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Psychology test #4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does Social Psychology study? | how individuals affect and are affected by other people and by their social and physical environments. |
| When explaining people’s social behavior, what is the Fundamental attribution error? | the phenomenon where people judge other people and themselves in a different way. |
| What is an “attitude”? | is a psychological construct that is a mental and emotional entity that inheres or characterizes a person, their attitude to approach to something, or their personal view on it. |
| What is the foot-in-the-door phenomenon? How does it influence what we buy in a shopping situation, for example? | the Foot in the Door technique occurs when customers have done something small for you, which makes them more willing to do something bigger for you later on. |
| Conformity: What influences people to conform to a group, even if they disagree? | they are motivated to be liked (or at least not disliked) and believe that other members will feel more kindly toward them if they conform to rather than deviate from group norms. |
| What was Soloman Asch’s study on conformity and what did it show? | the degree to which a person's own opinions are influenced by those of a group. |
| What did participants do in the Milgram obedience studies? | deliver what they believed were dangerous electrical shocks to another person. |
| What was surprising about the results of the Milgram experiments? Specifically regarding what the “teachers” did? | People are much more obedient to destructive obedience than we thought. People find receiving and obeying destructive orders stressful. both of these surprising findings. |
| What is SOCIAL FACILITATION? How does it explain an athlete’s performance? | the finding that people sometimes show an increased level of effort as a result of the real, imagined, or implied presence of others. |
| What is SOCIAL LOAFING? How does it explain the way we work in groups? | what happens when someone puts in less effort when they're judged as part of a group. |
| What is DEINDIVIDUATION in group behavior? | phenomenon in which people engage in seemingly impulsive, deviant, and sometimes violent acts in situations in which they believe they cannot be personally identified |
| What is GROUP POLARIZATION and how does it work in a group? | a phenomenon when “members of a deliberating group move toward a more extreme point in whatever direction is indicted by the members' predeliberation tendency |
| What is GROUPTHINK? How can one prevent groupthink from happening? | the practice of thinking or making decisions as a group in a way that discourages creativity or individual responsibility. |
| What is the mere exposure effect? | a psychological phenomenon by which people tend to develop a preference for things merely because they are familiar with them. |
| What is a PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDER? | a clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotional regulation, or behaviour. |
| What makes a psychological disorder a DISORDER, and not just a little problem? | greatly impair the ability to function as a normal individual |
| What are the symptoms of Attention Deficit, Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)? | trouble holding attention on tasks or play activities. Often does not seem to listen when spoken to directly. Often does not follow through on instructions and fails to finish schoolwork, chores, or duties in the workplace. |
| How are psychological disorders defined according the medical model? | brain diseases |
| What is Asperger’s Syndrome and what is it classified as in the DSM-5? | a disorder that is a part of the autism spectrum disorder group. |
| Are people with psychological disorders dangerous? Do people with psychological disorders commit more crimes than those without? | The vast majority of people with mental health problems are no more likely to be violent than anyone else. |
| What is the most common psychological disorder for which people seek mental health services? | Major depressive disorder (MDD) |
| What is a panic attack? | a sudden episode of intense fear that triggers severe physical reactions when there is no real danger or apparent cause |
| What is a phobia? | an extreme or irrational fear of or aversion to something. |
| What is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)? What are obsessions? | is a disorder in which people have recurring, unwanted thoughts, ideas or sensations (obsessions). |
| What are mood disorders? | marked disruptions in emotions |
| What are the symptoms of Depression? | Feeling sad or having a depressed mood. |
| What are the symptoms of schizophrenia? | delusions, hallucinations or disorganized speech, and reflect an impaired ability to function. |
| When is the typical onset of schizophrenia? | late adolescence or early twenties |
| What do people with Anorexia Nervosa have an obsessive fear about? | fear of gaining weight |
| Who introduced psychology and the first form of “therapy?” | Sigmund Freud |
| What does Psychodynamic therapy focus on, and what do Humanistic therapies focus on? | unconscious processes as they are manifested in the client's present behavior and helping people free themselves from disabling assumptions and attitudes so they can live fuller lives |
| What does cognitive-behavioral therapy focus on? | involves efforts to change thinking patterns. |
| What is resilience? | the process and outcome of successfully adapting to difficult or challenging life experiences |
Created by:
AAndrade209
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