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Research Methods
Error, control measures, non-scientific & non-experimental
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is error? | Any difference between an observed score and the true score. |
What is a measurement error? | May arise from flaws in the assessment instrument, mistakes in using the instrument, or random or chance factors. |
What are scientific methods? | A systematic way of gathering data and harnessing curiosity. This research provides scientific information and theories for the explanation of the nature and the properties of the world. |
What are non-scientific methods? | Is acquiring knowledge and truths about the world using techniques that do not follow the scientific method. |
What are control measures? | In a testing or experimental procedure instructions are given in a "scripted' manner so that all participants get the exact same information in the exact same way so as not to compromise the experiment. |
What are non-experimental methods? | Research that lacks the manipulation of an independent variable. Rather than manipulating an independent variable, researchers conducting non-experimental research simply measure variables as they naturally occur |
What are experimental methods? | Involves the manipulation of variables to establish cause and effect relationships. In an experiment, an independent variable is manipulated and the dependent variable is measured; any extraneous variables are controlled. |