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Medical Terminology
Chapter 8 The Blood and Lymphatic Systems -Hematology/Immunology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| coagul/o | coagulation |
| cyt/o | cell |
| -emia | blood condition |
| hemo/hemat/o | blood |
| immun/o | Immune system |
| leuk/o | white |
| lymph | lymph |
| myel/o | bone marrow |
| -penia | deficiency |
| phleb/o | vein |
| splen/o | spleen |
| thrombo/o | clot |
| thym/o | thymus |
| tonsill/o | tonsils |
| ven/o | vein |
| anemia | reduction of red blood cells noticed by the patient as weakness and fatigue |
| anisocytosis | condition characterized by a great inequality in the size of red blood cells |
| antibody | substance produced by the body in response to an antigen |
| anticoagulant | drug that prevents the coagulation of blood |
| antigen | substance that causes the body to produce antibodies |
| apheresis | general term for a process, similar to dialysis, that draws blood, removes something from it, then returns the rest of the blood to the patient |
| aplastic anemia | anemia caused by red blood cells not being formed in sufficient quantities |
| asplenia | absence of a spleen or of spleen function |
| autoimmune disease | a disease caused by the body's immune system attacking the body's own healthy tissue |
| bilirubinemia | the presence of bilirubin (red bile; a substance derived from red blood cells that have completed their life span) in the blood |
| coagulopathy | any disease that deals with problems in blood coagulation |
| cytapheresis | apheresis to remove cellular material |
| deep vein thrombosis | the formation of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body, most commonly the leg |
| ecchymosis | large bruise |
| elliptocyte | oval-shaped red blood cell |
| elliptocytosis | condition characterized by an increase in the number of oval-shaped red blood cells |
| embolism | blockage in a blood vessel caused by an embolus |
| embolus | mass of matter present in the blood |
| erythrocyte | red blood cell |
| erthrocytosis | abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells |
| hematocrit | test to judge or separate the blood; used to determine the ratio of red blood cells to total blood volume |
| hematology | the study of blood |
| hematoma | mass of blood within an organ, cavity, or tissue |
| hematopoiesis | formation of blood cells |
| hemoglobin | iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the cells |
| hemoglobinopathy | disease of the hemoglobin |
| hemolysis | breakdown of blood cells |
| hemolytic anemia | anemia caused by the destruction of red blood cells |
| hemophillia | condition in which the blood doesn't clot, thus causing excessive bleeding |
| hemorrhage | excessive blood loss |
| hemostatic | drug that stops the flow of blood |
| hepatosplenitis | inflammation of the liver and spleen |
| hepatosplenomegaly | enlargement of the liver and spleen |
| hyperbilirubinemia | excessive bilirubin in the blood |
| hypercholesterolemia | excessive cholesterol in the blood |
| hypercoagulability | increased ability of the blood to coagulate |
| hyperlipidemia | excessive fat in the blood |
| hypersplenism | increased spleen activity |
| hypervolemia | increased blood volume |
| hypoperfusion | inadequate flow of blood |
| hypovolemia | decreased blood volume |
| immunocompromised | having an immune system incapable of responding normally and completely to a pathogen or disease |
| immunodeficiency | immune system with decreased or compromised response to disease-causing organisms |
| immunoglobulin | protein that provides protection (immunity) against disease |
| immunologist | specialist in the immune system |
| immunology | study of the immune system |
| immunosuppression | reduction in the activity of the body's immune system |
| iron deficiency anemia | anemia caused by inadequate iron intake |
| ischemia | blockage of blood flow to an organ |
| laparosplenectomy | surgical removal of the spleen through the abdomen |
| leukemia | cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by the abnormal increase in white blood cells |
| leukocyte | white blood cell |
| leukocytosis | increase in the number of white blood cells |
