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Module 1
UNIT 1 Psychology and Its History
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Critical Thinking | thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions, appraises the source, discerns hidden biases, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions. |
Empiricism | the idea that knowledge comes from experience, and that observation and experimentation enable scientific knowledge. |
Structuralism | an early school of thought promoted by Wundt and Titchener; used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind. |
Introspection | the process of looking inward in an attempt to directly observe one's own psychological processes. |
Fuctionalism | an early school of thought promoted by James and influenced by Darwin; explored how mental and behavioral processes function--how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish. |
Behaviorism | the view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2). |
Humanistic Psychology | a historically significant perspective that emphasized human growth potential |
What are the three scientific attitude? | Curiosity (Does it work?), Skepticism (What do you mean? How do you know?), and Humility (Humbleness, willing to be surprised and follow new ideas) |
What do critical thinks do? | They are open to the possibility that they might be wrong, consider the credibility of the sources, recognize multiple perspectives, and expose themselves to news sources that challenge their preconceived ideas. |