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Psychology Studies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was the aim of Maguire? (Quasi) | To see whether the brain structure of London taxi drivers was different to non-taxi drivers as a result of their training and experience. |
| What was the aim of Maguire? (Correlational) | Maguire attempted to find a relationship between the size of their posterior hippocampal region and their years of experience as a taxi driver. |
| What was the procedure of Maguire? | 16 right handed London male taxi driver compared to MRI scans of 50 males who didn't drive taxis from MRI database. Taxi drivers had to have 1.5 yrs xp + complete a "knowledge test" density measured w/ VBM & area w/ pixel counting. |
| What was the result of Maguire? (Quasi) | The results revealed that the posterior hippocampi of taxi drivers were significantly larger in comparison to those of the control subjects and the anterior hippocampus were much smaller. |
| What was the result of Maguire? (Correlational) | It was found that while the size of the posterior hippocampus increases over the years of experience, the size of the anterior hippocampus decreases. |
| What was the aim of Antonova? | The aim was to see whether scopolamine affected hippocampal activity in the creation of spatial memory. |
| What was the procedure of Antonova? | Participants randomly injected w/ scopolamine or placebo, before doing Arena test. In Arena test, shown pole location, then asked to find it again from spatial memory. 3-4 weeks later redid test w/ opposite treatment. |
| What was the result of Antonova? | It was found that when participants were injected with scopolamine, a significant reduction of the activation of the hippocampus ensued, especially in comparison to a placebo. |
| What was the aim of McGaugh and Cahill? | The aim of McGaugh’s experiment was to determine the role of emotion in the creation of memories. |
| What was the procedure of McGaugh and Cahill? | Randomly allocated to one of two conditions. Either told mundane story or emotional story of boy who got leg cut off and reattached. Rated emotional arousal from 1-5. 2 weeks later, questionnaire abt how story. Next year, repeat w/ beta blockers adrenalin |
| What was the result of McGaugh and Cahill? | People with the emotionally arousing story remembered more in the first experiment, but didn't remember more with beta blockers |
| What was the aim of Wedekind? | The aim of the study was to find whether one’s MHC would determine mate choice. |
| What was the procedure of Wedekind? | Men wore a T shirt for 2 nights to bed without any extraneous scents, like perfume. Women were asked to rank the smell of 7 unseen shirts in boxes on the second week of their period. 3 from diff. MHC, 3 same MHC, and 1 control w/ no scent. |
| What was the result of Wedekind? | Women ranked shirts from different MHCs higher than those of their own MHC, however, this reversed when the women were taking oral contraceptives. |
| What was the aim of Caspi et al? | The aim of the study was to determine whether there is evidence for a gene-environment interaction that results in the mutation of a serotonin transporter gene (5HTT) |
| What was the procedure of Caspi et al? | Looked at large sample of 26 yr old NZlanders assesed for mental health conditions until 21. Divided into 3 groups based on allele pairings - short short, short long, long long. Mutation was short gene. Also filled questionnaire on stress sits. wthn 5 yrs |
| What was the results of Caspi et al? | Ppl w/ at least 1 short allele demonstrated more symptoms of depressed/suicidal ideation, and this was strongest for ppl with >3 stressful life events. CORRELATION, NOT CAUSATION |
| What was the aim of Kendler et al? | Wanted to investigate whether 35-45% heritability of major depressive disorder hold true in a large Swedish sample. |
| What was the procedure of Kendler et al? | Sample of 15500 twins in the Swedish Twin Registry whose zygosity could be verified. Assessed for major depressive disorder through telephone. 8000 twins had MDD, and 300 discussed treatment. How long they lived together was also asked. |
| What was the results of Kendler et al? | Concordance rates were significantly higher in women than men, and correlation higher in monozygotic twins than dizygotic twins. No correlation between time lived together and heritability. Estimated heritability was 0.38, in line with other research. |
| What studies can you use to discuss techniques used to study the brain in relation to behaviour? | Antonava, Maguire |
| What studies can you use to discuss localisation of function? | HM Milner, Maguire |
| What studies can you use to discuss neuroplasticity? | Maguire |
| What studies can you use to discuss formation of neural networks? | Maguire |
| What studies can you use to discuss neural pruning? | Maguire |
| What studies can you use to discuss neurotransmitters and their effect on behaviour? | Antonova |
| What studies can you use to discuss the role of one agonist? | Antonova |
| What studies can you use to discuss the role of one antagonist | Antonova |
Created by:
Elemental11221
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