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Experiments/Studies

includes terms

QuestionAnswer
Lab experiment: an experiment done under highly controlled conditions.
Field experiment an experiment done in a natural setting. There is less control over variables.
A true experiment An IV is manipulated and a DV measured under controlled conditions. Participants are randomly allocated to conditions.
A quasi experiment: No IV is manipulated and participants are not randomly allocated to conditions. Instead, it is their traits that set them apart a fish seller, a hot dog vendor and a jeweler.
A natural experiment An experiment that is the result of a "naturally occurring event." For example: Did stress increase at our school after the introduction of the IB? Or did aggression increase in rural Canada after the introduction of television?
Independent variable the variable that is manipulated by the researcher.
Dependent variable the variable that is measured by the researcher. It is assumed that this variable changes as a result of the manipulation of the independent variable.
Controlled variables variables that are kept constant in order to avoid influencing the relationship between the IV and the DV.
Standardized procedure the idea that directions given to participants during an experiment are exactly the same. This is the most basic form of "control" for a study.
Random allocation to conditions In a true experiment, participants are randomly allocated to conditions in order to avoid sampling bias.
Aim purpose of a study
Population a group of people studied
Procedure process by which the researcher will carry out the study
Results numerical or descriptive data that is obtained and processed.
Findings how the researcher interpreted the data
Participants people who take part in a psychological study
Target Population a specific group of people whom are interested in the study
Sample group of people chosen from the target population
Representative sample a sample that represents a population
Population validity the population can be indicative of a larger population
Opportunity sampling a group that already exists
Haphazard sampling a method that is neither random nor systematic
Self selected sample
Snowball sampling participants recruit other participants for a study
Random sampling participants have an equal chance of being selected
Stratified sampling participants match the make
Sampling bias preference of some participants over others
Participant variables differing characteristics of participants
Method triangulation studying behavior by both quantitative and qualitative methods
Naturalistic research conducted in environments in which the behavior is most likely to take place
Participant observation researchers immerse themselves in a setting to observe behavior
Overt observation requires the researcher to gain the trust of the group being observed
Covert observation researcher does not disclose intentions to the groups
Cognitive dissonance theory humans change their beliefs to reduce their feelings of dissonance (inconsistency)
Ethics correct rules when carrying out research
Protection from undue stress or harm participants should not be harmed
Informed consent participants are informed of the study and agree to participate
Deception may be used in a study or an experiment but must be justified
Right to withdraw participants can withdraw at any time
Debriefing true aims and purpose of study is revealed to participants
Anonymized participants identity are anonymous
Created by: rosengala15
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