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History of Massage
History of Massage Therapy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nei Jing 1000 BC | "Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine" |
| Nei Ching 200 BC | "Classic of Internal Medicine" |
| Chinese Massage | First called Moshou - meaning hand rubbing, which became Anmo (press and rub) and is now called Tui Na (push and hold) |
| Moshou | hand rubbing |
| Anmo | press and rub |
| Tui Na | Push and hold |
| India | Ayur Veda Book written 1800 BC "Supreme Mystic Document of Hindu Medicine) |
| Mordan | meaning "to rub" |
| Champna | meaning "to press" |
| Greek | Hippocrates 460-375 BC "DO NO HARM |
| Hippocrates | Founder of Modern Medicine. "For rubbing can bind a joint that is too loosed and loosen a joint that is too rigid". |
| Herodicus 500 BC | Founder of Medical Gymnastics |
| Roman | Asclepides 124-40 BC, Galen 130-201 AD |
| Asclepides 124-40 BC | GREEK physician who settled and practiced in Rome. Did not favor Hippocrates. Utilized motion. Discussed contraindications. No friction with fever 102+ |
| Galen 130-201 AD | Most famous physician in Roman Empire. Wrote materials. Phys to school of gladiators. "..to be rubbed until red". (= to pre/post sports massage in modern day) |
| Galen wrote... | "..but gentle massage does both, & firm massage the former,for it thickens & toughens the skin, whereas gentle massage purges makes the body relaxed and soft" and commentaries on Hippoc. & contributed much written material on early manual meds. |
| Ambrose Pare 1510-1590 | Father of modern surgery. Used tx after surgery, b4 a patient could do physical therapy. Described 3 types of massage strokes; gentle, med, and vigorous |
| Per Henrik Ling 1776-1839 | Made the swedish sequence/routine however, did NOT give name to the strokes. Pasive = Massage, Active-Passive = Range of Motion. Didn't write much. |
| Augustus Georgii (student of Ling's) | Published Book on Ling's system which help popularize it after Ling's death. |
| Johann George Metzger 1838-1909 | Phys from Amsterdam. Treated prince. Organized manipulations into Swedish Massage Strokes - Eff, Pet, Tap, Fric. Pupils documented his teachings. |
| Mary McMillan | Rehabilitated wounded soldiers in WWI. Trained in Brit then appointed to train American therapists to "European" standards. |
| What Book did Mary McMillan write? | Massage & Therapeutic Exercise |
| Elizabeth Kenny | During Polio Epidemic of 1918, utilized the techniques of manual manipulation along w/massage to aid the victims of polio |
| Dr. James B. Mennell | English physician, specialized in tx of fractures. Promoted massage in 30's/40's. Divided effects into 2 catagories: mech and reflex. *Using nervous system for change |
| What 2 books did Dr. James B. Mennell write? | "The Treatment of Fractures by Mobilization and Massage" and Physical Treatment by Movement, Manipulation and Massage" |
| Albert J. Hoffa | Germany. Limited the means of massage to the hand but embraced its broad application to all the "mechanical procedures that can cure illness" |
| What book did Albert J. Hoffa write? | "Technik Der Massage" |
| Dr. John Harvey Kellogg | Med Director of Battle Creek. Spent time in Europe. Est. school for nurses to take 6 months massage class post-grad |
| What book did John Harvey Kellogg publish in 1895? | "The Art of Massage, Its Physiological Effects and Therapeutic Applications" |
| James H. Cyriax | xFF = cross fiber friction |
| Boris Chiatow and Stanley Lief | Developed NMT and helped promote MET |
| Leon Chiatow | Wrote several books on Acupuncture, Soft Tissue Manip, Palpatory Literacy, Trigger Points, and Positional Release |
| Gertrude Beard | Wrote "Beards Massage" and "Massage Principles and Techniques" |
| Janet Travell (and David Simons) | Most famous for research & tx for myofascial trigger points |
| Douglas Graham | Published several articles discussing modes for applying massage, describing massage for sprains, massage,with diabetes |
| Paul St. John | Developed St. John Neuromuscular Pain Relief Institute |
| Ralph Stevens | Chair Massage. Vid producer of Neuromuscular On-Site Chair Massage Techniques |
| John Barnes | Myofascial Release |
| Whitney Lowe | Orthopedics and sports meds. |
| State Licensing/Standards & Regulations of WI Defines Massage Therapy or Bodywork as: | A person who engages in the science & healing art that uses manual actions to palpate & manipulate soft tissue & includes determining if massage is contraindicated or if referral is appropriate. |
| Massage Therapy does NOT include | Making a medical diagnosis or instructing in or prescribing rehabilitative strengthening or conditioning exercises that are within the practice of PT. You may practice w/o obtaining cert. but no using titles. *LAW CHANGES DEC 2010 |
| "Manual Actions" include | Holding, positioning, rocking, kneading, compressing, decompressing, gliding or percussing the soft tissue of the human body or applying a passive range of motion. |
| CURRENT WI requirements | 600 hours by APPROVED school, $1mil liability insurance and national cert and first aid. |
Created by:
BAC
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