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AP Government
Chapter 2 Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Constitution | A nations basic law |
| Declaration of Independence | The document approved by representatives of the American colonies in 1776 that stated their greivances against the British monarch and declared their independence |
| Natural Rights | Rights inherent in human beings, not dependent on governments, which include life, liberty, and property |
| Consent of the Governed | The idea that government derives its authority by sanction of the people |
| Limited Government | The idea that certain restrictions should be placed on government to protect the natural rights of citizens |
| Articles of Confederation | The first constitution of the United States, adopted by congress in 1777 |
| Shay's Rebellion | A series of attacks on courthouse by a samll band of farmers led by War captain Daniel Shays to block forecloure proceedings |
| U.S. Constitution | The document written in 1787 that set forth the institutional structure of U.S. government and the tasks these institutions perform |
| Factions | Interest groups arising from the unequal distribution of property or wealth |
| New Jersey Pan | called for equal representation of each state in congress regardless of the states population |
| Virgina Plan | The proposal at the Constitutional Convention that called for representation of each state in congress in proportion to that states share of the U.S. population |
| Connecticut Compromise | Two houses of Congress: House of Reps, in which representation is based on a states share of the U.S. population, and the Senate, in which each state has two representatives |
| Writ of Habeas Corpus | A court order requiring jailers to explain to a judge why they are holding a prisoner |
| Separation of Powers | A feature of the Constitution that requires each of the three branches of government to be relatively independent of the others so that one cannot control the others |
| Checks and Balance | Features of the Constition that limit government power by requiring that power be balanced amoung the different government institutions |
| Republic | A form of government in which the people select representatives to govern them and make laws |
| Federalists | Supporters of the U.S. constitution of the time the states were cotemplating its adoption |
| Anti-Federalists | Opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the states were comtemplating its adoption |
| Bill of Rights | The first ten Amendments to the U.S. constitution, drafted in response to some of the Anti-Federalists concerns. These amendments defines such basic liberties as freeedom of religion |
| Equal Rights Amendment | A constitutional amendment passed by congress in 1972 stating that equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex |
| Marbury v. Madison | The 1803 case in which Chief Justice John Marshall and his associates first asserted the right of the Supreme Court to determine the meaning of the U.S. constitution |
| Judicial Review | The power of the courts to determine whether acts of Congress, and by implication the executive, are in accord with the U.S. constitution |
Created by:
crescenti
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