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vocab quiz 1 U3
Neuron unit 3 vocab quiz 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system | Neuron |
| the part of the neuron that contains the nucleus; the cells life-support center | cell body |
| a neurons often bushy, branching extensions that receive and integrate messages conducting impulses toward the cells body | dendrites |
| the neuron extension that passes messages through its branches to other neurons or to muscles or glands | Axon |
| a fatty tissue layer segmentally encasing the axons of some neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed as neural impulses hop from one node to the next | Myelin sheath |
| cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons; they also play a role in learning, thinking, and memory | gilal cells |
| a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon | action potential |
| the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse | threshold |
| in neural processing, a brief resting pause that occurs after a neuron has fired; subsequent action potentials cannot occur until the axon returns to its resting state | refractory period |
| a neuron's reaction of either firing or not firing | all-or-none response |
| the junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron. The tiny gap at this junction is called the synaptic gap or synaptic cleft | synapse |
| chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons. When released by the sending neuron, neurotransmitters travel across the synapse and bind to receptors sites on the receiving neuron, there by influencing whether the neuron will generate a | neurotransmitters |
| a nerotransmitter's reabsorption by the sending neuron | reuptake |
| "morphine within"-natural, opiate- like neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure | endorphins |
| a molecule that increases a neurotransmitter's action | agonist |
| a molecule that inhibits or blocks a neurotransmitter's action | antagonist |
Created by:
julianna merrill
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