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AP Psych Unit 1
Flashcards for the terminology for unit 1 of AP Psychology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Psychology | The scientific study of mental & behavior process. |
| Rene Descartes | Mind / Body Dualism |
| John Locke | Tabula Rasa / Blank Slate |
| Plato | The Forms |
| Early Physiologists/Philosophers | They observed the connection between the body & mind (how the mind affects the body, vice versa ). |
| Wilhelm Wundt | - Made psychology a formal science - Wrote a journal called "Philosophical Studies" |
| Structuralism (E. B. Titchener) | Belief that psych is analyzing consciousness and breaking it down into simple elements, and then seeing how they're related. (fundamental components, feelings/sensations, images) |
| Functionalism (mostly William James) | Belief that psych is investigating the function and purpose of the conscious, not the structure. The theory was heavily inspired by Darwin's theory Natural Selection. |
| Gestalt Psychology | Studies the whole consciousness Ex) A puzzle that can't be broken down |
| Psychoanalytic / Psychodynamic Psychology (Freud) | Studies the id, ego & superego. It's focused on childhood experience effects and the exploration of the unconscious. |
| Id, Ego, & Superego | Id= impulsive, unrestricted Superego= uptight, moral superiority Ego= moderator between the id and superego |
| Modern Perspectives / Approaches | Behavioral, Humanistic, Cognitive, Biological/Neuroscience, Evolutionary, Social-Cultural, and Biopsychosocial |
| Behavioral Perspective (Watson, Pavlov, Skinner) | Focuses on objective, observable behaviors to see how people learn and navigate the world. |
| Classical Conditioning | A form of learning where a certain response is paired with a specific stimuli. |
| Operant Conditioning | A form of learning where one's response is controlled by potential consequences. |
| Humanistic Perspective (Maslow, Rogers) | Focuses on self-growth, self fulfillment, potential, and optimism. Pays more attention to nature over nurture. |
| Cognitive Perspective (Piaget) | Focuses on conscious thoughts. Understanding how people process and retrieve information. |
| Biological / Neurological Perspective | Focuses on how the body is affected by mentality and emotional states. |
| Evolutionary Perspective | Focuses on how natural selection & adaptation have given humans certain behaviors that increase our chances of survival. |
| Social-Cultural Perspective | Focuses on how social interactions and culture affect behaviors and thoughts. |
| Biopsychosocial Perspective | Focuses on an integrated viewpoint that has factors of biological, psychological, and socio-cultural perspectives. Humans are complex. |
| Psych Subfields | Psychometric= studies one's knowledge/skills Industrial Psych.= brings psych to workplace for more cooperation Personality Psych.= studies one's feelings/personality Community Psych.= healthy social environment for communities. |
| Psych Subfields | Counseling Psych.= helps people w/ everyday issues (no MD) Clinical Psych.= studies & assesses mental disorders (no MD) Psychiatry= deals with diagnoses. CAN prescribe meds (MD) |
| G. Stanley Hall & Mary Whiton Calkins | Hall- first American with PHD in Psych, first president of APA Calkins- first F president of APA, rejected a degree from Radcliffe |
| Dorothea Dix & Margaret Floy Washburn |
Created by:
ischl
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