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Psychology Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the central nervous system | The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord: The brain controls how we think, learn, move, and feel. The spinal cord carries messages back and forth between the brain and the nerves that run throughout the body. |
| What is the Peripheral Nervous System | The peripheral nervous system is a network of nerves that runs throughout the head, neck, and body. It carries messages to and from the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord). |
| What is the Adrenal gland | Adrenal glands, are small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of both kidneys. Adrenal glands produce hormones that help regulate your metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, response to stress and other essential functions. |
| What is the Thyroid gland | The thyroid gland is situated at the front of the throat, below the larynx, and comprises two lobes that lie on either side of the windpipe. The thyroid gland secretes hormones to regulate many metabolic processes, including growth and energy expenditure. |
| What is the Pituitary gland | The pituitary is a small, pea-sized gland. It is found at the base of your brain, in line with the top of your nose. Your pituitary acts as your body's 'master gland'. It tells other glands in your body what to do. |
| What is the difference between an MRI and CT scan? | CT scans take a fast series of X-ray pictures, which are put together to create images of the area that was scanned. An MRI uses strong magnetic fields to take pictures of the inside of the body. |
| Understand what the endocrine system encompasses. | Your endocrine system is in charge of creating and releasing hormones to maintain countless bodily functions. Endocrine tissues include your pituitary gland, thyroid, pancreas and others. |
| What is the most noticeable difference between human brains and other mammalian brains? | the cortex makes up more than 80 percent of the brain mass, and has roughly 16 billion neurons, more than any other mammal. Second, the cerebellum is a part of the brain that contains most of the brain's neurons. |
| What is brain plasticity? | can be defined as the ability of the nervous system to change its activity in response to intrinsic or extrinsic stimuli by reorganizing its structure, functions, or connections. |
| What connects the cerebral hemispheres? | The two hemispheres are connected by a thick band of nerve fibers called the corpus callosum. The brain halves are able to communicate with each other via this bridge. |
| Explain split brain surgery? When might it be used? | The procedure involves cutting a band of fibers (the corpus callosum) in the brain. Afterward, the nerves can't send seizure signals between the brain's two halves. It makes seizures less severe and frequent and may stop them completely. For epilepsy. |
| What is dual-processing? | The principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks. |
| How does the Motor Cortex work? | The function of the motor cortex is to generate signals to direct the movement of the body. It is part of the frontal lobe and is anterior to the central sulcus. It consists of the primary motor cortex, premotor cortex, and the supplementary motor area. |
| Which part of the brain that regulates balance? | Cerebellum. |
| Which part of the brain that controls breathing? | Medulla. |
| Cerebral Cortex | ultimate control and information-processing center; encompassing all of the lobes |
| Frontal Lobes | involved in speaking and muscle movements and in making plans and judgements |
| Parietal Lobes | receives sensory input for touch and body position |
| Occipital Lobes | includes areas that receive information from the visual fields |
| Temporal Lobes | includes the auditory areas, each receiving information primarily from the opposite ear |
| Motor Cortex | an area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements |
| THE HEMISPHERES Right | Creativity: Expression, Emotional Intelligence, Imagination |
| Left | Logic: Numbers, Language, Analytical Thinking |
| Corpus Callosum | the large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them. |
| The Brainstem & Limbic System Brainstem | oldest part and central core of the brain; responsible for automatic survival functions |
| Thalamus | relays messages between lower brain centers and cerebral cortex |
| Reticular formation | helps control arousal |
| Pons | helps coordinate movement and control sleep |
| Medulla | controls heartbeat and breathing |
| Cerebellum | coordinates voluntary movement and balance and supports learning and memories of such |
| Spinal Cord | pathway for neural fibers traveling to and from the brain; controls simple reflexes |
| Limbic System Amygdala | linked to emotion |
| Hypothalamus | controls maintenance functions such as: eating, the endocrine system, & emotional rewards |
| Hippocampus | linked to conscious memory |
| Pituitary gland | master endocrine gland |
Created by:
kazamira06
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