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RBT Training (DTT)
RBT Training Discrete Trial Teaching (DTT)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Discrete Trial Teaching (DTT) | Structured Teaching technique based on principles of ABA Break Down into small teachable parts, each part is taught independently |
| Elements of Discrete Trial Teaching | -Teacher Directed -Discriminative Stimulus (SD)-Instruction is Given by Teacher -Taught in a highly structured environment -Repeated Trials (multiple opportunities to practice) -Reinforcement is pre-arranged (paired with praise) |
| Steps of DTT PART1 | 1) Teacher gains student's attention (looking at you, sitting still) 2) Instruction (SD) is presented 3)Give a moment to respond (Correct- |
| Steps of DTT PART2 | Reinforcement, Incorrect-Error Correction) 4)Inter-trial Interval (3-5 Second Break-Reset materials and collect data) |
| Provide a prompt immediately after the SD is given to help the child respond correctly | Errorless Teaching Definition |
| Errorless Teaching | Decrease the possibility of errors -Practice correct response from start -Do Not give a moment to respond -Prompt immediately -Still Provide Reinforcement -Good for New Skill (eventually fade prompts) |
| 1) Show or help with the correct response 2) Show SD & give a moment to respond (called a practice or training trial) 3)Provide (Positive) Reinforcement and Praise | Steps of Error Correction |
| Goal of DTT | The goal when using a DTT approach is to break down the skill as much as is necessary for the child |
| Guidelines for DTT | -State SD only one time *Use a clear, directive voice *Be consistent when presenting SD -Provide Reinforcers -Pair praise with reinforcement, use behavior specific praise |
| Discrete Trial Teaching (DTT) | Background: Lovaas, Highly structured Formal, at table teaching 1:1 (SD) Mass trials in rapid succession Concise /Clear delivery of SD Use positive reinforcement to increase desired behaviour Data collection on every trial |
| 10 trials per target per session Mastery criteria is 80-100% across 3 days and 2 staff Reinforcer based Errorless learning Most common method for beginner ABA programs Environment free from distractions | Discrete Trial Teaching (DTT) |
| DTT trial | Eye contact State instruction Prompt Wait for a clear response Reinforce HAVE FUN! |
| 1-Set up the Teaching Environment for DTT | Eliminate distractions have only the program stimuli on the table Have materials and reinforcers ready waiting time between trials should be minimal for students (i.e. no more than 3-5 sec) |
| 2-Present the Discriminative Stimulus (SD): | Gain attn. before presenting the SD eye contact, hands down, quiet, free of stereotypic behaviors The SD should be brief and specific Present the SD in a clear, directive voice Present SD only once/Vary the SD So it's not exactly the same each time |
| 3-. Prompt the Correct Response | Give the prompt immediately after the SD Use the least intrusive, yet most effective prompt Fade prompts systematically and quickly Why? ***It is not a prompt if it does not help the learner make the correct response |
| 4-. Reinforce Correct Responses: | Present reinforcement IMMEDIATELY following a correct response Present reinforcement with enthusiasm and using a positive voice inflection (different from your directive SD voice) Use behavior specific praise (i.e., "Good clap hands"), |
| Generalization | A term used to describe the transfer of skills across people, settings, and responses. |
| Maintenance | is the ability of a child to demonstrate previously acquired skills over time and over durations in which the reinforcement has been thinning below the level at which the skill was taught in the first place. |
| Response Generalization | (response induction) the occurrence of a functionally equivalent, untrained form of a trained response. 1. often occurs in response to extinction which makes it part of the process of shaping new behavior out of a person's current repertoire. |
| Stimulus Generalization | Stimulus generalization occurs when behavior becomes more probable in the presence of one stimulus or situation as a result of having been _reinforced in the past |
| Stimulus Generalization | Multiple Stimuli + 1 Response |
| Response Generalization | 1 Stimulus + Multiple Responses |
| Example Stimulus Generalization | Multiple Response +1 Stimulus 1 stimulus: Dog name Leah SD: What kind of do is Zack Student: Puppy, dog, pooch (labeling Zack) |
| Example: Response Generalization | Multiple Stimulus + 1 response Stimuli : Pictures of multiple dogs SD: What kind of dog are these? Student: Student say DOG! |
| Response Maintenances | The continued occurrence over time of a trained behavior once training has been discontinued. |
| Stimulus Discrimination | A difference in responding in one setting versus another due to different consequences for the behavior in those settings. |
| The stimulus delta is defined as ‘a stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will not be reinforced’ | Stimulus Delta (SΔ) Definition |
| Example Stimulus Delta (SΔ) | When the teacher says “Point to B” and there are cards on the table without the letter “B” on them, if the child selects one of these cards then no reinforcement would be delivered. |
| Discriminative Stimulus (SD) Definition | The discriminative stimulus is defined as ‘a stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will be reinforced |
| when the teacher says “Point to B” if there is a card on the table with a letter “B” on it, then the student’s response of selecting this card will lead to reinforcement. | Example Discriminative Stimulus (SD) |
| Response Discrimination | |
| Stimulus Delta (SΔ) Definition |
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