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The Cell Cycle

Goes over all details of each phase of cell division.

TermDefinition
G1 Phase Cell grows and duplicates all cell's organelles. Additionally, necessary proteins for DNA replication are synthesized.
Synthesis "S" Phase Cell replicates/duplicates its DNA for the two upcoming daughter cells.
G2 Phase The cell continues to grow and the cell checks for any errors within the DNA that might've occurred after replication and make repairs if necessary.
Mitosis Phase of the cell where it begins to divide to produce two identical daughter cells. Mitosis is divided into four stages: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.
Prophase The DNA condenses into visible X-shaped chromosomes and the nucleus starts to fade away and break down. Additionally, the mitotic spindle, made of microtubules, begins to form.
Metaphase The X-shaped chromosomes begin to line up along the middle of the cell, known as the metaphase plate. The spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes.
Anaphase The chromosomes are then pulled apart by the spindle fibers and the split chromosomes (chromatids) are further pulled to the opposite poles of the cell, ensuring each new cell will receive an identical set of chromosomes.
Telophase The split chromosomes (chromatids) reach the poles of the cell and a new nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes. The chromosomes the begin to uncoil from its X-shape and back into chromatin.
Cytokinesis This is the process in which a eukaryotic cell is divided into two daughter cells. It usually occurs right after mitosis or meiosis. In animal cells, the cell membrane will pinch inward to form two separate cells.
Interphase Phase of the cell where it begins to prepare for cell division. During this phase, the cell grows, duplicates organelles, and duplicates its DNA. There are 3 steps included in this phase: G1, S, and G2.
Chromatid One half of a duplicated chromosome. When a cell is getting ready to divide, it duplicates its chromosomes, so each chromosome consists of two identical chromatids, called sister chromatids.
Created by: user-1908719
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