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consciousness

unit 2

QuestionAnswer
define consciousness there isn't a definitive edition but William James defined it as the "function of knowing". its also been defined as the "totality of impressions, thoughts, and feelings which make up a persons conscious being"
why is consciousness difficult to define? its difficult to define because there's at least 29 varying definitions
REM sleep during this stage of sleep, your eyes twitch and your brain is active. dreams oftentimes occur during this sleep where your muscles are limp to prevent you acting out your dreams
Non-REM sleep there's 3 stages defined by measurements of brain activity taken in sleep studies. S 1: transition between wakefulness + sleep. S 2: sleep. S 3: stage is called deep sleep/slow wave, after a particular pattern that appears in measurements of brain act
Sleep theory, inactivity theory this is one of the earliest theories of sleep which suggest that inactivity at night is an adaptation that serves a survival function by keeping organisms out of harm's way at times when they would be vulnerable.
Sleep theory, energy conservation theory this theory suggests that the primary function of sleep is to reduce an individual's energy demand and expenditure during day or night, especially when its least efficient to search for food.
Sleep theory, restorative theory this theory is based on the long-held belief that sleep serves to "restore" what is lost in the body while we are awake.
Sleep theory, brain Plasticity theory this theory is based on finding that sleep is correlated with changes in the structure and organization of the brain.
Dream theory, dreams reflect the unconscious Freud suggested that dreams represent unconscious desires, thoughts, wish fulfillment, and motivation. people are driven to repressed and unconscious longing, such as aggressive and sexual instincts
dream theory, dreams process information helps us work through information gained during our day
dream theory, dreams aid in memory sleep allows us to consolidate and process all of the information and memories that we collected during the previous day and clears out old ones
dream theory, dreams spur creativity the creative theory of dreaming says the unconstrained, unconscious mind is free to wander its limitless potential while unburdened by the often stifling realities of the conscious world
dream theory, dreams prepare and protect the primitive instinct rehearsal and adaptive strategy theories of dreaming propose that we dream to better prepare ourselves to control dangers in the real world
dream theory, dreams help process emotions the emotional regulation dream theory says that the function of dreams is to help us process and cope with our emotions or trauma in the safe space of slumber
dream theory, dreams reflect your life under the continuity hypothesis, dreams function as a reflection of a persons real life, incorporating conscious experiences into their dreams.
characteristics of nightmares - dreams revolve around threats of your safety/survival - you remember the details of your dream -occur during REM sleep - can wake up easily but still feel scared
characteristics of night terrors - you wake up and have no idea you had a night terror -waking up Is difficult and you may be confused if someone manages to wake you up -occur during non-REM, specifically stage-three sleep
define altered states of consciousness various mental states in which the mind can be aware but is not in its usual wakeful condition such as hypnosis, meditation, hallucination, trance and he dream stage
define hypnosis a trance-like state in which a person experiences heightened suggestibility
define meditation the practice of training the mind in order to induce relaxation or an altered mode of consciousness.
Created by: anael
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