) Systematic desensitization & Interoceptive Exposure; 2.) Exposure and Response Prevention; 3.) Relaxation and Breathing Retraining; 4.) Cognitive Therapy. |
| List the two (2) biological interventions that is used to treat people living with anxiety disorders. | 1.) Antianxiety medications; 2.) Antidepressant medications. |
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