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Breast disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What characterizes fibrocystic breast changes? | Proliferative changes of epithelium ans stroma, "lumpy bumpy breasts", in pre menopausal women , originated in TDLU. Symptom: premenstrual mastodinia. |
| Types of fibrocystic breast changes | Non proliferative: 68% not associated with Breast Ca. Proliferative w/o atypias : 26% mild riks of Br Ca, Proliferative with atypia: 4% High risk of Br Ca (includes ductal and atypical lobulillar hyperplasia) |
| At what age is cyst formation more frequent? | 40-50 yo |
| Cyst characteristics | Mobile mass, painless, round. US for diagnosis , dark fluid inside "blue domed cyst", forms in TDLU. If a cysts breaks it can cause fibrosis |
| Name benign tumors of breast | Cysts, fibroadenoma |
| What is apocrine metaplasia | benign, epithelial cells lining the breast ducts transform into cells resembling those found in apocrine sweat glands, can sometimes present as palpable breast masses or be detected as microcalcifications on mammograms |
| What is the most frequent benign breast tumor? | Fibroadenoma (stromal tumor), (<25 yo), high incidence in 15-35, mobile, well defined, upper external quadrant. Estrogen dependent, Dx: US hyperechoic. Qx removed if > 30 yo or rapid growht or 2-3 cm. |
| Name proliferative disorders of breast | Epithelial hyperplasia, sclerosing adenosis, intraductal papilloma, |
| Characteristics of epithelial hyperplasia | proliferative breast disorder, associated with Br Ca risk, high luminal epithelium |
| Characteristics of sclerosing adenosis | proliferative breast disorder characterized by the enlargement and distortion of the breast lobules due to the presence of scar-like (sclerotic) tissue, dense stroma, microcalcifications |
| Characteristics of intraductal papilloma | proliferative breast disordder, growth of ductal epithelial cells ,"finger like proyections", bloody discharge , small mass near nipple |
| What is the phyloids tumor | Stroma tumor, bening, > 60 yos, might metastasize, "leaf like" appearance |
| At what age does ductal ectasia present? | 50 yo or older (inflammatory condition that mimics Br Ca), multiparous women, ectasia due to chronic fibrosis, nipple discharge: white , green, no pain, no erythema |
| Dirty white or greenish nipple discharge | ductal ectasia |
| Bloody discharge | Intraductal papilloma, trauma, Br Ca |
| If there is history of trauma or previous surgery , what inflammatory condition of the breast must you think of? | Fat necrosis |
| What are the 2 ind of mastitis? | Lactational (acute) fever, malaise, s. aeurus , treatment with dicloxa or cephalexin. Periductal (squamos metaplasia) from cuboid epithelium to squamos of lactiferus ducts. Risk factor: smoking (Vit A deficiency). Redness, tenderness, warmth |
| What are the stromal tumors of breast? | Fibroadenoma and phyloid tumor |
Created by:
marticaospina81
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