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Anemia
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Anemia caused by Decrease in RBC Mass | Adult Total Blood volume: 5 Liters Loss of 1000 or more, BAD 1)Serious adverse effects 2)Hypovolemic Shock 3)Cerebral hypoperfusion BRAIN NOT ENOUGH OXYGEN |
Anemia of Acute Blood Loss | Trauma, hemorrhage, clotting disorder NCNC with reticulocytosis FOBT to determine GI blood loss 40% lost, EMERGENCY!!! - HR greater than 140 bpm, decreasewd consciousness, severe hypotension, no urine output |
Anemia caused by Chronic blood loss | GI bleed, dark stool (melena), menorrhagia, hemolysis NSAIDS, medications, etc. No reportable changes bc slow blood loss |
Hemolytic Anemias | Erythocyte destruction outpaces replacement, losing RBCs Bc of hemoglobinoathies, autoimmune disorders, antibody Rxns Jaundice, dark urine, enlarged spleen |
Sickle Cell Anemia | HgB levels decline, symptoms appear CANT MAKE RBCs RBCS become fragile and misshapen Cause hypoxia in tissue Hand-foot syndrome spleen may become damaged |
Iron Deficiency Anemia | Most common anemia Hair loss, nail changes, pica(crave ice) CBC, FOBT |
Vitamin B12 Deficiency (Pernicious Anemia) | Lack of intrinsic factor CAN NOT ABSORB B12 |
Folic Acid Deficiency | Pregnant and lactating women FORM OF VITAMIN B megaloblastic anemia- RBC before Maturation Can be asymptomatic folic - vitamin B 12 megaloblastic anemia |
Aplastic Anemia | Bone Marrow fails Benzene can cause it Diagnosis with CBC |