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MUSC: Pathology 2
Pathophysiologies affecting the muscles (terms marked with * are cut off)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Rhabdomyolysis | a serious syndrome that can result from a direct or indirect muscle injury; the death of muscle fibers releases their contents into the bloodstream, where they can lead to complications such as renal failure |
| myasthenia gravis | A chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles. Muscles that control eye movement, facial expression, chewing, talking, and swallowing are often affected. |
| muscular dystrophy (MD) | group of hereditary diseases characterized by degeneration of muscle and weakness |
| compartment syndrome | Compression of nerves and blood vessels due to swelling within the enclosed space created by the fascia that separates groups of muscles. This syndrome can be caused by trauma, tight bandages or casts, or repetitive activities such as running. |
| tendonitis | inflammation of tendon sheaths typically caused by overuse |
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | symptoms occur when the tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel are chronically overused and become inflamed and swollen |
| heel spur | a calcium deposit in the plantar fascia nears its attachment to the calcaneus bone (heal) |
| plantar fasciitis | an inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot |
| sprain | injury to a ligament |
| strain | A condition resulting from damaging a muscle or tendon |
| shin splint | painful condition caused by the tibialis anterior muscle tearing away from the tibia |
| achilles tendonitis | inflammation of the Achilles tendon causing severe pain |
| spinal cord injury (SCI) | Damage to spinal cord as result of trauma; spinal cord can be bruised or completely severed. When the spinal cord is injured, the ability of the brain to communicate with the body below the level of injury is reduced or lost. |
| amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) | condition of progressive deterioration of motor nerve cells resulting in total loss of voluntary muscle control; also known as Lou Gehrig disease |
| Malignant hyperthermia | A hereditary condition of uncontrolled heat production and severe muscle contractions that occurs when susceptible people receive certain anesthetic drugs. |
| tetanus disease* | a serious illness caused by Clostridium bacteria. The bacteria live in soil, saliva, dust, and manure. The bacteria can enter the body through a deep cut, puncture or burn. The infection causes painful tightening of the muscles, usually all over the body |
| Fibromyalgia | chronic condition that causes pain all over the body, fatigue, and other symptoms |
| Parkinson's disease | a progressive disease that destroys brain cells and is identified by muscular tremors, slowing of movement, and partial facial paralysis |
| Huntington's disease | a hereditary disease marked by degeneration of the brain cells and causing chorea and progressive dementia. |
Created by:
jfoote
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