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AP Psych Unit 1 Test

QuestionAnswer
What are the 3 elements of a scientific attitude for psychology? Curiosity, Humility, Skepticism
In your own words, define: Hindsight Bias, Overconfidence, Confirmation Bias. Hindsight- after an event occurred to overestimate the extent to which the outcome Confirmation- gathering evidence that confirms preexisting expectations Overconfidence- overestimation of one’s actual ability to perform a task successfully
What is a hypothesis? A prediction
What are operational definitions AND why are they needed? Step by step instructions it is needed to replicate an experiment
What are the pros and cons of a survey? Pros- cheap, quick info Cons- self report bias
What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data? Qualitative- words Quantitative- numerical data
What scale is often used to obtain qualitative data? Likert Scales
What is meant by reliability? Consistency
What is meant by validity? Accuracy
10. Why must samples be random and representative? So that they represent the whole population, and each member of the population has the same chance of being chosen.
What is convenience sampling? Sampling Bias
Why are peer review and replication important in psychology? evaluation by members in the field
Does non-experimental research show cause and effect? No
Identify the three methods of non-experimental research? Case Study Meta Analysis Naturalistic Observation
Identify Pros and Cons of Case Studies? Pros- details of subjects, unethical Cons- no correlational data
Identify Pros and cons of Meta-Analysis? Pros- accuracy Cons- conflicting studies can lead to confusion
Identify Pros and Cons of Naturalistic Obeservation? Pros- Natural environment Cons- people could act different when they know they are being watched
What is a correlational coefficient? What defines a perfect correlation? Closer to -1 or +1 the stronger it is
What is the third (or missing variable) problem? The confounding variable
What is illusory correlation? Perceiving a relationship where none exists or perceiving a stronger than actual relationship
Identify and define the two types of variables within an experiment. Independent variable- manipulated Dependent variable- measured
Which of the above is most impacted by outliers? Mean
Identify and explain the two measures of variability. Range, standard deviation
What is meant by regression towards the mean? Points on the graph are close to the avg
What is generalizability? The ability to apply data to other studies
Why are ethics important to psychological research? To keep people safe and so ppl are treated humanely.
Give four examples of ethical guidelines. Informed consent Protection from harm & discomfort Confidentiality Debriefing
Created by: ryliemadsen
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