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RMDA Final
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ANOVA | -Used when there are more than 2 conditions/groups -Will tell if one is different from the rest, but not which one is different |
| Post-hoc test | -different in the means -the larger the difference, the more likely you are to find significant data |
| straightforward manipulations | -no real deception -can have different conditions but no specify which condition participant is in |
| staged manipulation | -involves deception -example: use an a confederate |
| self-report measures | surveys, questionnaires |
| behavioral measures | how a person will respond |
| psychological measures | GSR, EMG, EEG, fMRI |
| ceiling effect | everyone does well because task is too easy, IV may have no effect |
| floor effect | everyone does poorly because task too hard, IV may have no effect |
| demand characteristics | -feature of study alters participants to purpose -use of deception to hide true purpose |
| placebo effect | expectations can lead to change in participants performance/behavior/scores/ect |
| expectancy effect | participant answers in a way they think the researchers want the, to answer |
| single blind experiment | only research knows which condition participant is in |
| double blind experiment | -both researcher and participants knows which condition they are in -main PI knows, but does not interact with participants |
| piolet studies | -small experiments done with small number of people to give researcher practice -answers any questions about study researcher may not know about |
| factorial designs | studies down with more than one IV (or factors) |
| factorial designs - 2x2 design | -has two IVs, each with two levels |
| main effects | -the effect of an IV on its own -if theres no difference between the two means, then there is no main effect |
| interaction | -the effect of one IV that depends on the level of another IV -looking to see if one bar is significantly more different than the other bars |
| factorial designs - IVxPV design | examine effect of IV x PV |
| GLM Multivariate ANOVA | determine if there are any significant differences between 3+ unrelated groups on DVq |
| GLM Multivariate ANOVA | -can look at multiple variables at once -determine if there are any significant differences between 3+ groups on 2+ DVs |
| repeated measures GLM ANOVA | used when you have the same person tested in different experimental groups (or IVs) |
| single-subject design | -wants to know if manipulation had effect on a singular person |
| ABA | Baseline (A) - treatment (B) - baseline (A) |
| multiple baseline design | -change is observed under multiple circumstances -manipulation introduced at different times -determines if manipulation caused change |
| one-group posttest only design | participants → sit next to stranger (IV) → measure time until stranger leaves (DV) |
| one-group pretest-posttest design | -participants → DV pretest → IV → DV posttest |
| one-group pretest-posttest design problems | -history -maturation -reactive measures -statistical regression -mortality |
| non-equivalent control-group design | -have two groups but they are not equivalent -intervention may not be run by researcher -assessments may not be controlled -Group 1 and group 2 → event → observation for both groups |
| non-equivalent control-group pretest only design | -Group 1 → intervention IV → observe DV -Group 2 → contrast group IV → observe DV |
| non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design | -group 1 →observe 1 → intervention → observe 2 -group 2 → observe 1 → contrast group → observe 2 |
| true experiments | -emphasize internal validity -participants randomly assigned -control study procedure |
| quasi-experiments | -emphasize external validity -non-equivalent groups -full control may not be possible |
| interrupted time series design | test effect of intervention ongoing series of measurements -group 1 → M1 → M2 → M3 → intervention → M4 →... |
| time series design | -multiple baselines -group 1 → M1 → multiple baseline → M2 → event → M3 → hyothesis |
| control series design | -improves interrupted time series design by finding appropriate "control group" -involves finding similar populations that did not recieve particular manipulations |
| volunteers | -better educated than most population -higher SES -more needed and social |
| internet | -urban-suburban area -college educated -young and higher income |
| college students | more ethnically diverse |
| WEIRD | western, educated, rich, industrialized, democratic |
| exact replications | -an attempt to replicate precise procedures of a study -determine whether same results are obtained |
| conceptual replications | -the use of different procedures to replicate a research finding -the IV from previous study is manipulated in different ways |
| parametric tests | -correlations, t-tests, ANOVA -used when data is continuous |
| nonparametric tests | -chi-square -used when data is categorical |
| chi-square test | data on frequencies rather than numerical |
| reference page APA | first name, last initial., first name, last initial., (year). Article title all lowercase, *Journal Name*, *Volume #*, Page # |
| in-text citation | (Last name & last name, year) Last name et al., (year) |
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axniss001
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