| leukopenia | deficiency in white blood cells |
| lymphadenectomy | surgical removal of a lymph gland (node) |
| lymphadenitis | inflammation of a lymph gland (node) |
| lymphadenopathy | any disease of a lymph gland (node); used to refer to noticeably swollen lymph nodes, especially in the neck |
| lymphadenotomy | incision into a lymph gland (node) |
| lymphangiectasia | dilation of a lymph vessel, normally noticed by swelling in the extremities |
| lymphangiogram | record of the study of lymph vessels |
| lymphangiography | procedure to study the lymph vessels |
| lymphangitis | inflammation of the lymph vessels |
| lymphedema | swelling caused by abnormal accumulation of lymph |
| lymphocyte | lymph cell |
| lymphoma | tumor originating in lymphocytes |
| lymphopenia | abnormal deficiency in lymph |
| macrocytosis | condition characterized by large red blood cells |
| microcytosis | condition characterized by small red blood cells |
| myelodysplasia | disease characterized by poor production of blood cells by the bone marrow |
| myeloma | cancerous tumor of the bone marrow |
| myelopoiesis | formation of bone marrow |
| nephrosplenopexy | surgical fixation of the spleen and a kidney |
| neutropenia | deficiency in neutrophil |
| normocyte | normal-sized red blood cell |
| oligocythemia | deficiency in the number of red blood cells |
| osteomyelitis | inflammation of bone and bone marrow |
| pancytopenia | deficiency in all cellular components of the blood |
| perfusion | circulation of blood through tissue |
| petechia | small bruise |
| phagocytosis | process in which phagocytes (a type of white blood cell) destroy (or eat) foreign microorganisms or cell debris |
| phlebarteriectasia | dilation of blood vessels |
| phlebology | the study of veins; focuses on diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of venous diseases |
| phlebotomist | a specialist in drawing blood |
| phlebotomy | incision into a vein (drawing blood) |
| plasmapheresis | apheresis to remove plasma |
| plateletpheresis | apheresis to remove platelets (for the purpose of donating them to patients in need of platelets |
| poikilocytosis | condition characterized by red blood cells in a variety of shapes |
| polycythemia | excess of red blood cells |
| reperfusion injury | injury to tissue that occurs after blood flow is restored |
| reticulocyte | immature red blood cell |
| septicemia | presence of disease-causing microorganisms in the blood |
| spherocyte | a red blood cell that assumes a spherical shape |
| spherocytosis | a condition in which red blood cells assume a spherical shape |
| sphygmomanometer | the device used to measure blood pressure |
| splenalgia | pain in the spleen |
| splenectomy | surgical removal of the spleen |
| splenectopy | displacement of the spleen, sometimes called floating spleen |
| splenitis | inflammation of the spleen |
| splenodynia | pain in the spleen |
| splenolysis | breakdown (destruction of spleen tissue |
| splenomalacia | softening of the spleen |
| splenomegaly | enlargement of the spleen |
| splenopathy | any disease of the spleen |
| spenoptosis | downward displacement (drooping) of the spleen |
| splenorrhexis | rupture of the spleen |
| thrombocyte | cell that helps blood clot (also known as a platelet) |
| thrombocytopenia | deficiency in the number of platelets (clot cells) |
| thrombocytosis | increase in the number of platelets (clot cells) |
| thromboembolism | blockage of a vessel (embolism) caused by a clot that has broken off from where it formed |
| thrombogenic | capable of producing a blood clot |
| thrombolytic | drug that breaks down blood clots |
| thrombophlebitis | inflammation of a vein caused by a clot |
| thrombosis | formation of a blood clot |
| thrombus | blood clot |
| thymectomy | surgical removal of the thymus |
| thymic hyperplasia | overdevelopment of the thymus |
| thymoma | tumor of the thymus |
| thymopathy | disease of the thymus |
| tonsillectomy | surgical removal of a tonsil |
| tonsillitis | inflammation of a tonsil |
| transfusion | infusion into a a patient, of blood, from another source |
| uremia | presence of urine in the blood |
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