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Psych Vocab 3-4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Developmental psychology | the study of changes that occur as an individual matures |
| Grasping reflex | an infant’s clinging response to a touch on the palm of his or her hand |
| Rooting reflex | an infant’s response in turning toward the source of touching that occurs anywhere around his or her mouth |
| Telegraphic speech | the kind of verbal utterances in which words are left out, but the meaning is usually clear |
| Schema | a conceptual framework a person uses to make sense of the world |
| Assimilation | the process of fitting objects and experiences into one’s schemas |
| Accommodation | the adjustment of one’s schemas to include newly observed events and experiences |
| Representational thought | the intellectual ability of a child to picture something in his or her mind |
| Conservation | the principle that a given quantity does not change when its appearance is changed |
| Egocentric | a young child’s inability to understand another person’s perspective |
| Imprinting | inherited tendency of some newborn animals to follow the first moving object they see |
| Socialization | the process of learning the rules of behavior of the culture within which an individual is born and will live |
| Identification | the process by which a child adopts the values and principles of the same-sex parent |
| Sublimation | the process of redirecting sexual impulses into learning tasks |
| Role taking | children’s play that involves assuming adult roles, thus enabling the child to experience different points of view |
| Initiation rites | ceremonies or rituals in which an individual is admitted to new status or accepted into a new position |
| Menarche | the first menstrual period |
| Spermarche | period during which males achieve first ejaculation |
| Asynchrony | the condition during adolescence in which the growth or maturation of bodily parts is uneven |
| Rationalization | a process whereby an individual seeks to explain an often unpleasant emotion or behavior in a way that will preserve his or her self-esteem |
| Identity crisis | a period of inner conflict during which adolescents worry intensely about who they are |
| Social learning theory | Bandura’s view of human development; emphasizes Interaction |
| Clique | a small, exclusive group of people within a larger group |
| Conformity | acting in accordance with some specified authority |
| Anorexia nervosa | a serious eating disorder characterized by a fear of gaining weight that results in prolonged self-starvation and dramatic weight loss |
| Gender identity | the sex group (masculine or feminine) to which an individual biologically belongs |
| Gender role | the set of behaviors that society considers appropriate for each sex |
| Gender stereotype | an oversimplified or distorted generalization about the characteristics of men and women |
| Androgynous | combining or blending traditionally male and female characteristics |
| Gender schema | a set of behaviors organized around how either a male or female should think and behave |
| Autonomy | ability to take care of oneself and make one’s own decisions |
| Developmental friendship | friends force one another to reexamine their basic assumptions and perhaps adopt new ideas and beliefs |
| Resynthesis | combining old ideas with new ones and reorganizing feelings in order to renew one’s identity |
| Comparable worth | the concept that women and men should receive equal pay for jobs calling for comparable skill and responsibility |
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