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AP Gov

CIVIL LIBERTIES AND CIVIL RIGHTS - Key Terms 13 of 88

QuestionAnswer
Legal and constitutional rights that protect individuals from arbitrary acts of government. They include freedom of speech and guarantees of a fair trial CIVIL LIBERTIES
Policies designed to protect people against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by government officials or individuals. This includes laws prohibiting racial and gender discrmination. CIVIL RIGHTS
The case by case process by which liberties listed in the Bill of Rights have been applied to the states using the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendement. SELECTIVE INCORPORATION
A provision of the First Amendment that prohibits Congress from establishing an official government sponsored religion. ESTABLISHMENT CLAUSE
A provision of the First Amendement that guarantees each person the right to believe what he or she wants. However, a religion cannot make an act legal that would otherwise be illegal. FREE EXERCISE CLAUSE
Judicial interpretation of the First Amendment that government may not ban speech unless it poses an imminent threat to society CLEAR AND PRESENT DANGER TEST
A court order directing that a prisoner be brought before a court and that the court officers show cause why the prisoner should not be released. WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS
A legislative act that provides for the punishment of a person without a court trial. BILL OF ATTAINDER
A law applied to an act committed before the law was enacted. EX POST FACTO LAW
Supreme Court guideline that prohibits evidence obtained by illegal seraches or seizures from being admitted in court. EXCLUSIONARY RULE
Warnings that polic must read to suspects prior to questioning that advises them of their rights. MIRANDA WARNINGS
Supreme Court rule that classification by race and ethnic background is inherently suspect and must be justified by a "compelling public interest." STRICT SCRUTINY
A policy requiring federal agencies, universities, and most employers to take positive steps to remedy the effects of past discrimination. AFFIRMATIVE ACTION
Created by: devin12
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