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Module 52
UNIT 7 Motivational Concept
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Motivation | A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior. |
| Where does our motivation comes from? | It arises from the interplay between nature (the bodily "push") and nurture (the "pulls" from our personal experiences, thoughts, and culture). |
| What are the four perspectives psychologists view "motivated behavior"? | 1. Instinct Theory (Evolutionary Perspective) 2. Drive-Reduction Theory 3. Arousal Theory 4. Hierarchy of Needs |
| Instinct | A complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned. |
| What is the Instinct Theory? | Instinct Theory focuses on genetic predisposition as the source of our motivation. |
| Physiological Need | A basic bodily requirement. |
| Drive-Reduction Theory | The idea that a physiological need creates an aroused state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need. |
| Drive | An aroused, motivated state that pushes us to reduce the need. |
| Homeostasis | a tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level. |
| Incentive | a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior. |
| Given an incentive, our underlying drives often become active impulses... | The more those impulses are satisfied and reinforced, the stronger the drive may become. |
| When there is both a need and an incentive... | we feel strongly driven. |
| Why do humans seek arousal motivation? | Having all our biological needs satisfied, we feel driven to experience stimulation. |
| Yerkes-Dodson Law | the principle that performance increases with arousal only up to a point, beyond which performance decreases. (moderate arousal leads to optimal performance). |
| Hierarchy of Needs | Maslow's pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active. |
| Self-Transcendence | In this level, people strive for meaning, purpose, and communion in a way that is transpersonal, or beyond the self. |
| Self-Actualization | People seek to realize their own potential. |
Created by:
chujacqueline
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